روزنامه گسترش تجارت شماره 277

‫ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻰ ﺻﺒﺢ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻛﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ »ﻭﺭﻧﻰ« ﺩﺭ ﻛﻤﻴﻦ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻋﺸﺎﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﭼﻬﺎﺭﺷﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ‪4‬‬ ‫‪ 19‬ﻣﻬﺮ ‪1396‬‬ ‫‪ 20‬ﻣﺤﺮﻡ ‪1439‬‬ ‫‪ 11‬ﺍﻛﺘﺒﺮ ‪2017‬‬ ‫‪www.Tejaratdaily.com‬‬ ‫‪http://Telegram.me/Tejaratdaily‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ‪ 277‬ﭘﻴﺎﭘﻰ ‪ 8 426‬ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ‪1000 :‬ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﻣﻬﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫‪ 500‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺭﺟﻴﺴﺘﺮﻯ ﺗﻠﻔﻦ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ‪ 28‬ﻣﻬﺮ ﻛﻠﻴﺪ ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ‪ 3‬ﺍﻓﺸﻴﻦ ﺍﻛﺒﺮﻯ ﺣﺪﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ‪6‬‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ ﺁﺧﻮﻧﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻰﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﻣﻘﺮﺭﺍﺕ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﮔﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺒﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ‪ ،‬ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪﺑﺨﺶ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻰﺷﻚ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺍﺻﻠﻰﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﮔﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﮔﺎﻡ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ‪ .‬ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺑﻌﺪﻯ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺵ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻘﺼﺪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺗﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺤﻮﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻣــﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺎﻻ ﻧﺎﻡ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺘﻰ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﻴﻢ ﻛﺎﻻﻳﻰ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻗﺎﺑﻞﻗﺒﻮﻟﻰ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺭﺿﺎﻳﺖ ﺣﺪﺍﻛﺜﺮﻯ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ؛ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺎﻻﻯ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭ ﻧﺸــﺎﻥﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ)ﺑﺮﻧﺪ(‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻣﻮﺭﺩﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﻣﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺳﻠﻴﻘﻪ ﻣﺼﺮﻑﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺟﺰﻭ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻳﺎﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ؛ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻋﺮﺿﻪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﺮﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺍﺳــﺘﻮﺍﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ؛ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﻛﻴﻔﻰ ﻣﻌﻨﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﻧﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺴــﺌﻠﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺗﺎﺟﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻮﻳﮋﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻳﻪ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩﺍﻯ ﻧﻪ ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﺩﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻳﺒﺮﻧﺖ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻧﮕﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻠﻨﺪﻣﺪﺕ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﺭﺯﻯ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻧﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺰﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﭘﻨﺠﺮﻩ ﺑﻰﺣﻔﺎﻅ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪﺍﻣﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﺝﻛﺎﻇﻤﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺖ ﻭ ﮔﻮ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻴﺪ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﺪﻑ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ‪2‬‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ ﺁﺭﮔﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳــﺖ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ .‬ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻭﻳﮋﻩﺍﻯ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﻙ ﺗﻌﻠﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﺴــﺎﻳﻪ )ﻋﺮﺍﻕ ﻭ ﺍﻓﻐﺎﻧﺴﺘﺎﻥ( ﺭﺍ ﺗﺸﺪﻳﺪ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ »ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ« ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺳﻌﻰ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺗﺎ ﻣﻘﺮﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﻗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻦ ‪20‬ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖﺩﺍﺭ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺮﺍﺝ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ‪2‬‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ‪5‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺗﺎ ﻳﻜﺴﺎﻥﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ‪7‬‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﻣﺎﺳﻨﺞ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺏ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻧﻤﻰﻛﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ‪8‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﺯﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺎﺭ ﻭ ﭘﻮﺩﻫﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻨﺎﻑ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﺪﻳﻘﻰ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ‪3‬‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺍﻣﻮﺷﻰ ﻣﺘﺮﻭ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﺸﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺩﻭ ﺭﻭ ﺑﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺘﺮﺍ ﺑﻰﺑﺎﻛﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ‪4‬‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﻣﺰﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺮ ﺳﺎﻳﻪ ﻗﻄﺎﺭ ﺣﻮﻣﻪﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﺪﻯ ﺑﻬﺎﺩﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ‪6‬‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻛﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﻮﺭﻭﺵ ﭘﺮﻭﻳﺰﻳﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ‪7‬‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﻼﻥ‬ ‫ﭼﻬﺎﺭﺷﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫‪ 19‬ﻣﻬﺮ ‪1396‬‬ ‫‪ 20‬ﻣﺤﺮﻡ ‪1439‬‬ ‫‪ 11‬ﺍﻛﺘﺒﺮ ‪2017‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺩﻭﻡ ‪ /‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ‪ /277‬ﭘﻴﺎﭘﻰ ‪426‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻴﺪ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﺪﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻳﻌﻨــﻰ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻣــﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺗــﺎ ﻭﻗﺘــﻰ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺳــﺘﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻣﻮﻟﻔــﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷــﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻢ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﻴﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻛﺴــﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪﺍﻣﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻴــﻢ‪ .‬ﺗﻨﻬــﺎ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻯ ﻛــﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺝﻛﺎﻇﻤﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺩﻧﻴــﺎ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻻﻫــﺎﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗــﻰ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﺟﺒــﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ؛‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑــﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻫﺪﻑ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫــﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﻭ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻰﺷﻚ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩﺍﻯ ﻛﺎﻻﻳﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﺟــﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺁﺳﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﻩ ﺳﺨﺖ ﻭ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻣﺎﻧﻊ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﮔﺰﻳﺪﻳﻢ‪ .‬ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻯ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻈﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺩﻧﻴﺎﻳــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻯ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﻛﻪ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺎﻻﻯ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﻣﺎ ﮔﻮﺍﻫﻰ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻟﺰﻭﻣﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺩﻧﻴــﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺰﻟﻪ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖﭘﺬﻳﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮﻧــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ‪IFS‬‬ ‫‪ (International Food Standard‬ﻳــﺎ‬ ‫‪ (British Retail Consortium)BRC‬ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻳﻨﻪ ﻭ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓﺳﺎﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﻓﻴﻖ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻫﺪﻑ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺵ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻳﺎ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﻠــﺰﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻴﻔﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﻣﻰﺩﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﻛﻴﻔﻰﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ؛ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺳﺨﺖ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻫــﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﻛــﻪ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻣــﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫــﺎﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﺣﺮﻓﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺘﻦ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﮔﻮﺍﻫﻰﻫﺎﻯ ‪IFS‬‬ ‫ﻳﺎ ‪ (BRC‬ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻤــﺎﻡ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺳــﺎﻳﺖ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ ‪700‬ﺷــﺮﻛﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﮔﻮﺍﻫﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻠﻰ ‪ 7‬ﺷﺮﻛﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﻮﺍﻫﻰ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺎﺳﻒﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﭼﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻴﻔﻰﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﻓﺮﺍﺭ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﻮﺍﻫﻰﻫﺎ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﺗﻼﺷﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ‬ ‫ﮔﻮﺍﻫﻰﻫــﺎﻯ ﻣﻨﻄﺒﻖ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﭘﺬﻳــﺮﺵ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻫﺪﻑ ﻫﻢ ﻧﻤﻰﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﻃﻼﻉﺭﺳــﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻦ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺮﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠــﻪ ﺑﺎﻳــﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺑﺘــﺪﺍ ﺑــﻪ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺩﺭﺳــﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﭘﻰﺑﺒﺮﻳﻢ ﻭ ﺑﺪﺍﻧﻴﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻠﻴﺪ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯﺳﻮﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺟﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﺯﺳــﻮﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻘﻰ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﻟــﺖ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨــﺶ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﻣﺘﺎﺳــﻔﺎﻧﻪ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺶ ﺍﺻﻠــﻰ ﺧــﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻓﺮﺍﻣﻮﺵ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻫﺮﻛــﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﺯ ﺣﻠﻘﻪﻫــﺎﻯ ﺯﻧﺠﻴﺮﻩ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﺳــﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺷــﻮﺩ؛ ﻣﺜــﻼ ﺑﺎﻏــﺪﺍﺭ ﺑﺪﺍﻧﺪ ﭼﮕﻮﻧــﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺪ؛ ﺑﻨﻜﺪﺍﺭ ﺑﺪﺍﻧــﺪ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺴــﺘﻪﺑﻨﺪﻯﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺪﺍﻧﺪ ﭼــﻪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻟﻰ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ ﭼــﻪ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺘﻰ ﺑﺨﺮﺩ ﻭ ﭼﻪ ﺩﺳــﺘﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﻴــﺎﺯ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺑــﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺳــﻨﮕﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪﺻﺪﻣﻴﻠﻴــﺎﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻧــﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﻘــﻮﻕ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﻳﺾ ﻭ ﻃﻮﻳﻞ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﭙﺮﺩﺍﺯﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﺎﺷــﻴﻦﺁﻻﺕ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺑﺮﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﻭﺍﻡ ﺍﺭﺯﺍﻥﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﻋﻄﺎ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺍﻡ ‪ 4/5‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺧﻄﻮﻁ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺯﺁﻣﺪ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻧﺪﻫﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗــﻊ ﺧﻮﺩﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺳــﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﻣﺎﻥ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻳﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺳــﻮﻕ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻇﻴﻔﻪ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻭ ﺑﻪﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ‬ ‫ﻛﺴــﺐ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺩﻭﺭﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷــﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﺩﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺧﺒــﺮﮔﺎﻥ ﺧﺎﺭﺟــﻰ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺧﻠــﻰ ﺑﺮﮔﺰﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻭ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺿﻌﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﻫﺴﺘﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻰﺷـﻚ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺍﺻﻠﻰﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻮﺳـﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﮔﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﺪﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﺳـﺖ ﻭ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺑـﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺻـﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺳـﻤﺖ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻻﻫـﺎﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗـﻰ ﮔﺎﻡ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻳـﻢ‪ .‬ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺑﻌﺪﻯ ﺍﺳـﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣـﻮﺭﺩ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺵ‬ ‫ﻛﺸـﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻘﺼﺪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺗﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺤﻮﻯ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺯﻫﺮﺍ ﻃﻬﺮﺍﻧﻰ‬ ‫‪ trade@tejaratdaily.com‬ﺩﺍﺷـﺘﻦ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺎﻻ ﻧﺎﻡ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺘﻰ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﻴﻢ ﻛﺎﻻﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴـﺖ ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺳـﻄﺢ ﻗﺎﺑﻞﻗﺒﻮﻟﻰ ﺭﺳـﻴﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺭﺿﺎﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﺣﺪﺍﻛﺜﺮﻯ ﻣﺸـﺘﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ؛ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺎﻻﻯ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭ‬ ‫ﻧﺸـﺎﻥﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ)ﺑﺮﻧﺪ(‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻣﻮﺭﺩﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﻣﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷـﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺳﻠﻴﻘﻪ ﻣﺼﺮﻑﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺟﺰﻭ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻳﺎﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ؛ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻋﺮﺿﻪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﺮﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻮﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ؛ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺻـﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﻛﻴﻔﻰ ﻣﻌﻨﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﻧﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﻛﺸـﻮﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴـﺌﻠﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺳـﻮﻯ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺗﺎﺟﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻮﻳﮋﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻳﻪ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺁﻳﻨـﺪﻩﺍﻯ ﻧـﻪ ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳـﺖ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴـﻢ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ .‬ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿـﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻭﻳﮋﻩﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﻙ ﺗﻌﻠﻞ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨـﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺧﻄـﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳـﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﻛﺸـﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﺴـﺎﻳﻪ )ﻋﺮﺍﻕ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻐﺎﻧﺴﺘﺎﻥ( ﺭﺍ ﺗﺸﺪﻳﺪ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ »ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﺳـﺎﺯﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ« ﺳـﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺳـﻌﻪ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺳﻌﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ ﻣﻘﺮﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﻗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻦ ‪20‬ﻛﺸـﻮﺭ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖﺩﺍﺭ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺍﺳـﺘﺨﺮﺍﺝ ﺷـﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻰﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﻣﻘﺮﺭﺍﺕ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﮔﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺒﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ‪ ،‬ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪﺑﺨﺶ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﻛﺎﻻﻫــﺎ ﻭ ﺍﺟــﺮﺍﻯ ﺿﻮﺍﺑــﻂ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺮﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﺴــﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﻮﺡ ﻣﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪﺍﻯ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪﺳﺎﺯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺿﻤــﻦ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻫﻴﭻ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻯ ﻧﺘﻮﺍﻧﺴــﺘﻪ ﺑــﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺮﺳــﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻴﻔﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﻪﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ؛ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭﻩﺍﻯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻧﻴــﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨــﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠــﻰ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺗــﻰ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺒــﺪﺍ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﻘﺮﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﺮﭼﺴــﺐﺯﻧﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﺴــﺘﻪﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﻭ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺣﻤﻞ ﻭ‪ ...‬ﺑــﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺣﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴــﺖ ﻛﺎﻻﻫــﺎﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗــﻰ ﻭ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻞ ﺣﻤــﻞ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ »ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﺳﺎﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ« ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻦ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞﻫــﺎ ﻭ ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻰﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﺳــﺖ؛ ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻛﺎﻏﺬ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ‪ ،‬ﺭﻃﻮﺑﺖ‪ ،‬ﺳــﻔﻴﺪﻯ ﻭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻰﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ﺍﻳﺰﻭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻟﻴــﻼ ﺻﺎﺩﻗــﻰ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔــﻮ ﺑــﺎ »ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ«‬ ‫ﺗﺼﺮﻳﺢ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺳﻠﻴﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺮﻑﻛﻨﻨــﺪﮔﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧــﻰ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫــﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗــﻰ ﺑﺮﮔﺰﻳﺪﻩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻰ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺻﺪﻭﺭ ﻣﺤﻤﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻰ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﺳﻴﺎﻩ )ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺟﻮﻋﻰ( ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺑــﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜــﻪ ﺗﺼﻤﻴــﻢ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﻛﻴﻔﻴــﺖ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺩﺍﻣــﻪ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ :‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺰﺭگ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻫﺪﻑ ﻣﺎ ﻧﻴﺴــﺘﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺻﺤﺒﺖ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺳــﺘﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻘﻄﻌﻰ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﭘﺎﻳــﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧــﺪ؛ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﻻ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺑــﺪﻭﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘــﻦ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨــﺪ ﺑﺮﻫﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺎ ﺩﭼﺎﺭ ﺑﺪﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻋﺮﺍﻕ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﺯﺭﺳــﻰ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﺍﮔﺎﻧﻪﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺯ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ »ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺳﺎﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ« ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ‪ 220‬ﻛﺎﻻ ﺩﺭ ‪11‬‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻛﺎﻻﻳﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﺍﺟﺒﺎﺭﻯ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺟﺎﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺎ ﻣﺮﺯ ﺧﻮﺩﻣﺎﻥ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺼﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻗﺒﻮﻝ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻟﻴﻼ ﺻﺎﺩﻗﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻭﺷﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺧﺮﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﻭﺍﮔﺬﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﻓﻖ ﻳﻜﺪﻳﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺑﺮﺳﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﻗﻰ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻫــﺪﻑ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻣﺎ ﻧﻴــﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ ‪ 20‬ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖﺩﺍﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸــﻰ ﻭ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ‪ 180‬ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻢ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﺭﺯﺵﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩﻩ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻛﺮﺩﻳﻢ ﺗﺎ ﻣﻘﺮﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺑﻴﺎﻭﺭﻳﻢ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻫﻴﻢ ﺗﺎ ﺁﮔﺎﻩ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻧﻄﺒﺎﻕ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺪﺍﻧﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﮔﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﮔﻔﺘــﻪ ﻭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌــﺎﺕ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺗﺠــﺎﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﺸــﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻫﻴﭻ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻯ ﻧﺘﻮﺍﻧﺴــﺘﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺮﺳــﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻠــﻰ ﻛﻴﻔﻴــﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺩﺳــﺖ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﻫﻢ ‪4‬ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺷــﺎﻣﻞ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ‪ ،‬ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ‪ ،‬ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﺷــﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺳــﻬﻢ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺟﺒﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﭘﻴﺸﻴﻦ ﻛﻤﻴﺴــﻴﻮﻥ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﺗﺎﻕ ﺑﺎﺯﺭﮔﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺩﻭ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ :‬ﻧﺨﺴــﺘﻴﻦ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﺎﻳــﺪ ﻛﺎﻻﻳﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻴﻔﻴــﺖ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﻴــﻢ‪ ،‬ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫــﺎﻯ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﺪﻧﺎﻡ ﺷــﻮﻳﻢ ﻭ ﭘﻴﺎﻣﺪﻫﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺎ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻔﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﺿﻰ ﻣﻴﺮﻯ ﺑﻪ »ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ« ﺗﺼﺮﻳﺢ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﺩﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﺎﻻﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷــﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺍﺻﺮﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺮ ﺁﻥ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﻢ ﻭ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺧﺮﻳﺪﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﺎﻻ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻰ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﻮﻳﺾ ﭘﻠﻜﺎﻧﻰ ﻗﻴﻤﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻛﻞ ﻧﻈــﺎﺭﺕ ﺑــﺮ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷــﺘﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳــﻰ ﻭ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﭘﺰﺷــﻜﻰ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺮﻑﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺍﻧﺘﺸــﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺒــﺎﺭﻯ ﻣﺒﻨﻰ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻔﻮﻳﺾ ﭘﻠﻜﺎﻧــﻰ ﻗﻴﻤﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴــﺰﺍﺕ ﭘﺰﺷــﻜﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩﻳﻪﻫــﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻔــﻰ‪ ،‬ﮔﻔــﺖ‪ :‬ﻗﻴﻤﺖﮔــﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻧــﻮﺍﻉ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﭘﺰﺷــﻜﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻣﺤﻮﻝ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻫﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻏﻴﺮﻣﺘﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯﺳــﻮﻯ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﻣﺼﺮﻑﻛﻨﻨــﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﮕﺮﺩ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻰ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺷــﺎﺗﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﻤﺎﻋﻴﻞ ﻣﻬﺪﻯﭘﻮﺭ ﺑــﺎ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﺍﻳﻨﻜــﻪ ﺩﺭﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﺮﺥﮔــﺬﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺗﻘﺴــﻴﻢﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﺷــﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻮﺑﻪ ﻫﺠﺪﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﺳــﺘﺎﺩ ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺭﺍﻧﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳــﺘﻨﺎﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺎﻧــﻮﻥ ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺗﻌﺰﻳﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻮﻣﺘــﻰ ﻣﺼﻮﺏ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 1373‬ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻮﺑــﻪ ﺩﻭﻟــﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻗﻴﻤﺖﮔــﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮓﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺕ ﺭﻭﻳــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﻗﻴﻤﺖﮔــﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻻﻫــﺎ ﻭ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﺯ ﺣﻴــﺚ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺴــﻴﻢﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﺷــﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﺭﺿﻰ ﻣﻴﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﭻ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻮﺍﻧﺴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﺻﻼﺡ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻰ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺩﺳﺖ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻡ ﻧﻴــﺰ ﻣﺸــﻤﻮﻝ ﺭﺻﺪ ﭘﺎﻳﺶ ﻭ ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺕ ﻣﺴــﺘﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩﻯ ﻭ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺴــﺌﻮﻝ ﺗﻨﻈﻴــﻢ ﺑــﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻭ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻟﻮﺍﺯﻡ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﭘﺰﺷــﻜﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻧﺮﺥﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺗﺼﺮﻳﺢ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﻗﻴﻤﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺯﺳﻮﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﺿﻮﺍﺑﻂ ﻗﻴﻤﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻫﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻴﻴــﻦ ﻭ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﻗﻴﻤﺖﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺿﺮﺍﻳﺐ ﺳــﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻮﺏ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺷﻜﺎﻳﺖ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻫﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻏﻴﺮﻣﺘﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺭﺳﻴﺪﮔﻰ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻬﺪﻯﭘــﻮﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﻨــﻮﻉ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻟﻮﺍﺯﻡ ﻭ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﭘﺰﺷــﻜﻰ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺕ ﻗﻴﻤﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﻫﺮﻳﻚ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﻭﻩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻻﻳﻰ ﻳﺎﺩﺷــﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺿــﻮﻉ ﺗﻐﻴﻴــﺮ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖﺑﻨﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺑﺎ ﭘﻴﺸــﻨﻬﺎﺩ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷــﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻣــﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﭘﺰﺷــﻜﻰ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺼﻮﻳــﺐ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮﻭﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻰ ﻧﺮﺥ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﭼﺎﺭﭼﻮﺏ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺳﺘﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺟﻤﻴﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻨﻄﺒﻖ ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺼﺪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺭﻋﺎﻳــﺖ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻣﺒﺪﺍ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻻ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺻــﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩ ﻭ ﺗﺠــﺎﺭﺕ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﻭﺟــﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑــﻪ ﻃــﻮﺭ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻛﺎﻻﻳﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻓﺮﻭﺧﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺭﺿﺎﻳﺖ ﺧﺮﻳﺪﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﭘﻴﺸﻴﻦ ﻛﻤﻴﺴﻴﻮﻥ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﺗﺎﻕ ﺑﺎﺯﺭﮔﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻌﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻦ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﺟﺒﺎﺭﻯ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻄﻠﻰ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻤﺮﻙ ﺟﺰﻭ ﻣﺰﺍﺣﻤﺖﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺑﺮﻭﻛﺮﺍﺳــﻰ ﻭ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻧﻌﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺗﻠﻔﻰ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣــﻦ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﺩﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺳﺖﺗﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴــﺮﻯ ﺗﺎﻛﻴــﺪ ﻛــﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﻟﺰﻭﻣــﻰ ﻧــﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﺻــﺮﺍﺭ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﻴﻢ ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﺟﺰ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﻜــﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻌــﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻳﺠــﺎﺩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨــﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺰﻳﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺣــﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﺪ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺟﺒﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺯ ﻭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻰ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺧﺮﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻤﻰﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ؛‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻــﻮﺭﺕ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻭ ﺯﻣــﺎﻥ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻰ ﺑــﻪ ﺗﺎﺟﺮ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ؛ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﻭﺷﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺧﺮﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﻭﺍﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺍﻓﻖ ﻳﻜﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺑﺮﺳﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎ ﺭﺑﻄﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻴــﺲ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟــﺖ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻛﺎﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﻫﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﻣﺸﻮﻕﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴــﻢ ﺟﻤﻴﻠــﻰ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ ﺑﺎ »ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ«‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻛﻴــﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻣﺸــﻮﻕﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ؛ ﺍﺯ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻳــﮕﺎﻥ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﺍﺭﺯﺍﻥ ﻛــﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺑــﺎ ﺑﻴــﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺑــﺰﺭگ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻤــﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ‪ ،‬ﺗﺼﺮﻳﺢ ﻛــﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭﻗﺘــﻰ ﻛﺎﻻ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺲ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻤﻰﺑﻴﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻮﺍﻧﺴﺘﻪﺍﻳﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺳﻬﻢ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﻳﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﺍﻧﺠﻤــﻦ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨــﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﺩﻭﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﻫﺮﭼــﻪ ﻛﻤﺘــﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻣــﻮﺭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗــﻰ ﺩﺧﺎﻟﺖ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻴﻠﻰ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻨﻄﺒﻖ ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻘﺼﺪ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻫﺮ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺧــﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؛ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺧﻠﻴــﺞ ﻓﺎﺭﺱ ﺑــﺎ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺧﻮﺍﺳــﺖ ﺁﻥ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﻻ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺿﻤــﻦ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺭﺑﻄﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻀﻮ ﻫﻴﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ ﺩﺍﻧﺸــﮕﺎﻩ ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ ﻣﺪﺭﺱ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﻫﺮﭼﻪ ﺩﻭﺳﺖ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﻧﺤﻮﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺗﻀــﻰ ﻋﺰﺗﻰ ﺑﻪ »ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ« ﮔﻔــﺖ‪ :‬ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﻻﻫــﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﻧــﻪ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑــﻪ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻄﻤﻪ ﻣﻰﺯﻧــﺪ؛ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻟﺒﻨﻴﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﮔﻮﺷــﺖ‬ ‫ﻭ‪ ...‬ﻛﻪ ﺍﺳــﺘﺮﺍﺗﮋﻳﻚ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﻫﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻭ ﻫﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺣﺴﺎﺳﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺪﺍﻛﺜﺮﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺧــﻰ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺎ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻳﺨﭽﺎﻝ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻰ ﻫﻢ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺑــﺎ ﺑﻴــﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜــﻪ ﺑﻪﻃــﻮﺭ ﻗﻄــﻊ ﺍﮔــﺮ ﻛﺎﻻﻯ ﻛﻴﻔﻰ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﻧﺸــﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺸــﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗــﻰ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﺟﺒﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﺷــﺎﻳﺪ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻣﻘﺼــﺪ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺧﺎﺻﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻋﺰﺗﻰ‪ ،‬ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺩﺳــﺘﻰ ﻛﻨﻴــﻢ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﻤﺖ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺟﺒــﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺒﺮﻳﻢ ﻭ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺿﺮﺭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﻗــﺪﺍﻡ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳــﺪ ﻫﺮﭼﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺻــﺎﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺪ ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﺍﮔــﺮ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻫﺪﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻯ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻰ ﺧﻮﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻧﺎﭼﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺭﻋﺎﻳــﺖ ﻛﻨــﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺗﺎﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺣﺘﻴــﺎﺝ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻟﻄﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻰ ﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻮﻳﺖ ﻭ ﺣﻴﺜﻴﺖ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﺰﺩ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺟﺒﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﻚ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺩﻻﺭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺑﻴﺮ ﺷــﻮﺭﺍﻯﻋﺎﻟﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﻃــﻖ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳﺰﻯ‬ ‫ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻛﺎﻻ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﻳــﻚ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﻭ ‪50‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﻠﻴــﻮﻥ ﺩﻻﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﻣﺴــﺎﻝ ﺧﺒﺮ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﮔــﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺍﻳﺮﻧﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﺗﻀﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 390‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﻻﺭ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﺠــﺪﺩ ﻭ ‪ 55‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴــﻮﻥ ﺩﻻﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﺍﻧﺰﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺳــﺘﻴﺎﺑﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﮕــﺮ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻤﻨﺪﻯ ﻭ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﻴﺖ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻣﺮ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕﻣﺠﺪﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺯﻳﺮﺳﺎﺧﺘﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺎﻣﺘﻰ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺗﻔﺮﻳﺤﺎﺕ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﺍﻧﺰﻟﻰ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺁﻛﻮﺍﺭﻳﻮﻡ ﻭ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻉ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﻧﻮﺍﺭ ﺳــﺎﺣﻠﻰ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺟﺎﺫﺑﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺁﺑﻨﻤﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺯﻳﺒﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻭ ﺟﺬﺏ ﻣﺴــﺎﻓﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ‪ 3/5‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﻧﻔﺮ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻭ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻄﻘــﻪ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﺍﻧﺰﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ‪ 6‬ﻣﺎﻩ ﻧﺨﺴــﺖ ﺍﻣﺴــﺎﻝ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﻣﻮﺍﻫــﺐ ﺍﻟﻬﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺩﺭﻳﺎ ﻭ ﻛﻮﻩ ﻭ ﺟﻨﮕﻞ ﻭ ﺗﺎﻻﺏﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎﻟﻰ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﺩﻭﭼﻨﺪﺍﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺬﺏ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺟﺬﺏ ‪ 3/5‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﺍﻧﺰﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴــﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻳﺪ ‪ 11‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻫﻔﺖﮔﺎﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﺭﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﺍﻧﺰﻟﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺎﻧﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻟﺰﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺎﻫﻤﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﻤــﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺩﺑﻴﺮﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻧﺸﺴــﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﺠــﺎﺭﻯ ﺯﻧــﺎﻥ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻟــﺰﻯ ) ‪ (IMWBF‬ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩﻳﻪ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻓﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﺰﻯ) ‪(WENA‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫــﺎ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﺠــﺎﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻰ ﻓﺮﺻﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺍﻣﻀﺎ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺍﻳﺮﻧﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺗﻔﺎﻫﻤﻨﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﺷــﺎﻣﮕﺎﻩ ﺩﻭﺷــﻨﺒﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻮﺍﻻﻻﻣﭙﻮﺭ ﺍﺯﺳــﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻴﻨــﻰ ﺩﺑﻴﺮ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺸﺴــﺖ ﻭ ﻧﺎﺩﻳﺮﺍ ﻳﻮﺳــﻒ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩﻳﻪ ﺷــﺒﻜﻪ ﺯﻧــﺎﻥ ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻓﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﺰﻯ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻀﺎ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﻴﻨﻰ ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﻛــﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﻜﺎﺭﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻫﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺗــﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻮﻩ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳــﻄﺢ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻣﺴــﻠﻤﺎﻥ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺣﻀــﻮﺭ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺩﻋﻮﺕ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻋﻀــﺎﻯ ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩﻳﻪ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻓﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﻟــﺰﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﻧﻘﺶ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﻭ ﺳــﺎﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩﻳﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳــﺎﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻣﺎﻟــﺰﻯ ﻗﺪﺭﺩﺍﻧﻰ ﻛــﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺮ ﻟﺰﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣــﺮﺍﻭﺩﺍﺕ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻚ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧــﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺯﺭﮔﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻓﺮﻳﻦ ﺩﻭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺩﻭﺳــﺖ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺎﻥ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﻧﺎﺩﻳﺮﺍ ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﺷــﺒﻜﻪ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻓﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﺰﻯ‪ ،‬ﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﺳــﺘﻘﺒﺎﻝ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳــﻄﺢ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺩﻭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨــﺪ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻣﻀــﺎﻯ ﺗﻔﺎﻫﻤﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻤﻰ ﺁﺷﻨﺎﻳﻰ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﻧﺸﺴــﺖ ﺗﺠــﺎﺭﻯ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻟﺰﻯ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻡ ﻧﻮﺍﻣﺒﺮ ﺍﻣﺴــﺎﻝ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ ‪ 10‬ﻭ ‪ 11‬ﺁﺑﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﮔﺰﺍﺭ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﭼﻬﺎﺭﺷﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﺻﻨﺎﻑ‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫ﺑﻘﺎﻳـﺎﻯ ﻗﺪﻳﻤﻰﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺨﺖﺟﻤﺸـﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﮔﻮﺍﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻋﺎ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴـﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﺮﺑﺎﺯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻠﺰﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﻧﻜﺎﺕ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷـﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ؛ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﻧﻜﺎﺕ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷـﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺮﺁﻧﻮﺵ ﻣﻮﺳﻮﻯ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺑﺴـﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﻤﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺒﻮﻍ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫‪ bazzar@tejaratdaily.com‬ﺑـﺮﺍﻯ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪ ﺍﺧﺘﺼـﺎﺹ ﺑﺪﻫﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑـﻪ؛ ﺭﺧﺘﻜﻦ‪ ،‬ﮔﺮﻡﺧﺎﻧﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺧﺰﻳﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺍﻟﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﺒﺎﺭ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻭ‪ ...‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺷـﺨﺼﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻣﻮﺭ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﮔﻰ ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺬﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺣﻤﺎﻡ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺁﭘﺎﺭﺗﻤﺎﻥﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﻫﺎ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﺮﺩ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳـﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ ﻭ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳـﺎﻥ ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩﻳﻪ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﺩﺍﺭﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺳﻮﻧﺎ ﻭ ﻣﺎﺳﺎژ‪ ،‬ﻫﻢﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻧﺪﻛﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﻫـﺎ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﻭ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺣﻘﻴﻘـﺖ؛ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﺡ ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ ﻛـﺮﺩﻥ ﻳﺎﺭﺍﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺣﺎﻣﻞﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ‪ ،‬ﻓﺸـﺎﺭ ﺭﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺩﻭﭼﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰﻩﺍﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺘﺮ ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻨﺎﻑ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺷﻐﻞﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺬﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻓﺮﺍﻣﻮﺵ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﺩﺍﺭﻫــﺎ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺳــﻴﻠﻪ ﺻﺪﺍﻯ ﺑﻮﻗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺎﺥ‬ ‫ﺗﻬﻴــﻪ ﻣﻰﺷــﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣــﺮﺩﻡ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩﻧــﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺣﻤﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﺯ ﺷــﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ؛ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻮﻕ ﺩﻭ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﻨﺎ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺷﺴﺖﻭﺷــﻮ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌــﻪ ﻛﻨﻨــﺪ ﻭ ﻣﺪﻳــﺮ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺳﻴﺪﻣﻬﺪﻯ ﺳﺠﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪ »ﺍﻭﺳﺎﻯ ﺣﻤﺎﻡ« ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺯﻧﺎﻧﻪ ﺷﺪﻥ »ﺯﻥ ﺍﻭﺳﺎ«‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﻣﻴﺪﻥ ﻳﻚ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻴﭙﻮﺭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻯ ﺩﻋﻮﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺩﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣــﺎ ﭼــﻪ ﻛﺴــﺎﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﻫــﺎ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴــﺖ ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ؟‬ ‫»ﺗﻮﻧﺘﺎﺏ« ﺷــﺨﺼﻰ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﻪﺍﺵ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺣﻤﺎﻡ‪،‬‬ ‫ﮔــﺮﻡ ﻛــﺮﺩﻥ ﺁﺏ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴــﻦ ﺗﻤﻴﺰ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺣﻤــﺎﻡ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ‬ ‫»ﺩﻻﻙ« ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﺩﻯ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷــﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻴﺴﻪﻛﺸــﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺷﺴﺖﻭﺷﻮﻯ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻤﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺮﺍﺭﻣﻌﺎﺵ ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫»ﻣﺸــﺖﻭﻣﺎﻟﭽﻰ« ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺷﺎﻏﻞ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﻇﻴﻔﻪﺍﺵ ﻣﺸــﺖﻭﻣﺎﻝ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺍﻓــﺮﺍﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻤﺎﻡ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻭﻇﻴﻔﻪ‬ ‫»ﭘﺎﺩﻭ«ﻫــﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺟﻔﺖ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻛﻔﺶ ﺍﺷــﺨﺎﺹ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﺩﻭ ﻛﻔﺶ ﻣﺸــﺘﺮﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺳــﻜﻮ ﻣﻰﮔﺬﺍﺷﺖ ﻭ ﻳﻚ ﻟﻨﮓ‬ ‫ﺧﺸﻚ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺳﻜﻮ ﭘﻬﻦ ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻟﺨﺖ ﻣﻰﺷﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﭘﺎﺩﻭ ﻳﻚ ﻟﻨﮓ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻭ ﻣﻰﺩﺍﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﺸــﺘﺮﻯ ﻟﻨﮓ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺮ ﻣﻰﺑﺴﺖ ﻭ ﻟﺒﺎﺱﻫﺎﻳﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻟﻨﮓ ﻧﺨﺴﺖ ﻣﻰﭘﻴﭽﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻜﻮ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﻣﻰﺁﻣﺪ‪ .‬ﺣﻤﺎﻣﻰ ﻫﻢ ﻣﺎﻟﻚ ﺣﻤﺎﻡ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻤﺎﻡ ﺑﺮ ﻋﻬﺪﻩ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﭼـﺮﺍﻍ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪ ﺑـﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﻭﺷـﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻴــﺲ ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩﻳــﻪ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﺩﺍﺭﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺳــﻮﻧﺎ ﻭ ﻣﺎﺳــﺎژ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﭽــﻪ ﺗﺎﺳــﻴﺲ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳــﺪ‪ :‬ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺲ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﻧﻜﺎﺕ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﻫــﺎﻯ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩﻧــﺪ‪ .‬ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺑــﺰﺭگ ﺗﻬــﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﻗﺎﺟﺎﺭ ﭼﺮﺍﻍ ﻛﺴــﺐﻭﻛﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﻧﮕﻪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺪﻣﻬﺪﻯ ﺳﺠﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ ﺑﺎ »ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ«‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﻓﺮﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ :‬ﭘﻴﺎﻣﺒﺮ ﺍﺳﻼﻡ ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺎﻧﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷــﺘﻰ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ؛ ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺎﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﺎﻟﻴﻒ ﺩﻳﻨﻰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷــﺘﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯﺍﻳــﻦﺭﻭ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﻫــﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺴــﻠﻤﺎﻧﺎﻥ ﺟﺎﻳــﮕﺎﻩ ﺭﻓﻴﻌﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨــﺪ‪ :‬ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﺩﻭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻛﻠﻰ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻨﺪ؛‬ ‫ﻧﺨﺴــﺖ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﻭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻯ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ »ﻧﻤﺮﻩ« ﻣﻰﮔﻔﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﻤﺮﻩ ﻓﻀﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺷــﺨﺺ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳــﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺍﺣﺘﻰ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻧﺠﺎ ﺍﺳــﺘﺤﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻀــﺎﻯ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺟﺎﻳــﻰ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺯﻳــﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﺠﺎ ﺍﺳــﺘﺤﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺳﺠﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﺤﻤﺎﻡ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻮﺷﻴﺪﻧﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻨﻜﻰ ﭼﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺁﺏﺯﺭﺷﻚ‪ ،‬ﺁﻟﻮ‪ ،‬ﺯﺭﺩﺁﻟﻮ ﻭ‪ ...‬ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺳﻮﻡ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺣﻤﺎﻡ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺣﻤﺎﻡ ﻋﺮﻭﺳﻰ‪ ،‬ﺣﻨﺎﺑﻨﺪﺍﻥﻫﺎ ﻭ‪...‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﻫﺎ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻣﻰﺷﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺬﺷﺖ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﺮﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺭﻓﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻰ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﻛﻨــﺪ‪ :‬ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑــﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﻣﺸــﺘﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻟﺒﺎﺱﻫﺎﻯ ﺧــﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻣﻪﺩﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑــﻪ ﻣﻰﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺧــﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺳــﺘﺤﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ؛ ﺳــﭙﺲ ﻣﻨﺘﻈﺮ ﻛﻴﺴــﻪﻛﺶ ﻳﺎ ﻫﻤــﺎﻥ ﺩﻻﻙ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻣﺎﻧﺪﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻛﻴﺴــﻪﻛﺶ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻴﺴــﻪ ﺿﺨﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺭﻭﺷــﻮﺭ )ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﺳــﻔﻴﺪﺁﺏ( ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﻛﻴﺴــﻪ ﻣﻰﻛﺸــﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺟﺎﻣﻪﺩﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺸــﺘﺮﻯ ﻟﻨﮓ ﻣﻰﺁﻭﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺭﺿﺎﻳﺖ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻯ‬ ‫»ﻣﺸﺖﻭﻣﺎﻟﭽﻰ« ﺍﻭ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺎﺳﺎژ ﻣﻰﺩﺍﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺁﺏ ﻭ ﺁﺗﺶ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻬﻴﺎ ﻣﻰﺷﺪ؟‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻭﻯ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﺳــﺘﺤﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﻧﻮﺷــﻴﺪﻧﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻨﻜﻰ ﭼﻮﻥ ﺁﺏﺯﺭﺷﻚ‪ ،‬ﺁﻟﻮ‪ ،‬ﺯﺭﺩﺁﻟﻮ ﻭ‪...‬‬ ‫ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴــﺌﻮﻝ ﺻﻨﻔﻰ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﺳــﺦ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﺳــﺶ ﻛﻪ ﺁﺏ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﺮﻡ ﻣﻰﺷﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﻴــﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ :‬ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺏ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺳــﺘﺤﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩﻧــﺪ‪ .‬ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﮔﺮﻡ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺁﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ؛ ﺁﺏ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪ ﺑﻪﻭﺳــﻴﻠﻪ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻗﻴﺮ ﺷــﻞﺗﺮ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺎﺯﻭﺋﻴﻞ ﺳــﻔﺖﺗﺮ ﺑﻮﺩ )ﺩﺭ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﻧﻔﺖﻛﻮﺭﻩ ﻣﻰﮔﻔﺘﻨﺪ( ﮔﺮﻡ ﻣﻰﺷــﺪ؛ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺩ ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﻭﺩ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻳﮕﺎﻥ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺰﺍﺣﻤــﺖ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑــﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﻌــﺎﻝ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺧــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺯﻫﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪ ﻣﻰﺩﺍﻧﺴــﺖ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺁﻥ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺐ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺁﺏ ﺭﺍ ﮔﺮﻡ ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺬﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺳــﺠﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻓﻮﻝ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﺩﺍﺭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻴــﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﻛﻨــﺪ‪ :‬ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﻭ ﺳــﺎﺧﺖ ﺣﻤــﺎﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ؛‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﻫــﺎﻯ ﻋﻤﻮﻣــﻰ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﺮﺩ ﺧــﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳــﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻝﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 120‬ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﺸﻐﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﺩﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺳــﺮﻗﻔﻠﻰ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻣﻠﻜﻴﺖ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻛﺴﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻣــﺮﻭﺯ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻧﮕﺮﻓﺘﻪﺍﻧــﺪ ﻭ ﺍﮔــﺮ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻣــﺮﻭﺯ ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻣﺠﻮﺯ ﺗﻐﻴﻴــﺮ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﻯ ﻣﻠﻚ ﺧﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩﻳﻪ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﺩﺍﺭﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺳــﻮﻧﺎ ﻭ ﻣﺎﺳــﺎژ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻩ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﺎﻥ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﭼﺮﺍ ﺻﺎﺣﺒــﺎﻥ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻣﻠﻚ ‪ 500‬ﻳﺎ ‪ 1000‬ﻣﺘﺮﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﻛﻤﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻛﻨﺪ؟‬ ‫‪ 19‬ﻣﻬﺮ ‪1396‬‬ ‫‪ 20‬ﻣﺤﺮﻡ ‪1439‬‬ ‫‪ 11‬ﺍﻛﺘﺒﺮ ‪2017‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺩﻭﻡ ‪ /‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ‪ /277‬ﭘﻴﺎﭘﻰ ‪426‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻣﻠﻚ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪ ﻭﻗﻔﻰ ﺑﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺍﺳــﻤﺎﻋﻴﻞ ﺟﻌﻔــﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﻳﺐﺭﻳﻴﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻭﻝ ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩﻳــﻪ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑــﻪﺩﺍﺭﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺳــﻮﻧﺎ ﻭ ﻣﺎﺳــﺎژ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫»ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ« ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ :‬ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﻫــﺎ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻧﻤﻰﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ ﻭ ﺳﻮﺭﻳﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻳﺮ ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﺪﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺳــﺘﺎﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﻤﺎﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻧﻈﺎﻓﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻭﺳــﺘﺪﻫﺎ ﭘﻮﻝ ﻧﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﺭﺩﻭﺑﺪﻝ ﻧﻤﻰﺷــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦﺭﻭ ﺻﺎﺣﺒــﺎﻥ ﺣﻤﺎﻡﻫﺎﻯ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﺸــﺘﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻛﺎﻻ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺬﺷــﺖ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﺩﻭﺑﺪﻝ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﭘﻮﻝ ﻧﻘﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﺎﻥ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﺷﺪ‪.‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﻣﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺣﻤﺎﻡﻫﺎ ﻭﻗﻔﻰ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺯﻳــﺮﺍ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﻫﺎ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺗﻜﺎﻟﻴﻒ ﺩﻳﻨﻰ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﭘﺲ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻉ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﺮﺩ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺷــﻮﺍﺭ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﮔﺮﻡ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﺁﺏ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨــﺎﺯﻝ ﻣﺴــﻜﻮﻧﻰ ﺑﻴــﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﻛﻨــﺪ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﺁﺏ‬ ‫ﺑﻪﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺳﻔﻴﺪ ﮔﺮﻡ ﻣﻰﺷﺪ؛ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺳﻔﻴﺪ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺑﻮ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﺩﺷــﻮﺍﺭ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑــﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺢ ﻣﻰﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺳﺘﺤﻤﺎﻡ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﻫﺎ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺟﻌﻔﺮﻯ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﻣﻌﻤــﺎﺭﻯ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ :‬ﺣﻤﺎﻡﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﻖ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﺪﻧﺪ؛ ﺗﺎ ﺍﻳﻨﭽﻨﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻣــﺎﻯ ﺁﺏ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻧﺮﻭﺩ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻰ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺳﻘﻒ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪﺷﻜﻞ ﮔﻨﺒﺪﻯ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ؛ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻧﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺣﻤﺎﻡ ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺖ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺳﺘﺤﻤﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺎﻯ ﮔﺮﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻓﻀــﺎﻯ ﺧﻨﻚﺗﺮﻯ ﺷــﻮﻧﺪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺳــﻂ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪ ﺣﻮﺽ‬ ‫ﺁﺏ ﺳــﺮﺩﻯ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴــﺌﻮﻝ ﺻﻨﻔﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﻛــﺮﺩ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﺣﻤﺎﻡﻫﺎﻯ ﻋﻤﻮﻣــﻰ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺳﻮﻡ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺣﻤﺎﻡ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺣﻤﺎﻡ ﻋﺮﻭﺳﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺣﻨﺎﺑﻨﺪﺍﻥﻫﺎ ﻭ‪ ...‬ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﻫﺎ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻣﻰﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺬﺷﺖ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﺮﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺭﻓﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺍﻓﻮﻝ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﺩﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪55‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺑــﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺍﻓﻮﻝ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﺩﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪55‬‬ ‫ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﺷــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ :‬ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﻣﻨﺎﺯﻝ ﻣﺴــﻜﻮﻧﻰ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻛﺸﻰ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺳﺮﺁﻏﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻓﻮﻝ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﺩﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 57‬ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩﻳﻪ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﺩﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺗﻬــﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪1400‬‬ ‫ﻋﻀﻮ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻫﻢ ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺑﻪ ‪ 120‬ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺧــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﻫﺎ ﻣﺸــﺘﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺣﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ :‬ﺳــﺮﺑﺎﺯﺍﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﮔــﺮﺍﻥ ﻓﺼﻠــﻰ ﻭ ﻛﺴــﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺷﻬﺮﺳــﺘﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻛﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﻳــﺎ ﭘﺰﺷــﻜﻰ ﺑــﻪ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻤﺎﻋﻴﻞ ﺟﻌﻔﺮﻯ ﻣﻰﺁﻳﻨــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺸــﺘﺮﻳﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﻫــﺎ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻓــﺮﺍﺩ ﺁﻧﻘﺪﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻀﺎﻋــﺖ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧــﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻫﺘﻞ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻤﺎﻥﺧﺎﻧــﻪ ﺍﺟﺎﺭﻩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ؛‬ ‫ﺑﻪﻫﻤﻴــﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻤﻴﺰ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻤﺎﻡﻫﺎﻯ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﺷﻬﺮﻧﺸﻴﻨﻰ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻮﻝ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﺩﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺷــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ :‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻘﺪﺭ ﺯﻭﺩ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻣﺘﻮﺟﻪ ﻧﺸﺪﻳﻢ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻣﺸــﺎﻏﻞ ﺭﻭﻧــﻖ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳــﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ ﻭ ﻣﺸــﺎﻏﻞ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺷــﺪﻧﺪ‪.‬ﻧﺎﻳﺐﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩﻳﻪ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﺩﺍﺭﺍﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺳــﻮﻧﺎ ﻭ ﻣﺎﺳــﺎژ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﻫــﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﻄﺢ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﻛﻨــﺪ‪ :‬ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﻫﺎ ﺗﺎ ﺩﻯ‬ ‫‪ 1389‬ﻛــﻪ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺭﺍﻳﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻧﺸــﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺑﺪﻯ ﻧﺪﺍﺷــﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﺮﭼﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎ ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺯﮔﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺨﺘﻰ ﻣﻰﮔﺬﺭﺍﻧﺪﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻥ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻳﺎﺭﺍﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﺪﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺭﻓﺘﻦ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﺩﺍﺭﻯ؛ ﭼﺮﺍﻍ‬ ‫ﻛﺴﺐﻭﻛﺎﺭ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﻫﺎ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻏﺎﻟﺐ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷــﺪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﻭﺩﻝ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺁﻳﺎ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻌﻄﻴﻞ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻳﺎ ﻧﻜﻨﻨﺪ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﻋﺪ ﺷــﺪﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﻮﺩ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﭘﻴــﺶ ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﻧﺮﻓﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﭘﻰ ﭼﺎﺭﻩﺍﻯ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻰ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﺩﺍﺭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﻯ ﺣﻤﺎﻡﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﺪﻳﻤﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺳــﺘﻮﺭﺍﻥ ﺳﻨﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ ﭼﺎﻳﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﻭ‪ ...‬ﺳــﻌﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﻧﮕﻪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﭼﺮﺍﻍ ﻛﺴﺐﻭﻛﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻧــﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﺮﭼﻨﺪﻛﻪ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﻯ ﺣﻤﺎﻡﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﺪﻳﻤﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﺎﻟﻜﻴﺖ ﺳﺮﻗﻔﻠﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺗﻰ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ؛ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻯ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﺨﻦ ﺁﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 1320‬ﺯﻣﺎﻧــﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻮﻑ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩﻳﻪ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﺩﺍﺭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﺛﺒﺖ ﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺳــﻤﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺸــﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣــﻮﺯﻩ‪ ،‬ﺣﻤﺎﻡﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺳــﻨﺘﻰ ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻨﺪ؛ ﻧﺨﺴــﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺠــﺎﺩ ﺁﺭﺍﻣﺶ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣــﺮﺩﻡ ﻭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻧﻈﺎﻓﺖ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷــﺖ ﺁﻧﻬــﺎ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑــﺎ ﮔﺬﺭ ﺯﻣــﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻥ ﺣﻤﺎﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻓﻮﻝ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﻫــﺎ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺷــﺪ ﺗــﺎ ﺁﻧﺠﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻣــﺮﻭﺯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻬﺮﺳــﺖ ﻣﺸﺎﻏﻠﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺴﺐﻭﻛﺎﺭﺷﺎﻥ ﺭﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺤﻼﻝ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺯﻳــﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠــﻪ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻳــﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻋﺮﺻــﻪ ﺗﺠــﺎﺭﺕ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴــﻦ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺮﻧﺸــﻴﻨﻰ ﺑﺎﻋــﺚ ﺗﻐﻴﻴــﺮ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺒﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺳــﻨﺘﻰ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﺪﻳﻘﻰ‬ ‫ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻐﻴﻴــﺮﺍﺕ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻀﻮ ﻫﻴﺎﺕ ﺭﻳﻴﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﺎﻡ ﻧﺨﺴــﺖ ﺑﺮ ﺫﻭﻕ ﻭ ﺳــﻠﻴﻘﻪ ﺍﺗﺎﻕ ﺍﺻﻨﺎﻑ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺮﻑﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﮔﺬﺍﺷــﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪﺳــﻤﺖ ﻣﺼﺮﻑﮔﺮﺍﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺳــﻮﻕ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺗﺮﺩﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﻣﺼــﺮﻑ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺗﺸــﺪﻳﺪ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﺗﻨــﻮﻉ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣــﺎﺕ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﭘﻴــﺪﺍ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻔﻰ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﺑﮕﻮﻯ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺮﻑﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦﺭﻭ ﻣﺎﻝﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻓﺮﻭﺷﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺭﺍﻩﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻯ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻨﺠــﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﮕﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﭼﻪ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻗﻰ‬ ‫ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻔﻰ ﻛــﻪ ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﺑﻪﻋﻨــﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺯﻭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩ؟ ﺗﺮﺩﻳﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫــﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻔﻰ ﻫﻤــﮕﺎﻡ ﻭ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺭﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻧﻜﻨﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩﻣﺪﺕ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﺭﻓﺖ‪ .‬ﭼﻨﺎﻧﭽﻪ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﻧﺸــﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺩﻩ؛ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺳــﺘﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺸﺎﻏﻠﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﻳﺎ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺛﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻭ ﺳﻮﻯ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﻜــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻨﻮﻓــﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻤــﺮﺍﻩ ﺑــﺎ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻣــﺮﺩﻡ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻫﻴــﺖ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻭ ﻣﺴــﻴﺮ ﻛﺴــﺐﻭﻛﺎﺭﺵ ﺭﺍ ﻋــﻮﺽ ﻛــﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩﻳــﻪ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﺩﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎﻳﻰﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺁﭘﺎﺭﺗﻤﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺴــﻜﻮﻧﻰ ﻓﻀﺎﻳــﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﻤﺎﻡ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ‬ ‫ﺷــﺪ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻓﺘﻦ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﺴﺎﺱ ﻧﻤﻰﺷــﺪ ﺑﻪﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻫﻤﭽﻨــﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺍﻳﻔﺎﻯ ﻧﻘﺶ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪﺳــﻤﺖ ﺭﺍﻩﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻯ ﺳــﻮﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺟﻜﻮﺯﻯ ﻋــﻮﺽ ﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺻﻨﻒ ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ ﻧﺸــﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻨﻮﻓــﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻨﺪ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩﻳﻪ ﺑﺨﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺘﻰ‪ ،‬ﺁﻻﺳــﻜﺎﻳﻰ ﻭ ﻧﺪﺍﻓﺎﻥ ﻭ‪ ...‬ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻔﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺎ ‪ 5‬ﺳــﺎﻝ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺁﻥ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﻧﻴﺴﺘﻴﻢ ﺻﻨﻒ ﺁژﺍﻧﺲﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻔﻨﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺍﭘﻠﻴﻜﻴﺸــﻦ‬ ‫ﺁژﺍﻧﺲﻫــﺎﻯ ﺁﻧﻼﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳــﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ ﻭﻟﻰ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫــﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻔﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺟﺪﻯ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺧــﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺭﻭﺯ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺯﻳــﺮﺍ ﺑﻰﺗﻮﺟﻬﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷــﺪ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻔﻰ ﺑــﺎ ﮔﺬﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺎﺷــﻴﻪ ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻩ ﺷــﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﮕﺎﺭﻧــﺪﻩ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺟﺪﻯ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻧﺸــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺘﻰ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻠﺰﻡ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻧﻜﻨﻨﺪ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺗﺮﺩﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻳﻨــﺪﻩ ﻧﻪﭼﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﻋﻤﻴﻘﻰ ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻪ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺷﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻧﺸــﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺴﺐﻭﻛﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻧﻴﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺎﺯﻯ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻛﻮﺩ ﺣﺎﻛﻢ ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻏﻠﺒﻪ ﻭ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻯ ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻳﺎﻥ ﺳﻨﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﺗﺐ ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻔﻰ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﮔﻔﺖ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﻴﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﺭﻭﺯ ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮓ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﻛﺴﺐﻭﻛﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﭘﺲ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﻫﻤﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻔﻰ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻯ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻗﺪﻡ ﺑﮕﺬﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺗﺎﻕ ﺍﺻﻨﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺡ ﺭﺟﻴﺴﺘﺮﻯ ﺗﻠﻔﻦ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺍﺯ ‪ 28‬ﻣﻬﺮ ﻛﻠﻴﺪ ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺴﺖ ﻫﻢﺍﻧﺪﻳﺸــﻰ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺭﺟﻴﺴــﺘﺮﻯ ﺗﻠﻔﻦ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ؛ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻥ ﺍﺗﺎﻕ ﺍﺻﻨﺎﻑ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﻧﻈﺮﻯ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺳﻪﺷــﻨﺒﻪ ‪ 18‬ﻣﻬﺮ ﺑــﺎ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﻣﺤﻤﺪﻣﻬــﺪﻯ ﻏﻔﻮﺭﻳــﺎﻥ ﭘﻴﺮﻧﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻭﺭﻧﺪ ﻛــﻪ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺟﻨﺲ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻋﻀــﻮ ﺍﺗﺎﻕ ﺍﺻﻨﺎﻑ ﻛﺮﺝ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺸــﻴﻦ ﺍﻛﺒﺮﻯ ﺣــﺪﺍﺩ ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺑﺎﻳﻞ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻳﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺳــﺘﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺎﺑﺮﺍﺗﻰ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﻰ ﻟﻮﺍﺯﻡ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻰ ﻣﺸﻬﺪ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺳﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘــﻪ ﻏﻔﻮﺭﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻠﺴــﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻨﭽﻨﻴﻨﻰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩﻳﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎﻥﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺻﻨﻒ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺎﺑﺮﺍﺗﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻟﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻳﻰ ﻭ ﺑﻪﺻــﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﻜﺘﻮﺏ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﻴــﺎﺭ ﻣﺠﺮﻳﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﺗﺎﻕ ﺍﺻﻨﺎﻑ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺮﮔﺰﺍﺭ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺡ ﺭﺟﻴﺴــﺘﺮﻯ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻧﺸﻮﺩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭﻗﻄــﻊ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃــﺮﺡ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺸــﻜﻞ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺧــﻮﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻋﻀﻮ ﺍﺗﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻏﻔﻮﺭﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺟﻠﺴــﺎﺕ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺳــﺘﺎﺩ ﻣﺒﺎﺭﺯﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻗﺎﭼــﺎﻕ ﻛﺎﻻ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺑﺮﮔﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﺤﻤﺪﻣﻬﺪﻯ ﻏﻔﻮﺭﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﺻﻨﺎﻑ ﻛﺮﺝ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔﺖ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺧﻮﺷــﺒﺨﺘﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﻢﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻳﻢ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﻧﺘﻮﺍﻧﺴﺘﻴﻢ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻰ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﻣﻮﺍﻓﻖ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻳﻰ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﺡ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪﺧﻮﺑــﻰ ﺍﺟــﺮﺍ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﻌــﺎﻝ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﻃﺮﺡ‬ ‫ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺗﺮﺧﻴﺺ ﻛﺎﻻ ﮔﻔــﺖ‪ :‬ﺗﻼﺵ ﻛﺮﺩﻳــﻢ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﻣﻮﺑﺎﻳﻞ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻤﺮﻙ‬ ‫ﺭﺟﻴﺴﺘﺮﻯ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺗﺮﺧﻴﺺ ﻛﺎﻻ‪ ،‬ﻣﺠﻮﺯﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻘﺮﺭﺍﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺕ‪ ،‬ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ﺗﺴﻠﻂ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻻﻳﻦ ﺳــﺒﺰ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﺩ ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺯﻣــﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﻨﺲ ﺗﺮﺧﻴﺺ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻥ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺗﻠﻔﻦ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺘﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺎﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻨﻬﺎﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻤﺮﻙ ﺧﻼﺻﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﭘﻴﺶﺭﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻏﻔﻮﺭﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮﺍﻥ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻣﻮﺑﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺭﺟﻴﺴﺘﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ :‬ﻫﻢﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﺟﻨﺲ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺴــﺌﻮﻻﻥ ﺳــﺘﺎﺩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻭﺭﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺟﻨﺲ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺟــﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﺴﺘﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺮﺩﻳﺪ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴــﻢ ﺍﻧﺤﺼﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﺗﻠﻔــﻦ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﻭﺩ ﻭ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﮔﻮﺷــﻰ ﺗﻠﻔﻦ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻰ ﻭ ﺣﻘﻮﻗﻰ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ‪ 30‬ﺩﺭﺻــﺪﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺎﺗﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺩﺭﺳﺖ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺳﺒﺪ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩﻫﺎ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺗﻠﻔﻦ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺎﻻﻯ‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺧﺎﻃﺮﻧﺸــﺎﻥ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺧﻂ ﺳــﺒﺰ ﮔﻤﺮﻙ ﺩﺭﺳــﺖ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻟﻮﻛﺲ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺎﻻﻯ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺟﻨﺲ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻣﺸــﻜﻞ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻋﻀﻮ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﻰ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺍﻧﺤﺼﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﺗﻠﻔﻦ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻔــﻦ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺍﺗﺎﻕ ﺍﺻﻨــﺎﻑ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺟﻠﺴــﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺸــﻴﻦ ﺍﻛﺒﺮﻯ ﺣﺪﺍﺩ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﻛﺴﺒﻪ ﺻﻨﻒ ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻒ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺎﺕ ﺧﺮﺩﻩﻓﺮﻭﺷﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﺑﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺎﻥ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ؛ ﻣﺘﺎﺳــﻔﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺷﺘﺒﺎﻩ ﺍﻓﺸﻴﻦ ﺍﻛﺒﺮﻯ ﺣﺪﺍﺩ ﺳﻮﺩ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻧﺪﻙ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻗﺎﭼﺎﻗﭽﻰ ﻣﻮﺑﺎﻳﻞ ﺷــﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﻧﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘــﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺪﺍﺑﻴﺮ ﻋﻠــﻰ ﻓﺎﺿﻠﻰ ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﺍﺗﺎﻕ ﺍﺻﻨﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺑﮕﻮﻳــﻢ ﻛﻪ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺘﻮﻟﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻣﻮﺭ ﺗﻮﻗــﻊ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺟﻨﺲ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻒ ﺣﻞ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﻃﺮﺡ ﺭﺟﻴﺴــﺘﺮﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻛﺴﺒﻪ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﺴــﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﭘﻴﭽﻴﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻃﺮﺣﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ‪ 28‬ﻣﻬﺮ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺩ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺭﻭﺷﻨﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺗﺮﺳﻴﻢ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻳﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻛﺒﺮﻯ ﺣﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﺎﭼﺎﻗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺒﺎﺩﻯ ﺭﺳﻤﻰ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻧﺸﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩﻳﻪ ﺩﺳــﺘﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺎﺑﺮﺍﺗﻰ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﻰ ﻟﻮﺍﺯﻡ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻰ ﻣﺸــﻬﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ‪ 29‬ﻣﻬﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﭘﻴﺎﻣﻚ ﺍﺭﺳــﺎﻝ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻇﺮﻑ ﻳﻚﻣﺎﻩ ﻓﺮﺻﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻓــﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﻫﻢﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 400‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻧﻔﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻒ ﺩﺳــﺘﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺎﺑﺮﺍﺗﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻓﺮﻭﺷﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺗﻜﻠﻴﻒ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﻰ ﻭ ﻟﻮﺍﺯﻡ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻰ ﻣﺸﻐﻮﻝ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻛﺒﺮﻯ ﺣﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﭼﻬﺎﺭﺷﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫‪ 19‬ﻣﻬﺮ ‪1396‬‬ ‫‪ 20‬ﻣﺤﺮﻡ ‪1439‬‬ ‫‪ 11‬ﺍﻛﺘﺒﺮ ‪2017‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺩﻭﻡ ‪ /‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ‪ /277‬ﭘﻴﺎﭘﻰ ‪426‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﺯﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺎﺭ ﻭ ﭘﻮﺩﻫﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺩﻭ ﺭﻭ ﺑﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺶ ﺭﺳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺗﺨﺖﺟﻤﺸﻴﺪ ﻣﻰﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﭘﺎﻳﮕﺎﻩ ﻣﻴﺮﺍﺙ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺗﺨﺖﺟﻤﺸــﻴﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺳــﻜﻦ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺑﺴﺖ ﭘﻠﻪﺍﻯ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻮﻃﻪ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﻰ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺭﺳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺧﺒــﺮ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻭ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴــﻴﺮ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﭘﺮﻭﻧﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺛﺒﺖ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﭘﻴﻮﺳــﺘﻦ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺭﺳــﺘﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺨﺖ ﺟﻤﺸﻴﺪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺍﻳﺮﻧﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﺴﻌﻮﺩ ﺭﺿﺎﻳﻰﻣﻨﻔﺮﺩ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻛﺮﺩ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺳــﻜﻦ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ﻣﺤﻮﻃــﻪ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﻰ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺭﺳــﺘﻢ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺑﺴــﺖ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺘــﻰ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺁﺭﺍﻣﮕﺎﻩ ﺧﺸــﺎﻳﺎﺭ ﺑــﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺸــﻴﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﻣﺮﻣﺘﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﺳﻜﻦﻟﻴﺰﺭ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺵ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﻛﺎﻣــﻞ ﺑﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﺤﻮﻃﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺭﺳﺘﻢ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻗﺖ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺿﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺳــﻜﻦ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺭﺳــﺘﻢ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﺛــﺮ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻃﺮﺡﻫــﺎﻯ ﻣﺮﻣﺘﻰ ﻭ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺘﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺭﺍﺋــﻪ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷــﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﺭﺗﻘــﺎﻯ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﻭ ﻣﺮﻣﺖ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺎﺭﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺭﻩ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﻭﻧﺪﻩ »ﺛﺒﺖ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺶ ﺭﺳــﺘﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺨﺖﺟﻤﺸــﻴﺪ« ﺭﺍ ﮔﺎﻣﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺭﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻠﻮ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻫــﺪ ﺑﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺭﺿﺎﻳﻰﻣﻨﻔﺮﺩ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ ﺳــﻜﻮﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺘﻰ ﺁﺭﺍﻣﮕﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺧﺸﺎﻳﺎﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ‪ 60‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﻛﻪ ﭘﻠﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﮔﺎﻣﻰ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺴــﻴﺮ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻳﻰ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺘﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺮﻣﺘﻰ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﻧﻘﺶ‬ ‫ﺭﺳــﺘﻢ ﺑﺮﺷﻤﺮﺩ ﻭ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺎﻩ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻣﺰﻳﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻰ ﻧﻘﻮﺵ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺁﺭﺍﻣﮕﺎﻩ ﺧﺸــﺎﻳﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻻﻯ ﻧﮕﺎﺭﻩﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺁﺳﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻢ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷــﺖ ﻭ ﻫﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﻃﺮﺡ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﻭ ﻣﺮﻣﺖ ﻣﻔﻴﺪ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﻜﺲ‪ :‬ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﺟﻴﻢ ﻧﻮﻋﻰ ﻧﺴــﺎﺟﻰ ﺳﻨﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﺎﺭﻧﻤﺎ ﻭ‬ ‫ﭘﻮﺩﻧﻤــﺎ ﺑﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺡﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺟﺎﺟﻴﻢ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺯﻳﺮﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﺵ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺭﺧﺘﺨﻮﺍﺏﭘﻴﭻ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺘﺮﺍ ﺑﻰﺑﺎﻛﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﻛﻮچ ﻋﺸﺎﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺟﺎﺟﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺘﻪﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﻭ ﺟﺎﺑﻪﺟﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﮔﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻟــﻮﺍﺯﻡ ﻭ ﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﻻﭘﻮﺵ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻡ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺟﺎﺟﻴﻢ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻛﺮﺳﻰ ﻭ ﺭﺧﺘﺨﻮﺍﺏﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺍﺗﺎﻕ ﻣﻰﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻧﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺭﺧﺘﺨﻮﺍﺏ ﭘﻴﭻ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺣﺘــﻰ ﺭﻭﻳﻪ ﻟﺤﺎﻑ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺣﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺧــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺳــﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﺟﺎﺟﻴــﻢ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﭼﺸﻢﺭﻭﺷــﻨﻰ ﻭ ﺟﻬﻴﺰﻳﻪ ﻧﻮﻋﺮﻭﺳــﺎﻥ ﻫﺪﻳﻪ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﺟﺎﺟﻴﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺒﺐ ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻰ ﻭ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﺰ ﺁﻥ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ »ﺟﺎﺟﻴﻢﺑﺎﻓﺖ« ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﭘﺸﻢ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﺁﻥ ﺷﺒﻴﻪ ﮔﻠﻴﻢ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ‬ ‫ﻛــﻪ ﺟﺎﺟﻴﻢ ﺩﺭ ‪ 4‬ﺗﺨﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﻓﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻫﻢ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻭ ﺩﻭﺧﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﺟﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﺩﺳــﺘﮕﺎﻩﺩﺍﺭ )ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺟﺎﺟﻴﻢﺑﺎﻓﻰ( ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻘﻰ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺟﺎﺟﻴﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻳﻪ ﻭ ﺩﻭ ﺭﻭﻳﻪ ﺑﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻠﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﮔﻠﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﮔﺎﻥ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﺟﻴﻢﺑﺎﻓﻰ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻯ ﺭﺍﻣﻴﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻯ ﻛﺮﺩﺧﻮ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺑﻮﻣﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺤﻠﻰ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻥ ﮔﻠﺴــﺘﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺗﺎﻟﺶ‪ ،‬ﺍﺭﺩﺑﻴﻞ ﻭ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻥ ﻛﺮﺩﺳﺘﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺰ ﺟﺎﺟﻴﻢﺑﺎﻓﻰ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳــﺘﻰ ﺭﺍﻳﺞ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ ﻭ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﺮﻏﻮﺑــﻰ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻭﺭ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻌــﺎﻻﻥ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨــﺪﺍﻥ ﺟﺎﺟﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻓﻰ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷــﻐﻞ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺷــﻐﻞ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﺁﻥ ﺍﻣﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻌﺎﺵ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﻓﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﺟﺎﺟﻴﻢﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺧﺮﻳﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺳــﭙﺲ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺟﺮﺕ ﺑﺎﻓﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺟﺎﺟﻴﻢ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻣﺘﺮﺍژ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻟﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻓﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺟﺎﺟﻴﻢﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﻣﺘﺮﻯ ‪ 20‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 30‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﻓﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺧﺎﻧﮕﻰ ﺧﺮﻳﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻭ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻧﺮﺥﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﻣﻰﺭﺳﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﻓﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺟﺎﺟﻴﻢ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺗﻰ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﻭﺷــﻦ ﻧﮕﻪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﭼﺮﺍﻍ ﻓﺮﻭﺷﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎ ﻳﺎ ﺯﻧﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻧﮕﻪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﻛﺴﺐ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺧﺎﻧﮕﻰ ﺑﺎﻓﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺷــﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺳﻮﺩ ﺍﻧﺪﻛﻰ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺗﺎﺧﻴﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻛﺴــﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺗﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﮔﺮﻳﺒﺎﻥ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺭﺍ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﺼــﻮﻻﺕ ﻧﻴﺰ ‪ 9‬ﺗــﺎ ‪ 10‬ﻣﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺒﺎﺭﻫــﺎ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﺑﺮﺳﻨﺪ؛ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺮ ﺟﺎﺟﻴﻢﺑﺎﻓﻰ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺗﺎﺭ ﻭ ﭘﻮﺩﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﻭ ﺭﻭ ﺑﺎﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ؛ ﺭﺍﻫﻰ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﺟﺰ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻧﺴﺎﺟﻰ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺭﻧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺯﻳﺮﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳـﺘﻰ‪ ،‬ﺯﻳﺮﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻯ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺍﺳـﺘﺎﻥ ﺁﺫﺭﺑﺎﻳﺠﺎﻥﺷـﺮﻗﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳـﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨـﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳـﻦ ﺯﻳﺮﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺷـﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﺭﻭﺯﻫﺎ ﻭﺭﻧﻰ ﻓـﺮﻭﺵ ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻧﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻧﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺳـﻬﻢ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺷـﻜﻞ ﭼﺸـﻤﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﻛﺎﻫﺶﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﺒﺎ ﺭﺿﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫‪ expo@tejaratdaily.com‬ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺴـﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺩﺳـﺖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺒﺎﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻙ ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺭﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺑﻮﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻣﺤﻠﻰ ﻋﺸـﺎﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺁﺫﺭﺑﺎﻳﺠﺎﻥ ﮔﺮﻩ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻋﺸﺎﻳﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳـﻖ ﺑﺎﻓـﺖ ﻭ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﻭﺭﻧـﻰ ﺭﻭﺯﮔﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﮔﺬﺭﺍﻧﻨـﺪ ﻭ ﺣﻤﺎﻳـﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺗﻘﻮﻳـﺖ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺑﻮﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺎﻳﺮﻧﺸـﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺯﺍﺩﮔﺎﻩ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﻭﺭﻧﻰ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ »ﻗﺮﻩﺑﺎﻍ« ﺁﺫﺭﺑﺎﻳﺠﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺷﻮﺭﻭﻯ ﺳﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﺛﺮ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ ﻭ ﻋﺸﻴﺮﻩﺍﻯ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺗﺮﺩﺩﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭﻩ ﺭﻭﺩﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﺭﺱ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪﺗﺪﺭﻳﺞ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺍﺭﺳﺒﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﻼﺕ ﻭ ﻋﺸﺎﻳﺮ ﺩﺷﺖ ﻣﻐﺎﻥ ﺭﺍﻳﺞ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳـﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﺮ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﻓـﺖ »ﮔﻠﻴﻢﻳﻚﺭﻭ« ﻳـﺎ »ﻭﺭﻧﻰ« ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﻴﺴـﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻤﻬـﻮﺭﻯ ﺁﺫﺭﺑﺎﻳﺠﺎﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎﻝﺷـﺮﻕ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺭﻭﺍﺝ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻡ »ﺳـﻮﻣﺎﻙ« ﻳﺎ »ﺳﻮﻣﻪ« ﻣﺸﻬﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ؛ ﻫﻨﺮ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻳﻪ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﻫﻨﺮ ﺩﺳﺖﺑﺎﻓﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺑﻮﻣﻰ ﺁﺫﺭﺑﺎﻳﺠﺎﻥ ﺷﺮﻗﻰ ﻧﺼﻒ ﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺭﻛﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ »ﻭﺭﻧﻰ« ﺩﺭ ﻛﻤﻴﻦ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻋﺸﺎﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻭﺭﻧــﻰ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻓــﺮﻭﺵ ﻭﺭﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻭﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺖ ﭼﺸﻤﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻧﺖ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺮﺍﺙﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕــﻰ‪ ،‬ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳــﺘﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﻨﺮ‪ -‬ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺣﻤﺎﻳــﺖ ﻛﻨــﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻈﻴﻢ ﻣﺮﺍﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻧﻴــﺰ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﺳﻴﺐﺷﻨﺎﺳــﻰ ﻭ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻦ ﺭﺍﻫــﻜﺎﺭ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻋﻈﻴﻢ ﻣﺮﺍﺩﻯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻭﺭﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ ﺑﺎ »ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ« ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﻭﺭﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻋﻰ ﻛﻔﭙﻮﺵ ﺩﺳﺘﺒﺎﻑ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻥ ﺯﻳﺮﻧﻈﺮ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻗﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺕ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻴﺮﺍﺙﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ‪ ،‬ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳــﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻛﻔﭙﻮﺵ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺁﺫﺭﺑﺎﻳﺠﺎﻥﺷــﺮﻗﻰ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﺮﺑﺎﺯ ﻳﻜــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺯﻳﺮﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨــﺪﻩ ﺗﺒﺮﻳﺰﻯ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤــﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻳﺮﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯ ﻭ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﻣﻦ » ﻭﺭﻧﻰ « ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺮﻯ ‪ 111‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﻣﻰﺭﺳﺎﻧﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻧﺨﺴﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻭﺍﺳــﻄﻪ ﻳﺎ ﻓﺮﻭﺷﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﻰﺭﺳﺪ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺧﺮﻳﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻭ ﺩﺭﺑــﺎﺭﻩ ﺑــﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻓــﺮﻭﺵ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﻓــﺮﻭﺵ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﭼﺸــﻤﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺼﻒ‬ ‫ﻫﻢ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﻭﺭﻧﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺎﺭﺍﺕﻣﺘﺤﺪﻩﻋﺮﺑــﻰ‪ ،‬ﺁﺫﺭﺑﺎﻳﺠــﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩﻳﻢ ﺍﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺭﻧﻰ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻔﺮ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﺩﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺳﻔﺎﺭﺵ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻓﻨﺪﮔﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﺎﺯﻝ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨــﺪ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺣــﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 150‬ﺑﺎﻓﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺳﻔﺎﺭﺵ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺧﺮﻳﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻟﻰ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺪﺭﻥ‬ ‫ﻓــﺮﻭﺵ ﻭﺭﻧﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﺍﻯ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻫﺮﺳــﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﭼــﺎﺭ ‪ 60‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺧﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺩﭘــﻮ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨــﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻣﻴﺪ ﺁﻧﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﺁﻳﻨــﺪﻩ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﺑﮕﺬﺍﺭﻧــﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺭﻛــﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺭﻧــﺞ ﻣﻰﺑﺮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺯﻧﺪﮔــﻰ ﻣﺪﺭﻥ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻯ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺳــﺮﺍﻣﻴﻚ ﺳﺮ ﻧﻤﻰﺧﻮﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺭﻥ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻯ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﮔﻠﻴﻢ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺁﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﺵﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺳﺘﺒﺎﻑ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐﺗﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺟــﺎﻥ ﻣﺤﻤﺪﺣﺴــﻴﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨــﺪﻩ ﻭﺭﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺁﺫﺭﺑﺎﻳﺠﺎﻥﺷــﺮﻗﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﺿﻴــﺢ ﻭﺭﻧــﻰ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔــﻮ ﺑــﺎ‬ ‫»ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ« ﮔﻔــﺖ‪ :‬ﻭﺭﻧــﻰ ﻧﻮﻋﻰ ﮔﻠﻴﻢ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺸــﻢ ﻭ ﺍﺑﺮﻳﺸﻢ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻴﻮﻩﺍﻯ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﻧﻰ ﻧﻮﻋﻰ ﻛﻔﭙﻮﺵ ﺩﺳﺘﺒﺎﻑ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻥ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﺑﺎﻗﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺕ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻴﺮﺍﺙﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ‪ ،‬ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻪﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺳﺒﻚ ﺧﺎﺻﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ‪ ،‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭﺭﻧﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺭﺍ ﺣﻮﺯﻩﺍﻯ ﺟﺪﺍﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﮔﻠﻴﻢ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﺳﺖ ﺑﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺳﻬﻤﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﻛﻞ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯﺭﮔﺎﻧﻰ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻴﺮﺍﺙ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ‪ ،‬ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺳــﺘﻰ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ‪ ،‬ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺳﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‪ 4‬ﻣﺎﻩ ﻧﺨﺴــﺖ ﺍﻣﺴــﺎﻝ ﺑﺎ ‪ 45,4‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺭﺷــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺒﺪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﭘﻮﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﻮﺩﻳﺎﻥ ﭼﻨﺪﻯ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻳﻴﻦ ﮔﺸﺎﻳﺶ ﻫﺠﺪﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻣﻠﻰ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﺍﺻﻔﻬﺎﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺳﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﺯ ‪ 250‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺩﻻﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﺍﺗﺮ ﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻟﻬﺎﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻫﻢ ‪ 111‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺍﺣﺘﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺯﻳﻮﺭ ﺁﻻﺕ ﺳﻨﺘﻰ ﻭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﭼﻤﺪﺍﻧﻰ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺷــﻚ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺳــﺘﻰ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﺗﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺷﺸﻢ‪ ،‬ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺩﻻﺭ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺭﺳﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻰ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺟﺎﺟﻴﻢ ﻭ ﻭﺭﻧﻰ ﻭ ﮔﻠﻴﻢ ﺳــﻬﻤﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻬﺮﺳــﺖ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺳــﺘﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﺮ ﭼﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻭﺭﻧﻰ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺷــﻤﺎﻝ ﻏﺮﺑﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺭﺍﻳﺞ ﺍﺳﺖ؛ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻠﻰ ‪ 3‬ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺁﺫﺭﺑﺎﻳﺠﺎﻥﺷﺮﻗﻰ‪،‬ﻓﺎﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﺭﺩﺑﻴﻞ ﺳﻬﻢ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺁﺫﺭﺑﺎﻳﺠﺎﻥﺷﺮﻗﻰ‪ :‬ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺁﺫﺭﺑﺎﻳﺠﺎﻥﺷﺮﻗﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻬﻢ ‪ 4‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻯ »ﻭﺭﻧﻰ« ﺍﺯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺮ ‪ 100‬ﺳــﺎﻟﻪ ﻭﺭﻧﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻬﺮﺳــﺖ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﭘﺴــﻨﺪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺍﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ؛ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫‪50‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻋﺸﺎﻳﺮ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 4‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 5‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻧﻔﺮ ﺗﺨﻤﻴﻦ ﺯﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻣﺮ ﻭﺭﻧﻰﺑﺎﻓﻰ ﻣﺸﻐﻮﻟﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪70‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﺍﺕ ﻭﺭﻧﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎﻳﻰ ﻭ ﺁﺳﻴﺎﻳﻰ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﺮﺿﺎ ﺩﺑﺎﻍ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﻠﻬﻰ ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﻣﻴﺮﺍﺙ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ‪ ،‬ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﺭﺩﺑﻴﻞ ‪ 30‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﺍﺕ ﻋﺸﺎﻳﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻭ ‪70‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﺍﺕ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﺁﺳــﻴﺎﻳﻰ ﻭ ﺣﺎﺷــﻴﻪ ﺧﻠﻴﺞ ﻓﺎﺭﺱ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ‪.‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭﺭﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻫﻢ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻓﻮﻕﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺭﺱ‪ :‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺯﻫﺮﺍ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺪﻯ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﻓﺎﺭﺱ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ‪ 6‬ﻣﺎﻩ ﻧﺨﺴﺖ ﺍﻣﺴﺎﻝ ‪ 4‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﻭ ‪ 324‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻭ ‪ 396‬ﺩﻻﺭ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 147‬ﺗﻦ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻓﺮﺵ ﻭ ﮔﺒﻪ‪ ،‬ﮔﻠﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺯﻳﻠﻮ‪ ،‬ﺳﺒﺪﺑﺎﻓﻰ ﻭ ﺣﺼﻴﺮﺑﺎﻓﻰ‪ ،‬ﺟﺎﺟﻴﻢ ﻭ ﭘﻴﭗ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ) ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﭼﻮﺏ( ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺩﺑﻴﻞ ‪ :‬ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﻣﻴﺮﺍﺙ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ‪ ،‬ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﺭﺩﺑﻴﻞ ﻫﻢ ﻣﻰ ﮔﻮﻳﺪ؛ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺳﺎﻻﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﮔﻠﻴﻢ ﻭ ﻭﺭﻧﻰ ﺍﺭﺩﺑﻴﻞ ‪ 40‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺭﻳﺎﻝ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭﺍﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺼﺪ ژﺍﭘﻦ‪،‬‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺟﺴــﺘﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺁﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎﺳــﺖ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻰ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻋﻠﻴﺮﺿﺎ ﺩﺑﺎﻍ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﻠﻬﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﮔﻠﻴﻢ ﺍﺭﺩﺑﻴﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻟﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ژﺍﭘﻦ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﺒﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﮔﺮﺟﺴــﺘﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺁﺫﺭﺑﺎﻳﺠﺎﻥ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻰ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺮﻛﺘﻰ ﻓﺮﺍﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬ﻭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ‪ 12‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﻓﻨﺪﻩ ﮔﻠﻴﻢ ﻭ ‪ 15‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﻓﻨﺪﻩ ﻭﺭﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺳﺎﻻﻧﻪ ‪ 460‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﮔﻠﻴﻢ ﻭ ‪ 600‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﻭﺭﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻰ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬ﺩﺑﺎﻍ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﻠﻬﻰ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﻣﻤﺘﺎﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﮔﻠﻴﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻠﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺳﺒﻚ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺻــﻰ ﻛــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻓــﺖ‪ ،‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭﺭﻧﻰ ﺑــﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗــﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺭﺍ ﺣﻮﺯﻩﺍﻯ ﺟﺪﺍﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﮔﻠﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺴﺖ‪ .‬ﺷــﻴﻮﻩ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻭﺭﻧﻰ ﺑﺎ ﮔﻠﻴﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺮﺩﺳﺘﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻔــﺎﻭﺕ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻭ ﺩﺭﺑــﺎﺭﻩ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻳﺮﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﮔﻠﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﮔﻠﻴﻢﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺒﻚ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﻛﺮﺩﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮ‬ ‫‪ 8‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺩﻻﺭ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﻭ ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻴﭻ ﻣﻨﺒــﻊ ﻣﻮﺛﻘﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻳﻴﺪ ﺁﻥ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺍﻳﺴﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﮕﺮﺩﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ‪ 4‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﻭ ‪ 924‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ‪ 5/6‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 94‬ﺑــﻮﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺁﻧﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺟﺬﺏ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﻣﺴــﺌﻮﻻﻥ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻥ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ ،95‬ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 8‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺩﻻﺭ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﮕﺮﺩﻯ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻛﺮﺩ ﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺟﻨﻮﺏ ﺁﺳﻴﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺟﺰﻭ ﺁﻥ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ 1220 ،‬ﺩﻻﺭ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﺩﻩﺗﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺷــﻜﻞ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ‬ ‫‪ 4‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﻭ ‪ 924‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ‪ ،‬ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 6‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﻻﺭ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻧﻪ ‪ 8‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺩﻻﺭ!‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺳــﺎﻻﻧﻪ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﮕــﺮﺩﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻧﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 2016‬ﻣﻴﻼﺩﻯ‬ ‫)‪ 95‬ـ ‪ (94‬ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﺎﺳــﺒﻪ »ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﺯﻫﺎ« ‪ 4‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫‪ 942‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﻣﻨﻔﻰ ‪ 5/6‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻝ ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﻳﻌﻨﻰ‪ 2015‬ﻣﻴﻼﺩﻯ )‪ (94‬ﺛﺒﺖ ﺷــﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﺧﺎﻟﻰ ﮔﺬﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣــﺎﻝ ﺯﻫﺮﺍ ﺍﺣﻤﺪﻯﭘﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﭘﻴﺸــﻴﻦ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺮﺍﺙﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ‪ ،‬ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺮﻭﺭﺩﻳﻦ ‪96‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺳــﻔﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﻴﺮﺍﺯ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ‪ 8‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺩﻻﺭ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺑﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻨﺎﻑ ﻭ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻣﻘﺎﻣﺎﺕ ﻋﺎﻟﻰﺭﺗﺒﻪ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺭﻳﻴﺲ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻴﺴــﻴﻮﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﻭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻫﻨﺮ ﺍﺗﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺭﮔﺎﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺎﻩ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫‪ 95‬ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ 6‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺁﻥ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ‪ 8‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺩﻻﺭ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﺮﺿــﺎ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﻯﻧــﮋﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﻋﻀﻮ ﻫﻴﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸــﮕﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻴﺮﺍﺙﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕــﻰ‪ ،‬ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳــﺘﻰ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳــﺮﻛﻞ ﭘﻴﺸــﻴﻦ ﺩﻓﺘــﺮ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﻭ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺘﻘــﺎﺩ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﻭﻗﺘﻰ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﻣﻨﻔﻰ ‪5/2‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 94‬ﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻣﺎ ‪ 6‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮ ﻭ ‪ 8‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺩﻻﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪﺍﻳﻢ؟ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺠﺎ ﻣﻰﺁﻭﺭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺘﻰ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻗﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ )‪ (TSA‬ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻳﻢ؟‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺳﭙﺲ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺳﺎﺩﻩﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺍﻏﻠﺐ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻳﻢ ﻭ ‪ 4‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﻭ ‪911‬‬ ‫ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻭ ‪ 920‬ﻧﻔﺮ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺳﻔﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﻧﺮﺥ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻛﺮﺩ ﻫﺮ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺟﻨﻮﺏ ﺁﺳﻴﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﮕﺮﺩﻯ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺣــﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 1220‬ﺩﻻﺭ ﺗﻌﻴﻴــﻦ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺿﺮﺏ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﺑــﺎﺯ ﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻋــﺪﺩ ‪ 8‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺩﻻﺭ ﻧﻤﻰﺭﺳــﻴﻢ! ﺣﺘﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺁﻧﻜﻪ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﻋﺮﺍﻗﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻓﻐﺎﻧﻰ ‪ 1220‬ﺩﻻﺭ ﻫﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻧﻤﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺷــﺎﺧﺺ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﮕﺮﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻳﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻭ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺣﺴــﺎﺏ ﺍﻗﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﻳﺎ ‪ TSA‬ﺭﺍ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺕﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻰ ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﻳﻜﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺑﺤﺚﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻴﺮﺍﺙﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ‪ ،‬ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺳﻨﺪ ﻣﻠﻰ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ ـ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺳﺎﻝ ﻧﺨﺴﺖ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﺸــﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‪ ،‬ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ﺗﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 96‬ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ‪ -‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﺭﺍ ﺭﺍﻩﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻯ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫‪) TSA‬ﺣﺴــﺎﺏ ﺍﻗﻤــﺎﺭﻯ(‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺯﻳــﻊ ﺩﺭﺁﻣــﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳــﻖ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺳــﻬﻢ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻧﺎﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺯﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﺷــﺘﻐﺎﻟﺰﺍﻳﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺗﺠﺰﻳــﻪ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻭ ﭘﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺍﻇﻬــﺎﺭ ﻛــﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﻭﻗﺘﻰ ﺣﺴــﺎﺏ ﺍﻗﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻳــﻢ‪ ،‬ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻢ ﺳــﻬﻢ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻧﺎﺧﺎﻟﺺ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺁﻥ ﭘﻰ ﺑﺒﺮﻳﻢ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺗﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻔﺖ ﻭ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺖ ﻭ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻧﻬﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﻪ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻰ ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫‪ 15‬ﺳــﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻨﺪ ﻣﻠﻰ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳــﻨﻨﺪﺝ ﺑﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﻧﺪ ﻛــﻪ ﮔﺮﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻯ ﮔﻠﻴــﻢ ﻣﻰﺍﻓﺘﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺭﻧﻰ ﺗﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻭ ﭘــﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺸــﺖ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﮔﺮﻩ ﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺭﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺣﺴــﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻭﺭﻧﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﮔﻠﻴﻢ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﻚ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ ﻧﻤﻰﺧﻮﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪﺣﺴﻴﻨﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺟﺎﻥ ﻣﺤﻤﺪﺣﺴﻴﻨﻰ ﺑــﺎ ‪5‬ﻧﻔــﺮ ﺑﺎﻓﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﺴــﺘﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﻓﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻭﺭﻧﻰ ﻋﺸــﺎﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨــﺎﺯﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻓﺘﻦ ﻭﺭﻧــﻰ ﻣﻰﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺳــﻔﺎﺭﺵ ﻣﺤﺼــﻮﻻﺕ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻃﺮﺡﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﻓﻨــﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻭ ﺑــﺎ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺭﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢﻫﺎ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸــﻜﻞ ﺭﻛﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭ ﻧﻴﺴــﺘﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ‬ ‫ﺭﺿﺎﻳﺖ ﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻳﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪﻃﻮﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺳــﺎﻻﻧﻪ ‪ 60‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﻧﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺒﺎﺭﻫــﺎ ﺑﺎﻗــﻰ ﻣﻰﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻠــﻰ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﻭﺭﻧﻰ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﻐﺎﺯﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺒﺮﻳﺰ ﻭ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺸــﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﺮﺵ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﮔﺬﺍﺭﻳﻢ‪ .‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪﺣﺴﻴﻨﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺳﺎﻻﻧﻪ ‪ 100‬ﺗﺨﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺷﺨﺼﻰ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﻭﺭﻧﻰ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻟﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺧﺎﺻﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺁﺷﻨﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺼــﻮﻝ ﻭﺭﻧــﻰ ﺑﻪ ‪ 2‬ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻗــﻮﺍﺭﻩﺍﻯ ﻭ ﻣﺘﺮﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﺳــﺪ ﻭ ﺣﺴــﻴﻨﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻭﺭﻧﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻗﻮﺍﺭﻩﺍﻯ ﻗﻴﻤﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻛــﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻓــﺮﻭﺵ ﻣﻰﮔــﺬﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨــﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﺍﺭﻩﻫﺎﻯ ‪ 3‬ﻣﺘﺮﻯ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﭘﺸــﻤﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﻓﺪﺍﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑــﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﺩﺍﺩﻩﺍﻧــﺪ‪ 650 ،‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 850‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺮﻭﺵ‬ ‫ﻰﺭﺭﺳﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﺨﻦ ﺁﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﻧﻰ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺤﺼــﻮﻝ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﻭ ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﺩ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺯﻳﺮﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﻤﺎﺭ ﻣــﻰﺭﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﻢﺗﻮﺟﻬﻰ ﻣﺴــﺌﻮﻻﻥ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻓــﺮﻭﺵ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻛﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺁﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﺭﻧﻰ ﺑﺎﻓﻰ ﺣﺮﻓﻪﺍﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺎﻳﺮ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺁﻥ ﺍﻣﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻌﺎﺵ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺭﻛﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻯ ﺭﻛﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻋﺸﺎﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻭﺭﻧﻰﺑﺎﻓﺎﻥ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻧﺖ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳــﺘﻰ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻴﺮﺍﺙﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺟﺬﺏ ‪ 20‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﻭ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺣﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻴﺮﺍﺙﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ‪ ،‬ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳــﺘﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺬﺏ ‪ 20‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﭼﺸﻢﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ‪ 20‬ﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﺗﺎ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪1404‬ﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴﺪﻯ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺣﻼﻝ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻣﺤﺐﺧﺪﺍﻳﻰ ‪17‬ﻣﻬﺮ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻧﺸﺴﺖ ﻫﻢﺍﻧﺪﻳﺸﻰ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻳﺰﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﺟﺬﺏ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺭﻭﻳﻪ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻴﺶ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﺣﻼﻝ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺷــﺘﺎﺏﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺭﻗﻴﺒﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺯﻳﺮﺳــﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺣﻼﻝ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻤﻨــﺪﻯ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﺣﻼﻝ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺷــﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻤﻨﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴــﺎﻥ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺬﺏ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻴﺮﺍﺙﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ‪ ،‬ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺳــﺘﻰ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺮﻏﻴﺐ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﺎﻥ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺬﺏ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮ ﻣﺸــﻮﻕﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 5‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﻣﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻰ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺟﺬﺏ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﺗﺐ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺗﺒﻌﻴﺖ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳــﺘﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﺗﺼﺮﻳﺢ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺟﺪﻯ ﻧﻤﻰﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﭼﻬﺎﺭﺷﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪﺭﻭﺯﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﺳﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻳﺒﺮﻧﺖ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻧﮕﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻧﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺰﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﭘﻨﺠﺮﻩ ﺑﻰﺣﻔﺎﻅ‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﮔﺎﻡ‪،‬ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻠﻰﺍﻛﺒﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﺯ ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺘﻰ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎ ﺳﺨﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﺳــﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﮔﻔﺖ‬ ‫‪ 19‬ﻣﻬﺮ ‪1396‬‬ ‫‪ 20‬ﻣﺤﺮﻡ ‪1439‬‬ ‫‪ 11‬ﺍﻛﺘﺒﺮ ‪2017‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺩﻭﻡ ‪ /‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ‪ /277‬ﭘﻴﺎﭘﻰ ‪426‬‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺘﺮ ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﮔﻔﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﺳـﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺳـﻄﺢ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪﺍﻯ ﻛﺎﻣﻼ ﺟﺪﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﭘﺪﻳﺪﻩﺍﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺑﻰﺗﻮﺟﻬﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺟﺒﺮﺍﻥﻧﺎﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺷـﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻛﺸـﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺸـﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺳـﺎﻻﻧﻪ ﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺭﺍ ﺭﺷﺎﺩﻯﺯﺍﺩﻩ ﺑﻮﺩﺟـﻪ ﺧـﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺻـﺮﻑ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﺳـﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﺳـﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺷـﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ‬ ‫‪ trade@tejaratdaily.com‬ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨـﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﺸـﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺗﻼﺵﻫـﺎﻯ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺒﺤﺚ ﻫﻨـﻮﺯ ﻫﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﺟﺪﻯ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻧﻤﻰﺷـﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻰﺗﻮﺟﻬﻰ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺪﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﺳﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻪﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺪﻥ ﺳﻴﺴـﺘﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺟﺪﻯ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻥ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺟﺴﺖﻭﺟﻮ‬ ‫ﻛـﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰﺭﺳـﺪ ﺑـﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﻛﺎﻓـﻰ‪ ،‬ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﺳـﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﺁﻧﭽﻨﺎﻥ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻭ ﺷﺎﻳﺪ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﻭ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﻩ ﺣﻤﻼﺕ ﺳﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﺨﻨﺎﻥ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﭼﺸﻢ ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﺩﮔﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺁﻥ ﮔﺬﺷﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻰ ﺣﻤﻼﺕ ﺳــﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻤﻼﺕ ﺳــﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﺘﻮﺍﻟﻰ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﻣــﻮﺭﺩ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺣﻤﻼﺕ ﺳــﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓــﺖ ﻭ ﻫﺮﭼﻨــﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑــﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻠﻰﺍﻛﺒﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺴــﺌﻮﻻﻥ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺧﺴــﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻧــﻰ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻧﺸــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﺳــﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﺟﺪﻯ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻧﻤﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻫﻤﮕﺎﻡ ﺑﺎ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﻛﺴــﺐ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﻣﺠﺎﺯﻯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﻭ ﻳﺎﺩﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﻔﺒﺎﻯ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﺳﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻜﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﻳﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺁﻧﻼﻳﻦ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻫﻤﮕﺎﻡ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﺎ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺯ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻧﺖ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺩﺍﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺳــﻌﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﺭﺁﻭﺭﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺳــﻬﻢ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﺳﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳﺰﻯﻫــﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻧﺖﻫﺎ ﭼﻘﺪﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ؟ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﺳﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﻭ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺣﺎﺷــﻴﻪ ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺁﻳــﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺳــﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻤﺒــﻮﺩ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﺍﺕ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺎﺯﻯ ﺿﻌﻒ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻤﺖ ﺟﻤﻌﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻓﻜﺮ ﺣﻞ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻘﻄﻪﺿﻌﻒ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﺮﭼﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﺳــﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺯﻳﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻣــﺮﻯ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻧﻜﺎﺭﻧﺎﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺯﻳﺮﺳــﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﻋﻮﺍﻣــﻞ ﺩﻳﮕــﺮﻯ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺟــﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻀﻤﻴﻨﻰ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﺳﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﺳﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺪﻳﺪﻩ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻳﺎ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺕ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﻣﺴﺎﻭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺧﻄﺮﺍﺕ ﺳﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺧﻄﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻭ ﺧﺮﺩ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﻰ ﻫﻴﭻ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺧﺎﺻﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﻄﻠﻖ ﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺘﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻧﻪ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺳﺘﻰﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﻫﻢ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﺳــﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻳﺎ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺕ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣــﻪ ﺳــﺨﻨﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ ﮔﺮﻳﺰﻯ ﺑــﻪ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﻣﻰﺯﻧﺪ ﻭ ﻣﻰﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺕ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﺳــﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪﻭﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻯﺗﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪﺑﺨﺶ ﻳﺎ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﺳــﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎ ﺑﻪﮔﻮﻧﻪﺍﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﮔﻮﻳﺎ ﺧﺎﻧﻪﺍﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﻫﺰﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﭘﻨﺠﺮﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﺯ ‪100‬‬ ‫ﭘﻨﺠﺮﻩ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺖ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺳﺨﻨﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﻰﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﺨﺸﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺍﺳــﻢ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ‪ SOC‬ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﻪ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ‪ ،‬ﭘﺎﻳﺶ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺣﻞ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺳﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ ﻋﻬﺪﻩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﮔﻴــﺮ ﻛﺎﻏﺬﺑﺎﺯﻯ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻳــﺎ ﻭﻇﺎﻳﻒ ﺧــﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻧﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺑﺮﻭﻥﺳﭙﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﻰﺳﭙﺎﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﺧﻮﺵﻧﺎﻡ ﻧﻴﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﻛﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﻜﻞﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﺍﻳﻦﺣﺎﻝ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻗﻴﻖﺗﺮ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﺣﻤﻠﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﻧﺘﻰ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡﻫﺎ ﻫﻢ ﭼﺎﻟﺶ ﺧﺎﺻﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﻤﻠﻪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﭘﻰ ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻜﺮ ﺭﺍﻩﺣﻞﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺎﺯﻩﺗﺮ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰﺍﻛﺒﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺳــﺨﻨﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑــﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘــﻪ ﻭ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳــﺪ‪ :‬ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﺳــﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﭼﻴﺰﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ ﻛــﻪ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻥ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑــﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﻳــﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻃــﻮﻝ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻳــﻚ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻳﺎ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺣﺎﻛﻢ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺛﺮﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﺍﻳﻦﺣﺎﻝ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺗﺎﺯﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺳﺎﺯﻧﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻜﺮ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻰﺍﻓﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺭﺳﺪ ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﮔﺎﻡ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﺪﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻃﺮﺍﺡ ﻳﻚ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻣﻰﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳــﺪ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺣــﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿــﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺑــﺎ ﻛﻤﻚ‬ ‫ﺁﻣــﻮﺯﺵ ﻭ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺁﻧﻼﻳﻦ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴــﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﺳــﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﺭﺍ ﻫﻢ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻫﻢ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺧــﻮﺩ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻫﻨــﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﺍﻳﻦﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺷﺎﺭ ﺑﻬﻤﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﻜﺎﺕ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﺳــﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﺑﻰﺍﻃﻼﻉ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭﻯﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻚ ﺟﺴﺖﻭﺟﻮﻯ ﺳــﺎﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﻣﺠﺎﺯﻯ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻃﻼﻋــﺎﺕ ﺯﻳــﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳــﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻛﺎﺭﺑــﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﻫﻨــﻮﺯ ﺍﻟﻔﺒﺎﻯ ﺣﻔــﻆ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻫﻮﻳﺘﻰ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺷــﺒﻜﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻠﻨﺪ ﻧﻴﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﺴــﺘﻌﺪ ﺿﺮﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﻀﺎ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﭼﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﻄﺢ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ ﻋﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﭼﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺗﻼﺵ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻯ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ‪ ،‬ﺧﻄﺮ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺷــﺎﺭ ﺑﻬﻤﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﺳﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻨﻴــﺖ ﺳــﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺖ ﺧﺎﺹ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻭ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﻧﻔــﻮﺫ ﺑﺎﻻﻯ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺮﺯﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﺍﻳﻦﺣﺎﻝ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻠﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﺳــﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺳﺘﻪﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺳــﺨﻨﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﺑــﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﻧﺎﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﭘﻴﺪﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻫﺮﭼﻪ ﺗﻌــﺪﺍﺩ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ )ﭼﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺳــﻄﺢ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ ﻋﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﭼﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﻄﺢ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ ﺣﺮﻓﻪﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ( ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻪﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪IP‬ﻫﺎ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺧﻄﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺳــﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻄﻰ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺧﻄﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﺷــﻨﺎﺱ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﺳــﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺳﺨﻨﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﺳــﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﺨﻦ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﺳــﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﻭ ﻟــﺰﻭﻡ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫ﭼــﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﻭ ﭼﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﺧﺪﻣﺖ ﺗﺎﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺻﺤﺒﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺍﻳﻦﺣﺎﻝ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﻫﻢ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﻫﺴﺘﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﺳﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻰ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻰﻧﻴﺎﺯﻯ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪﺳــﺎﺯ ﺣﻤﻼﺕ ﺳــﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺩﺍﺷــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻰﻧﻴﺎﺯﻯ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺪﻳﺪﻩ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻳﻪ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺭﺷﺪ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻫﻢ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺣﻤﻼﺕ ﺳﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻟﺰﻭﻡ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺰﻣــﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺟﺪﻯﺗﺮ ﺷــﺪﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﻘــﺶ ﻓﻨــﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻧﺪﮔــﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻓــﺮﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺤﺚ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﺳــﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻯ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﺑــﻪ ﺍﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﻴــﺰ ﮔﻮﻳــﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﻴــﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻫﺎﺩ ﺻﺪﻳﻘﻰ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻧﺘﺸــﺎﺭ ﺧﺒﺮﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻟﻮ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﻓﺘﻦ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﺸــﺘﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧــﻚ ﻳــﺎ ﺍﻃﻼﻋــﺎﺕ ﻣﺤﺮﻣﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﻧﺸــﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﺑﺤــﺚ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰﺭﺳــﺪ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻳــﺪ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺍﻟﻔﺒــﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ ﻋﺎﺩﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﺍﻧﻪ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺣــﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿــﺮ ﺗﻤــﺎﻡ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺠــﺎﺭﻯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺘــﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫــﺎ‪ ،‬ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷــﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﺳﺮﺍﺳﺮﻯ ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﻳﺎ ﺗﺒــﺎﺩﻝ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺘﻰ ﻭ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺍﻭﻡ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻳﻰﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻬﺪﻳﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺳــﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﺑﻪﺷــﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺁﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺣﻤــﻼﺕ ﻫﻜﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﻧﺘــﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧــﻪ ﺭﺥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺮ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﻫﻢ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﻼﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻭ ﺑﻪﺭﻭﺯﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺣﻤﻼﺕ ﺳﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﺟﺪﻯ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺷــﺎﻫﺪ ﺁﻥ ﻫﺴﺘﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺣﺴﺎﺳﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻﻳــﻰ ﻛــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻧﺸــﺮ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺧــﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺴﺨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﺪﻳﻤﻰ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺘﻰ ﺍﻛﺘﻔﺎ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺑﻪﺭﻭﺯﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﺍﻣﻮﺷﻰ ﻣﻰﺳﭙﺎﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮﺷﺪﻩ ﮔﻮﻳﺎﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺣﻤﻼﺕ ﺳــﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﻭ ﻫﻚ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ﺟﺎﺭﻯ ﻣﻴﻼﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﺍﻭﺝ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﺟﺎﻟﺐﺗــﺮ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﻼﺕ ﺳــﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﻼﺕ‪ ،‬ﻫﻜﺮﻯ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﻪ ﺣﻤﻠﻪ ﻭ ﺳﺮﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺑﺮﻋﻬﺪﻩ ﺭﺑﺎﺕﻫــﺎﻯ ﻫﻚﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﻬﺮﺳــﺖ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎﺝﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻋﻰ ﺑﺪﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﺎ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻰ ﻭ ﺭﺩﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﻣﺠﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﺳﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﺩﺷﻮﺍﺭﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺒﺎﻯ ﺳــﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﻪﺭﻭﺯﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺳﺨﺖﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﻩ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻨﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﺣﻤﻼﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺩﺍﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﻧﻴﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﭘﻬﭙﺎﺩﻫﺎ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺗﺮﺍﻓﻴﻚ ﺍﻣﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺣﻞ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻣﺎﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﻗﺼﺪ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﻫﻮﺷــﻤﻨﺪ ﺗﺮﺍﻓﻴﻚ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﻰﺑﺮ ﭘﻬﭙﺎﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺑﻮﻇﺒــﻰ ﻭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺑﺮﻃﺮﻑ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﻣﻬــﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻯﺗﻰﭘــﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻩ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﺑﻮﻇﺒﻰ ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﺭﻭﺯ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺟﻴﺘﻜﺲ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃــﺮﺡ ﭘﻬﭙﺎﺩﻫﺎﻯ ‪ 600 Matric‬ﻭ‬ ‫‪ 2 Inspire‬ﺑﺮ ﻓﺮﺍﺯ ﺷــﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮﻭﺍﺯ ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺁﻣــﺪ ﻭ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺗﺮﺍﻓﻴﻜــﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻛــﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺮﺍﻓﻴﻜﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢﮔﻴﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﺍﺭﺳــﺎﻝ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﭘﻬﭙﺎﺩﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺍﻯ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﻬﭙﺎﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺳــﻄﺢ ﺷــﻬﺮ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮﻭﺍﺯ ﺩﺭﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻮﺳــﻂ ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺧــﻮﺩﺭﻭﻯ ﻓﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﻑ ‪ 150‬ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺩﺷــﺪﻩ ﺑﻪﻋﻨــﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﻛﻨﺘــﺮﻝ ﻣﻮﻗــﺖ ﭘﻬﭙﺎﺩﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳــﺮ ﻭﻳﺪﺋﻮﻳﻰ ﺯﻧــﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺷــﺒﻜﻪ ﺑﻰﺳــﻴﻢ ﻭﺍﻯﻓﺎﻯ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨــﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺍﺩﻩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻊﺁﻭﺭﻯﺷــﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻣــﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﺠﺰﻳﻪﻭﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﭘﻴﺸــﻨﻬﺎﺩﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻌﻴــﺖ ﺗﺮﺍﻓﻴﻜــﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﻧﺎﺷــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺼﺎﺩﻓﺎﺕ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻴﻦﻃﻮﺭ ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺖ ﺳــﺮﻳﻊﺗﺮ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻣــﺪﺍﺩﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺻﺎﻟﺢ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺯﻭﻗﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﺳــﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺮﺍﻓﻴﻚ ﻫﻮﺷﻤﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻩ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﺑﻮﻇﺒﻰ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺍﺭﺯﺍﻥﻗﻴﻤﺖﺗــﺮ ﺑــﻮﺩﻥ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴــﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻧﺼﺐ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭﺑﻴﻦﻫــﺎﻯ ﺷــﻬﺮﻯ ﻭ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑــﻪ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻓﻴﺒﺮ ﻧﻮﺭﻯ ﻣﻰﺩﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﻬﭙﺎﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺎﺭژ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪﺕ ‪ 10‬ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﺍﺯ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ‪ 120‬ﻣﺘﺮﻯ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺮﻭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨــﺪ ﺗﺎ ‪ 7‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻑ ‪150‬‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺻﻠــﻪ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘــﻪ ﻃﺒﻖ ﻗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻦ ﻣﺤﻠــﻰ ﭘﻬﭙﺎﺩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺩﺷــﺪﻩ ﺣﻖ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧــﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ‪ 60‬ﻣﺘــﺮﻯ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺑﺮﻭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﺼﺐ ﺩﻭﺭﺑﻴﻦﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻣﺎﻧﮕﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺟﻤﻊﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺗﻮﺳــﻂ‬ ‫ﺍﻳــﻦ ﭘﻬﭙﺎﺩﻫــﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻭﻗﻮﻉ ﻣﻪ ﻳﺎ ﺗﻮﻓﺎﻥ ﺷــﻦ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﻜــﻦ ﻣﻰﻛﻨــﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﻜﻤﻴــﻞ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳــﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺑــﻪﺯﻭﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ 3 ،‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻣﻮﺑﺎﻳﻞ ﻫﻚ ﻧﺸﺪﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺭﻭﺳﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻳﻚ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺭﻭﺱ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺟﻰ ﺗﻜﺲ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺑﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺑﺎﻳﻠﻰ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻰ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺎﺵ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﮔــﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺍﻳﺮﻧﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻚ ﺭﺍﺩﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﺳــﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ‬ ‫‪ InfoWatch‬ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺳــﻴﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺸــﮕﺎﻩ ‪GITEX‬ﺩﻭﺑﻰ ﻣﻮﺑﺎﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﻮﺷــﻤﻨﺪ ‪ Taiga‬ﺭﺍ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻰ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺳــﺎﺧﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺑﺎﻳﻞ ﺍﺟﺘﻨﺎﺏ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺎﺵ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺩﻭ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ ﺍﻳﻨﻔﻮﺗﻚ ﻭ ﺗﺎﻳﮕﺎﺳﻴﺴﺘﻤﺰ ﻣﺸﻐﻮﻝ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻳﻨﻔﻮﺗﻚ ﺍﺩﻋﺎ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺑﺎﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻓﺎﺵ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺣﺴــﺎﺱ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺷــﻤﺎﺭﻩ ﺗﻤﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﺎﻣﻚ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮ‪ ،‬ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺪﺋﻮ ﻭ ﺍﺳﻨﺎﺩ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﺴﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻠﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‪ 7 :‬ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﺣﺠﻢ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺳﺎﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻋﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ‬ ‫‪ 40‬ﻣﮕﺎﺑﺎﻳﺖ‬ ‫‪ 1,500‬ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫*‪#8*2*5*555‬‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ‬ ‫‪4G ,3G ,2G‬‬ ‫‪ 2,000‬ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫*‪#10*2*5*555‬‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ‬ ‫‪4G ,3G ,2G‬‬ ‫‪ 60‬ﻣﮕﺎﺑﺎﻳﺖ‬ ‫‪ 200‬ﻣﮕﺎﺑﺎﻳﺖ‬ ‫)‪ 100‬ﻣﮕﺎﺑﺎﻳﺖ ‪ 100 +‬ﻣﮕﺎﺑﺎﻳﺖ )‪2‬ﺑﺎﻣﺪﺍﺩ ﺗﺎ ‪ 2‬ﻇﻬﺮ((‬ ‫‪ 2,500‬ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫*‪#2*2*5*555‬‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ‬ ‫‪4G ,3G ,2G‬‬ ‫ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻛﻴﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫‪ 400‬ﻣﮕﺎﺑﺎﻳﺖ‬ ‫)‪ 200‬ﻣﮕﺎﺑﺎﻳﺖ ‪ 200 +‬ﻣﮕﺎﺑﺎﻳﺖ )‪2‬ﺑﺎﻣﺪﺍﺩ ﺗﺎ ‪ 2‬ﻇﻬﺮ((‬ ‫‪ 4,000‬ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫*‪#3*2*5*555‬‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ‬ ‫‪4G ,3G ,2G‬‬ ‫ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻛﻴﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫‪ 900‬ﻣﮕﺎﺑﺎﻳﺖ‬ ‫)‪ 400‬ﻣﮕﺎﺑﺎﻳﺖ ‪ 500 +‬ﻣﮕﺎﺑﺎﻳﺖ )‪2‬ﺑﺎﻣﺪﺍﺩ ﺗﺎ ‪ 2‬ﻇﻬﺮ((‬ ‫‪ 5,000‬ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫*‪#1*2*5*555‬‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ‬ ‫‪4G ,3G ,2G‬‬ ‫ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻛﻴﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫‪2‬ﮔﻴﮕﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺖ‬ ‫)‪1‬ﮔﻴﮕﺎﺑﺎﻳﺖ ‪ 1 +‬ﮔﻴﮕﺎﺑﺎﻳﺖ )‪ 2‬ﺑﺎﻣﺪﺍﺩ ﺗﺎ ‪ 2‬ﻇﻬﺮ((‬ ‫‪ 8,000‬ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫*‪#4*2*5*555‬‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ‬ ‫‪4G ,3G ,2G‬‬ ‫ﺟﻨﮓ ﻭﺍﻳﺒﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻠﮕﺮﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻫﻢﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺴــﺨﻪ ﺑﺮﻭﺯﺭﺳﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﭘﻠﻴﻜﻴﺸﻦ ﭘﻴﺎﻡﺭﺳــﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻳﺒﺮ‪ ،‬ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻳﺒﺮ ﻳﻚ ﭘﻠﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻠﮕﺮﺍﻡ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻚﺗﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﮔــﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺍﻳﺴــﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑــﻪ ﻧﻘــﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺏﺳــﺎﻳﺖ‬ ‫‪ ،phonearena‬ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻭﺯﺭﺳﺎﻧﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭﺍﻳﺒﺮ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﭘﻴﻦ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ )‪ (Pin‬ﺑﺮﺧﻰ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺎﻡﻫﺎ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻰ ﺑــﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺟﺎﺯﻩ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﻨــﺪ ﭘﻴﺎﻡﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﭘﻴﻦ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺳــﻴﻠﻪ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺒﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻋﻀﺎﻯ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻴﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺟﻠﺐ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺘــﻪ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻭﻳﮋﮔــﻰ ﺟﺪﻳــﺪ ﻣﺪﺕﻫﺎ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺎﻡﺭﺳــﺎﻥ ﻣﺤﺒﻮﺏ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺳﻰ ﺗﻠﮕﺮﺍﻡ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻌﺮﻓــﻰ ﺁﻥ ﺗﺎﻛﻨﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ ﺗﻠﮕﺮﺍﻣﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺒﺎﻝ ﺑﻰﻧﻈﻴﺮﻯ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺳﺘﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨــﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺍﻳﺒﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺳــﺎﻝ ﭘﻴﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﻔﻴﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻯ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻰ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻳﺒــﺮ‪ ،‬ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﭘﺎﺳــﺦ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ )‪ (reply‬ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ ﭘﻴﺎﻡ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻨﺠﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﮔﻔﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﻫﻢ ﻣﺪﺕﻫﺎ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺴــﺨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﺒﻠﻰ ﺗﻠﮕﺮﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﺑﺮﻭﺯﺭﺳﺎﻧﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺎﻡﺭﺳﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻳﺒﺮ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﻭﺍﻳﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻫﻢﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺷــﺒﺎﻫﺖ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺎ ﭘﻴﺎﻡﺭﺳﺎﻥ ﺗﻠﮕﺮﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺁﻭﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭﺍﻳﺒﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺟﺬﺏ ﻃﺮﻓﺪﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻭﺍﻳﺒﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻠﮕﺮﺍﻡ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺕ ﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ ﻭ ﻫﻢ ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺗﻠﮕﺮﺍﻡ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﭘﻠﻴﻜﻴﺸﻦ ﭘﻴﺎﻡﺭﺳﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﭼﻬﺎﺭﺷﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫‪ 19‬ﻣﻬﺮ ‪1396‬‬ ‫‪ 20‬ﻣﺤﺮﻡ ‪1439‬‬ ‫‪ 11‬ﺍﻛﺘﺒﺮ ‪2017‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺩﻭﻡ ‪ /‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ‪ /277‬ﭘﻴﺎﭘﻰ ‪426‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺍﻣﻮﺷﻰ ﻣﺘﺮﻭ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﺸﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺮ ﺳﺎﻳﻪ ﻗﻄﺎﺭ ﺣﻮﻣﻪﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨــﺪ ﺭﻭﺯ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺡ »ﺍﻗــﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﺸــﺘﺮﻙ« ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻰ ﺗﺮﺍﻓﻴﻚ ﺗﻬــﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺷــﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﺷــﻬﺮ ﺭﻭﻧﻤﺎﻳــﻰ ﺷــﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻧﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺎﺕ ﻃﺮﺡ »ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺸــﺘﺮﻙ« ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻭ ﺷــﻬﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﺪﻯ ﺑﻬﺎﺩﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﻓــﻊ ﺑﻦﺑﺴــﺖ ﺣﺮﻛﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷــﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﺡ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻛﻤﺎﻝ ﻧﺎﺑﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﻫﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻮﺑﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺷــﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﻋﺎﻟﻰ ﺗﺮﺍﻓﻴﻚ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻣﺼﻮﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩﺟﻪ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺷــﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺼﻮﺑﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﻬﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺼﻮﺑﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺷــﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﺷــﻬﺮ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﺸــﻬﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫‪ 1384‬ﺗﺎﻛﻨــﻮﻥ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺧــﻂ ﻣﺘﺮﻭ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﺸــﻬﺮ ﻧﺎﺩﻳﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘــﻪ ﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﻧﺨﺴــﺖ ﻃﺮﺡ »ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﺸــﺘﺮﻙ«‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻇﺮﻓﻴــﺖ ﺧﻄﻮﻁ ﺭﺍﻩﺁﻫﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﻜﻞ ‪ 2‬ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺣﻮﻣﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭژﻩﺍﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺧﻄﻮﻁ ﻣﺘﺮﻭﻯ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻩﺁﻫﻦ ﺑﻴﺮﻭﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺷــﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺴــﺘﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻙ‬ ‫ﺷــﻜﻞ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﺡ ﻣﺴــﺎﻓﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺴــﺘﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻰ ﻣﺘﺮﻭ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﺴــﺘﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﺍﻩﺁﻫﻦ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﻣﻪﺍﻯ ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺖ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺳــﻔﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻗﻄﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺗــﺎ ﺍﻳﺴــﺘﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﺍﻩﺁﻫﻦ ﺷــﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺣﻮﻣــﻪﺍﻯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﻗﻄﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺷــﺒﻜﻪ ﺭﺍﻩﺁﻫﻦ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﺍﻯ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻛﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺗﺮﺩﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻋﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺸــﺨﺼﻰ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﺴــﺎﻓﺮﺍﻥ ﺻﺒﺤﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﺷــﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻃﺮﺍﻑ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﻳﺘﺨﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻋﻜﺲ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺮﺳــﺶ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻃــﺮﺡ ﻭ ﻣﺼﻮﺑﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺁﻏــﺎﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺮﻭ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﺸﻬﺮ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻳﻚ ﺧﻂ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ‪ ،‬ﺟﺎﻧﻤﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺴــﺘﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺁﺯﺍﺩﮔﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺧﻂ ‪ 3‬ﻣﺘﺮﻭ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻃﻰ ‪ 5‬ﺍﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻯ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﺸﻬﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺪﺍﻥ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ)ﻋﺞ( ﻣﺘﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷــﺪ‪ ،‬ﭼﺮﺍ ﻭ ﭼﮕﻮﻧــﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﺸــﺘﺮﻙ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﺷــﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﺩﮔﻰ ﺭﻭﻧﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳــﺖ ﭘﻴﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﺩ؟ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻨﮕﺮﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺴــﺌﻮﻻﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺷﻬﺮﺳــﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﺸﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻳﺎﺩﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻟﻰﻛﻪ ﻫﻤﮕﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﺯﻭﺩ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﺘﺮﻭ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﺸــﻬﺮ ﺻﺤﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺁﻭﺭﺩﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺳــﻔﺮ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 1394‬ﺭﻳﻴﺲﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻬﺮ‪ ،‬ﻧﻪﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﺑﻮﺩﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﺮﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺮﺳــﺘﺎﻥ ﺻﺤﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﻧﻴﺎﻣــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩﺟــﻪ ﻗﻄﺎﺭ ﺣﻮﻣﻪﺍﻯ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﺣﺘــﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻫﻢ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﻣﺴــﺌﻮﻻﻥ ﺷﻬﺮﺳــﺘﺎﻥ ﺟﺪﻯ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻧﺸﺪ‬ ‫ﺗــﺎ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺭﻭﺯﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻏﻔﻠــﺖ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﺡ‬ ‫»ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﺸــﺘﺮﻙ« ﺭﻭﻧﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺳــﺨﻦ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻧﻰ ﺧﻄﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻻﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺷﻬﺮﺳــﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﺸﻬﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﺁﺭﺯﻭﻯ ﺩﻳﺮﻳﻨﻪ ﻫﻤﺸﻬﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﻓﺎﻉ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻮﺑﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﻣﺘﺮﻭ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﺸــﻬﺮ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺴﺘﺎﺩﮔﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﺑــﻞ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺭﺍﻩﺁﻫــﻦ ﺣﻮﻣﻪﺍﻯ‪ -‬ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﺍﻩ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻥ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﻛﺎﺭﺁﻣــﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺒﺎﻝ ﺳﺮﺩ ﺷــﻬﺮﻭﻧﺪﺍﻥ ﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ -‬ﻫﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻧﻨـﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘـﻞ ﻛﺎﻻ ﺑﻰﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰﻩ ﻫﺴـﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﺳـﺎﺯﻯ ﺍﺣﺴـﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻰﻛﻨﻨـﺪ‪ ،‬ﺯﻳـﺮﺍ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺒﺎﺩﻯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻯ ﻛﺸـﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺩﻻﻧﻪ ﻧﻴﺴـﺖ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺴـﺌﻠﻪ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻫـﺎﻯ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨـﺶ ﺭﺍ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺳـﺎﺯﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳـﺨﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻛﻨﺶ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻛﺮﻡ ﺍﻣﻴﻨﻰ‬ ‫‪ editor@tejaratdaily.com‬ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﺳـﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺭﺍﻫﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺟﺎﺩﻩﺍﻯ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﻛـﻪ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻧﺎﻭﮔﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺟﺎﺩﻩﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺑـﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳـﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭ ﺣﻞ ﻣﺸـﻜﻼﺕ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﺩﻩﺍﻯ ﻛﺎﻻ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺳـﻮﺧﺖ ﻧﻴﺴـﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﻋﺎﺩﻻﻧﻪ ﺷـﺪﻥ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺑـﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻧﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﺳﻮ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻭﺍﻡﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻼﻥ ﻭ ﻛﻢﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺑﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺣﻞ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻧﺎﻭﮔﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﻭ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻋﺎﺩﻻﻧﻪ ﻛﺎﻻ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺳــﻮﺩﮔﻰ ﻧﺎﻭﮔﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﺳﻮ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻧﺎﺑﻪﺳــﺎﻣﺎﻧﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺮﺑــﻮﻁ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺯﻳــﻊ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺗﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺿــﺮ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺟــﺎﺩﻩﺍﻯ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺩﺳــﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮﻳﺒﺎﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻭﻭﺩ ﻛﺸﺎﻭﺭﺯﻳﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨﻴــﻦ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻄﻰ‪ ،‬ﺭﻳﻴﺲ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺭﺍﻫﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭ ﻣﻮﺛﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻣﻰﺩﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻭ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﻛﺎﻣﻴﻮﻥﺩﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻭﮔﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﺮﺳــﻮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺳــﻮﺧﺖ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻪﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺳــﻮﺧﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﻪﺻﺮﻓﻪ ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨﻴــﻦ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻄﻰ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﺑــﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺧﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻥ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺳــﻮﺧﺖ‪ ،‬ﺻﺪﺍﻯ ﺍﻋﺘﺮﺍﺽ ﻛﺸﺎﻭﺭﺯﻳﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭﺁﻭﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺭﻭﺯ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩﺟﻪ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﻛﺮﺩ ﺩﻭﻟــﺖ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻣﻞﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺐ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 97‬ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻭﻭﺩ ﻛﺸــﺎﻭﺭﺯﻳﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺭﺍﻫﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﺿﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﺮﺍﺽ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺧﺒﺮ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺭﺍ ﻏﻴﺮﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺍﻧﺴــﺖ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑــﻪ »ﻣﻬﺮ« ﮔﻔــﺖ‪ :‬ﺗﺎ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺳــﻮﺧﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺳــﻨﮕﻴﻦ ﺗﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺍﺭﺯﺍﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﻓﺮﺳــﻮﺩﮔﻰ ﻧﺎﻭﮔﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪﺻﺮﻓﻪ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﺧﺮﻳــﺪ ﻛﺎﻣﻴﻮﻥ ﻧﻮ‪ ،‬ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎﻯ ﻣــﺎﺯﺍﺩ ﺣﻤﻞ ﻛﺎﻻ‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺮﻩﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﻭ‪ ...‬ﺣﻞ ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﺳــﺎﺯﻯ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻣﻴﻮﻥﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﻓﻘﻂ ‪ 60‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 70‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﺶ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻟﻰﻛﻪ ﻛﺎﻣﻴﻮﻥﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎﻯﺷــﻤﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﮔﺎﻩ ﺗﺎ ‪ 3‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺖ ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ؛ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻰ ﺳــﻮﺧﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺮﻩﻭﺭﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﻧﮕﻪ ﻣﻰﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﺎﻭﺭﺯﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑــﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺿــﺮ ﺑﺨــﺶ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻤــﻚ ﻳﺎﺭﺍﻧــﻪﺍﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺳــﻮﺧﺖ )ﮔﺎﺯﻭﺋﻴﻞ( ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺳﺮﭘﺎ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺮ ﻛﺲ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻜﺎﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻛﺎﻣﻴﻮﻥ ﻓﺮﺳــﻮﺩﻩﺍﻯ ﺑﺎ ‪ 30‬ﺗﺎ ‪40‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﻠﻴــﻮﻥ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﺧﺮﻳﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑــﺎ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﺑﺎﺭ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ ﺁﻧﻜﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺭﺍﻧﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ‪ ،‬ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﺞ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﻞ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺟﺎﺩﻩﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺍﻡﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﻼﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻢ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﻻﻧﻪ ‪ 150‬ﻫــﺰﺍﺭ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮ ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺑــﺎ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺎﻣﻴﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﻭ ﺭﺍﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﻫﺮﻛﺪﺍﻡ ‪ 70‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﻞ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺩﻭ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺭ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻣﺴــﺌﻠﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰﻩ ﺭﺍﻧﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻧﺎﻭﮔﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﻛﺎﻫﺪ‪ ،‬ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺎﻣﻴﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻧــﻮ ﺑﻪ ﻗﻴﻤــﺖ ‪ 800‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺗــﺎ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻴﻠﻴــﺎﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﺍﻗﺴــﺎﻁ ﻣﺎﻫﺎﻧﻪ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻧــﻰ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺭﺍﻫﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺳــﻮﺧﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﭼﻪ ﻣﺸــﻜﻞ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺎ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﺍﻯ ﺣﻞ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻓﻠﺞ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺣﻤﻞ ﻭﻧﻘﻞ‪ ،‬ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺭﺍﻫﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺳــﻮﺧﺖ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﺮﻃﺮﻑﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺟﺎﺩﻩﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ ﻣﺸــﻜﻞ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺟﺎﺩﻩﺍﻯ‪ ،‬ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻬﺮﺩﺍﺩ ﻓﺮﺷــﻴﺪﻯ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺭﺷــﻨﺎﺱ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ »ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ« ﺩﺭﺑــﺎﺭﻩ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﻧﺪﺍﺷــﺘﻦ ﺍﻫﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺟﺎﺩﻩﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﻧﺎﻭﮔﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﺍﺩ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺭﺍﻧﻨــﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﻓﺮﺳــﻮﺩﻩ ﻧﺪﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﮔﺮﺍﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫــﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻗﻴﻤــﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻣﻴــﻮﻥ ﺟﺪﻳــﺪ ‪ 500‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﻌﻠــﻰ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﻧﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺲ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﻤﻰﺁﻳﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻧــﺎﻭﮔﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺮ ﺧﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻭﮔﺎﻥ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻧﻮ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺘﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺷــﻴﺪﻯ ﺍﺿﺎﻓــﻪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﻋــﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑــﻮﺩﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﺳﺎﺯﻯ‪ ،‬ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﻧﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻗﺪﻳﻤﻰ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪﻧﺪ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻣﻴﻮﻥﻫــﺎﻯ ﻗﺪﻳﻤــﻰ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺁﻧﻬــﺎ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻡﺗــﺮ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﻯ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻯ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻠﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬ﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ ﻳﺎﺩﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺷﻜﻰ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻣﺰﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺯﻳــﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﻛﺎﻣﻴﻮﻥ ﻧﻮ ﺳــﻮﺧﺖ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻳﺎﺭﺍﻧــﻪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺳــﻮﺧﺖ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﻰ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻬﻼﻙ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﻁ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻧﺮﺥ ﻛﺎﻣﻴﻮﻥ ﻧﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺼﻔﺎﻧﻪ ﻭ ﺑﻪﺻﺮﻓﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻋﻠﺖ ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﻣﻴﻮﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺷــﻴﺪﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻛﻨﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﺩ ﻛﺸﺎﻭﺭﺯﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﻛﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳــﺶ ﻛﺎﻣﻴﻮﻥﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻧﻜﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺎﻭﮔﺎﻥ ﻧﻮ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﻛﺎﻣﻴﻮﻥ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ‬ ‫ﻛــﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ ﻋﺪﺍﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺿﻌﻴﻒ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻏﻠﺒﻪ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺑﺮ ﺿﻮﺍﺑﻂ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺑــﺎ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳــﺶ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﻣﻴﻮﻥﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﻏﻠﻂ ﻣﺒﺎﺩﻯ ﻛﺎﻻﻯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺣﻤﻞ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺒﺎﺩﻯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻯ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ‪ ،‬ﺑﻨﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻤﻰ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﺎﺳﺎﻟﻢ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺭﺍﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻰ ﺗﻌﻠﻖ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﻧﺎﻛﺎﺭﺁﻣﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﻥ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻨﺎﺩﺭ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺟــﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺴــﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻣﺼﺮﻑﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺳــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺣﻤﻞ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻧﺠﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﻃــﻖ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﺷــﻨﺎﺱ ﭘﻴﺸــﻨﻬﺎﺩ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺒــﻮﺩ ﺍﻭﺿﺎﻉ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺟﺎﺩﻩﺍﻯ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺎﺩﺭﺳــﺖ ﻣﻰﺩﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﺑﺮﻋﻜــﺲ ﺑﺮ ﺣﻤﻞ ﻭ ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﻯ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷــﺖ‪ .‬ﻓﺮﺷــﻴﺪﻯ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ :‬ﮔﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺷــﺪﻥ ﻧــﺮﺥ ﺳــﻮﺧﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎﺛﻴــﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺴــﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻫﺰﻳﻨــﻪ ﺣﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳــﺶ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟــﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻯ ﻫﻤﻪ ﻣﺴــﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺗﺎﺛﻴــﺮ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻣﺴــﺌﻠﻪ ﻣﻮﺟــﺐ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﺮﺩﺍﺩ ﻓﺮﺷﻴﺪﻯ ﻧﺮﺥﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳــﺎﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﻳﺎﺭﺍﻧﻪ ﺗﻌﻠﻖ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺗــﺎ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻧﺮﻭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺘــﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭ ﺣﻞ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺟﺎﺩﻩﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺑــﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﻓﺮﺷــﻴﺪﻯ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺮﺳــﺶ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻛــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺛﺒــﺎﺕ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺳــﻮﺧﺖ‪ ،‬ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻓﺮﺳﻮﺩﮔﻰ ﻧﺎﻭﮔﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭ ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺭﺍ ﺣﻞ ﻛﺮﺩ؟‬ ‫ﺍﻭ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﺳــﺦ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺮﺳــﺶ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳــﻦ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺣــﻞ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘــﻞ ﺟــﺎﺩﻩﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺳــﻮﺧﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻫﻤﻪ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕــﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻡﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻼﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻢ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﺩﺭﺳــﺖ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﺷــﻮﺩ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺒﺎﺩﻯ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺩﻻﻧﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺭﺍﻧﻨــﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺲ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑــﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻭﻯ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻤﻞ ﻭ ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺟــﺎﺩﻩﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ‪ ،‬ﻣﺰﻳﺖ ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻧﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻧﻤــﻰﺭﻭﺩ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻧﻨــﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺍﻧﮕﻴــﺰﻩ ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻧﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻰ ﻭ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﻛــﻪ ﺻﺮﻓﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺩﺳــﺖﺍﻧﺪﺭﻛﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺎﺏ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻓﺮﺷﻴﺪﻯ ﻳﺎﺩﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﺟﺪﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺍﺳﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﺴــﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺑــﺮ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺟــﺎﺩﻩﺍﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻫــﺶ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳــﺖ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ‪ ،‬ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘــﻞ ﻛﻼﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘــﻞ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪﺍﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ ﻋﻬﺪﻩ ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﺟــﺎﺩﻩﺍﻯ ﺑﮕﺬﺍﺭﻳﻢ‪ ،‬ﻫﻢ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺣﻤﻞ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪ ،‬ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺑﻪﺻﺮﻓﻪ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻫﻢ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﻞ ﻛﺎﻻ‪ ،‬ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻭ ﺩﻗﺖ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ‬ ‫ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ‪ :‬ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﻣﻬﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺭﺍ ‪ 500‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﻃﺮﺡ ﻣﺴــﻜﻦ ﻣﻬــﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﻭ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻣﺴــﻜﻦ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻃﻮﻝ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻋﺒﺎﺱ ﺁﺧﻮﻧﺪﻯ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﺪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺳــﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ‪ 84‬ﺗﺎ‬ ‫‪ 92‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﻃﺮﺡ ﻣﺴــﻜﻦ ﻣﻬﺮ‪ ،‬ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻣﺴــﻜﻦ ﺩﺍﺷــﺖ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭﻯﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺯﻩ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ 8/6‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺷــﺪ ﻭ ‪ 760‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺯﻩ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﻣﺴــﻜﻦ ‪ 6‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺭﺷﺪ ‪ 500‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻯ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﺡ‪2 ،‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﺴﻜﻮﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﺷــﺪ‪ ،‬ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻭﺝ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻄﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻗﻴﻤﺖﻫﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺍﻭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴﺘﻪ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﺭﺍ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻧﮕﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ‪4‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ‪ 1/1‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺎﺱ ﺁﺧﻮﻧــﺪﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺪﻫﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﻛﻪ ﺭﻭﺯ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺭﺍﻩ‪ ،‬ﻣﺴــﻜﻦ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﺮﮔﺰﺍﺭ ﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﺷــﻬﺮﻯ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺳــﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ‪ 74‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺷــﻬﺮﻯ ﻭ ‪26‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺭﻭﺳــﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺕ ﺑﻪﺷﺪﺕ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺗﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺘﻰ ﻧﺴــﺒﻰ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻩﺍﻳﻢ‪ .‬ﭘﻴﺎﻡ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻛﻞ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﻋﻮﺽ ﺷﻮﺩ؛‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻟﻰﻛﻪ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺤﻮﻻﺕ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺗﺼﺮﻳﺢ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ‪ 3‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﻧﻔﺮﻯ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻪ ‪ 8/8‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﻔــﺮ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺎﺻﻠــﻪ ‪ 90‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 95‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﻧــﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻪﺷﺪﺕ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ ﺁﺧﻮﻧﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻣﺪ ﻣﻈﺎﻫﺮﻳﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﻳــﺮ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﮔﻔــﺖ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ‪ 90-95‬ﺗﻬــﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺟﺬﺍﺏﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺷــﻬﺮ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ؛ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ‪ 89‬ﺗﺎ ‪،91‬‬ ‫‪ 760‬ﭘﺮﻭﻧﺪﻩ ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻰ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻣﺪﺕ‪ ،‬ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﻓﻘﻂ ‪ 400‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻧﻔﺮ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕــﺮ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺘﻰ ﺩﻫﻪﻫــﺎﻯ ‪ 60‬ﻭ ‪ 70‬ﻛﻪ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻌﻴــﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ‪ 3/6‬ﺩﺭﺻــﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﭘﺎﻳﺘﺨﺖ ﮔﺎﻩ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ 11‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻣﻰﺭﺳﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻒﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺁﺧﻮﻧــﺪﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿــﺮ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﺧﺖ ﻫﻴﭻﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﺴــﻜﻮﻧﻰ ﺟﺪﻳــﺪﻯ‪ 10/5 ،‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﻧﻔﺮ‬ ‫ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖﭘﺬﻳﺮﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ :‬ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺩ ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎ ﺟﺪﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺤﻮﻻﺕ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﺳﺮﺷــﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﻧﺸــﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﺭﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ‪ 1/2‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻫﻪ ‪ 60‬ﻭ‬ ‫‪ 70‬ﻓﺮﻕ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؛ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺟﺎﺑﻪﺟﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﺗﻤﺎﻡﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻮﻝ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺧﺎﻃﺮﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺩﺭ ‪5‬ﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﻮﻻﺕ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺘﻰ ﻗﻢ ﻧﺸــﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻬﺮ‬ ‫‪ 125‬ﻫــﺰﺍﺭ ﻧﻔــﺮ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛــﻪ ﻗﻢ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﭘﺬﻳﺮﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻭ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺪﺍﻥ ﻣﻌﻨﻰ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺤﻮﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺘﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻔﺮ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺁﺧﻮﻧﺪﻯ ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺒﻮﻩ ﻣﺴــﻜﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻛﺒﺎﺗﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻏﻴﺮﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻫﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺸﻜﻠﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺼﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﻮﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺘﻰ ﺩﻫﻪﻫﺎﻯ ‪ 60‬ﻭ ‪ 70‬ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻟﻰﻛﻪ ﻣﺴــﺌﻠﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺖ ﻭ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺗﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻼﻥﺷــﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﻣﺴــﻜﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻻﺷــﻬﺮ ﻭ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦﺷــﻬﺮ ‪ 5‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺘﻰ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ‪ 500‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺧﺎﻟﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺎﻥﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﻭﻗﻮﻉ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻗﻰ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ؛ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺩﺭﻙ ﺩﺭﺳــﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻮﻻﺕ ﻏﺎﻓﻞ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﻂ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ 35 ،‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﺯ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻯ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺁﺧﻮﻧﺪﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻃﺮﺡ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﻣﻬﺮ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ‪ 84‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 92‬ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 8‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‬ ‫)‪ 2‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﺴﻜﻮﻧﻰ( ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺘﻰ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻭﺝ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳــﺪ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﺑــﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫‪ 84‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 92‬ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ 8/6‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ )‪ 760‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ( ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺷــﺖ ﺭﺷــﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻴﺮﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﺎﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ‪92‬‬ ‫ﺗــﺎ ‪ 95‬ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 0/02‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﻰ ﺻﻔﺮ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺭﺷــﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ‪ 84‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 92‬ﺣﺪﻭﺩ‬ ‫‪6‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ )‪ 500‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ( ﺷــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 92‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 95‬ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫‪ 1/1‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺁﺧﻮﻧــﺪﻯ ﻳــﺎﺩﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺗﺼــﻮﺭ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﺑــﺎ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﭘﻮﻝ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺑﻴﻔﺘﺪ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻗﻰ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ‪ 84‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 92‬ﺭﻭﻯ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﻓﻘﺮ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﺴــﻜﻦ ﻣﻬﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣــﺎ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ‪ 760‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﻭ ‪ 500‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻯ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﻣﺴــﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﺳــﭙﺮﺩﻩﮔﺬﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﻣﺴــﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻢ ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﺑﻪ ‪ 282‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ‪ 20‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻩ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﻫﻢﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺟﻠﻮﻯ ﺳﻮﺩﺍﮔﺮﻯ ﺭﺍ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪﺍﻳﻢ ﻭ ﺭﺷﺪ‬ ‫‪760‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻯ ﺑﻪ ‪2‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ‪ 76‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮﻯ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﺩﺭ ‪ 13‬ﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺸــﺎﻳﺶ ﻫﻔﺪﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻫﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ‪ ،‬ﺣﺎﻣﺪ ﻣﻈﺎﻫﺮﻳﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻩ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺳﺎﺧﺖﻭﺳﺎﺯ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ‬ ‫ﺩﻫﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ‪ 20‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 79‬ﺗﺎ ‪92‬‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺎﻯ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ‪ 107‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺎﻯ ﻣﺴــﻜﻦ ‪ 76‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ‪ ،‬ﺍﺟﺎﺭﻩﺑﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫‪ 61‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺭﻡ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭﻛﻠﻰ ‪ 37‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ؛ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﻨﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫‪ 20‬ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 79‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 92‬ﺑﻬﺎﻯ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ‪3‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺗﻮﺭﻡ‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺎﻯ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ‪ 2/2‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺭﻡ ﻭ ﺍﺟﺎﺭﻩﺑﻬﺎ ‪ 7/1‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺗﻮﺭﻡ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﻣﺴــﻜﻦ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺗﺼﺮﻳﺢ ﻛﺮﺩ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯﺁﻧﺠﺎﻳﻰﻛــﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻭ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻠﻨﺪﻣﺪﺕ‬ ‫ﺧــﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺗﻮﺭﻡ ﻳﻜﺴــﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 92‬ﺗــﺎ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ‬ ‫)ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ (96‬ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﻣﺴــﻜﻦ ‪ 1/6‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺗﻮﺭﻡ‪ ،‬ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ‪ 2‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﺟﺎﺭﻩﺑﻬــﺎ ‪ 1/5‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺗﻮﺭﻡ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ؛ ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ﺩﺭ ‪ 4‬ﺳــﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺟﺎﺭﻩﺑﻬﺎ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﻗﻴﻤﺖﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻠﻨﺪﻣﺪﺕ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻚ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﻭ ﺧﺎﻃﺮﻧﺸﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ ‪ 5‬ﺣﻮﺯﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻦ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻧﺸــﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺮﺻﻪ ﺳﺎﺧﺖﻭﺳﺎﺯ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻭ‬ ‫ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺭﻫﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﻨﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺭﻫﻦ‬ ‫)ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ( ﺻﺎﺣﺐﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻈﺎﻫﺮﻳــﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺑﻴــﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩﻯ ﻣﺴــﻜﻦ ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻟﻰﻛﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻴــﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﻫﻤﺎﻥﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﺷــﻤﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷــﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ‪ 24‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺭ ﻭ ‪ 27‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻟﻰﻛﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺯﺍﻯ ﻫﺮ‬ ‫‪ 100‬ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ‪ 127‬ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻴﻢ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﻰ ﺁﻥ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩﻫﺎ ﺻﺎﺣﺐﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ؛ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺳــﻔﺘﻪﺑﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ ﻛﺴﺐ ﺳﻮﺩ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﻡ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺯﻭﺝﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﻮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺧﺎﻧﻪﺍﻭﻟﻰﻫﺎ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻣﺼﺮﻑﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻰ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻓﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺳــﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺣﺎﺷــﻴﻪﺍﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ‪ ،‬ﺍﺟﻤﺎﻉ ﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﻭ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﺎﺯﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﺎﻓﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﺮﺳــﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻞﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﻛﻪ ‪ 4‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﺩﻳﺪﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﭼﻬﺎﺭﺷﻨﺒﻪ ﭘﻮﻟﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﻳـﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺗﺮﺩﻳﺪﻯ ﻧﻴﺴـﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻧـﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺷـﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﺸـﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻧﻘـﺶ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦﻛﻨﻨـﺪﻩﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﻜـﺮﺩﻯ ﺣﻮﺯﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼـﺎﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧـﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳـﻚ ﺭﮔﻮﻻﺗﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻋﻤـﻞ ﻭ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ‬ ‫ﺯﻫﺮﻩ ﻣﺤﺴﻨﻰﺷﺎﺩ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻛﺸـﻮﺭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺑﮕـﺬﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺭﻭ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺑﺎ ﭼﻪ ﺭﻭﻧﺪﻯ‬ ‫‪ bazzar@tejaratdaily.com‬ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﺯ ﭼﻪ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺘﻰ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﺷـﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺑﺴـﻴﺎﺭ ﺣﺎﺋﺰ‬ ‫ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺘﻰ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪ .‬ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳـﺎﻥ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻫﺮﭼﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻯ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷـﺪ؛ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻣـﺮ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨـﻰ ﻭ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩﻧﮕﺮﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻓﻌـﺎﻻﻥ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻃﻰ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﻳﻪ ﺗﺎﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﺣﺎﻛﻢ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﺭﺯ ﻫﺮ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻻﻳﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﻧﺎﺷـﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺑﺎﺷـﺪ ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺮﻭﻧﻰ ﺩﺳـﺘﺨﻮﺵ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺗﻰ ﻣﻰﺷـﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻧﺎﺑﺴـﺎﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﻰﺁﻭﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻄﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺧﻴﺮ ﻫﻢ ﺷـﺎﻫﺪ ﺁﻥ ﻫﺴـﺘﻴﻢ‪.‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﻳﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻄﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺤﻮﻻﺕ ﻭ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻗﺎﺕ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻧﮕﻴﺮﺩ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻰﺍﺵ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺑﺮﺳﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳـﺎﻥ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺗﺪﺍﺑﻴﺮ ﻭ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺑﻠﻨﺪﻣﺪﺕ ﻭ ﻛﻼﻥ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﭘﻮﻟﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻰ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺘﺮ ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﻣﺰﺩﻫﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻛﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻠﻨﺪﻣﺪﺕ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﺭﺯﻯ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺗﺎ ﻳﻜﺴﺎﻥﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺩﺭ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻗﺘﺼـﺎﺩ ﺛﺒـﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻛﻢ ﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺗﻀــﻰ ﻋﺰﺗﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺣــﻮﺯﻩ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﻋﻀــﻮ ﻫﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻰ ﺩﺍﻧﺸــﮕﺎﻩ ﺗﺮﺑﻴــﺖ ﻣﺪﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﻳــﻦ ﺑــﺎﺭﻩ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔــﻮ ﺑــﺎ‬ ‫ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‪ ،‬ﺑــﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﻋﺰﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ ﺑﺨﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻰ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶﻫــﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺑــﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﺭﺯ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﻫﻴﻢ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﺴــﺘﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻢ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ؛ ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺒﻰ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﻴــﻦ ﺭﺍﺑﻄــﻪ ﺍﻓــﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﻪ ﻃــﻮﺭ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍﮔــﺮ ﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﺠﻢ ﭘﻮﻝ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺍﻳﺠــﺎﺩ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺑﺮ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﮔﺬﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺗﻮﺭﻡ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﺩ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻄﻰ ﺍﻭﺿﺎﻉ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺧــﻮﺏ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﺮ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮﺵ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻟﺰﺍﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﻧﻔﻌﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺭﺳﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺗﺼﺮﻳﺢ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰﺭﺳﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻧﻮ ﺳﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﺭﺯ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻜﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﭘﻴﻮﺳــﺘﮕﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﺳــﺘﻰ ﺑﭽﺮﺧــﺪ ﻭ ﭼﺎﺭﻩﺍﻯ ﻫﻢ ﺟﺰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻋﺰﺗــﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎﺑﺎﺕ؛ ﺍﻳﻨﻄﻮﺭ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺑــﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﺎﻳﺮ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎ ﻏﺎﻓﻞ ﺷﻮﻳﻢ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺨــﺶ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺻﺤﺒﺖﻫﺎﻳــﺶ ﺗﺼﺮﻳﺢ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻋﻤﺪﻩﺍﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ؛ ﺍﺯﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨــﻮﺍﻥ ﻋﺮﺿﻪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺩﭼﺎﺭ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻥ ﻧﺸﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺑﺎﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺚ ﺗﻚﻧﺮﺧﻰ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺟﺪﻯ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﻰ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻧﺮﺥﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺟﻬﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﺎﮔﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺭﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻭ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮﺭﻫﺎ؛ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ؛ ﻧــﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﻫﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺩﭼﺎﺭ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺳﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﻫﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺷــﻮﻳﻢ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﭼﻮﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺗﻐﻴﻴــﺮﺍﺕ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻰ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻗــﺪﺭﺕ ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺳــﻠﺐ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﺑﮕﺬﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺭﻭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﺪﺑﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺧﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺳــﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻰ ﻭ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺑﮕﻴــﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﺩﺭﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﺳــﺘﺎ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻮﺭﻡ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻣﻨﻄﺒﻖ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﻤﻮﻧــﻪ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺗﻮﺭﻡ ﺑﻪ ‪10‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﻫﻢ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 10‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻭ ﺑــﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜــﻪ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﻜﻞ ﻏﻴﺮﻭﺍﻗﻌﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺩﻻﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺗﻮﺳــﻂ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻯ؛ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺖﻫــﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﻜﻞ ﻣﺼﻨﻮﻋﻰ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻧﮕﻪ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎ‪ ،‬ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻄﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟــﻮﺩ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻮﭼﻜﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻢ ﺑﺮﻳﺰﺩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻗﻴﻤﺖﻫﺎ ﺩﺳــﺘﺨﻮﺵ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﻳﺎﺩﺁﻭﺭﺷﺪ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻄﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪﻧﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺭﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻚﻧﺮﺧﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﺮﻫﻢ ﺯﺩﻥ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺭﺍﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺯ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻄﻰ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺑﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻯ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ‪ 3‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﻧﮕﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؛ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎﻯ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻧﮕﻪ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺨﺸﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻭﺍﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻧﺎﺑﺴــﺎﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺑﻰﺛﺎﺑﺘﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺣﺎﻛﻢ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭﻯ ﻭ ﻣﻮﻗﺖ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪﺍﻯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﻧﺎﺗﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻄﻰ‬ ‫ﻫﻢ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺑﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺳﻮﺍﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺳﻮﺩ ﺑﺒﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﻫﺪ ﻭ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﻤﺖ ﺑﺎﻻ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﻕ ﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﺰﺗــﻰ ﺗﺼﺮﻳﺢ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺗﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﺭﺯ؛‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺣﺮﻛﺘﻰ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺑﺨﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﻫﻴﻢ؛‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺩﭼﺎﺭ ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﻥ ﻧﺸــﻮﺩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺑﺎﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻫﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﺪﻑ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﻧﺸﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺗﻼﻃﻢﻫﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺣﺎﻛﻢ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻜﺮ ﻳﻜﺴﺎﻥﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺜﻢ ﻣﻮﺳــﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻥ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸــﮕﺎﻩ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺍﺭﺯ ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﻰ ﺩﺧﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺗﺎﺑﻌﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﻭ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﻻ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑــﺎﺯﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﻮﺭﻡ ﺩﺍﺧﻠــﻰ ﻭ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﺘﺎﺛﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﻮﺳﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺗــﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻫــﺮ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺎﻫﻰ‬ ‫ﺷــﺎﻫﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻧﺮﺥ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﺷــﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﺭﺯ ﻫﺴــﺘﻴﻢ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺑﺎﻳــﺪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳــﻦ ﺩﺧﺎﻟﺖ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺜﻢ ﻣﻮﺳﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﻳﻜﺴﺎﻥﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﺮﻋﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﺩﺭﺁﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﺷــﻨﺎﺱ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﻮﺩ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑــﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺗﺎ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻧﮕﻴــﺰﻩ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻻﻯ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪ ،‬ﻳﺎﺩﺁﻭﺭﺷــﺪ‪ :‬ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺣﺎﻛﻢ ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﺭﺯ؛ ﺑﺮﺧﻼﻑ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺯﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈــﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‪ ،‬ﺑﺤــﺚ ﺗﻚﻧﺮﺧﻰ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﺭﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺟﺪﻯ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﺗــﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﻰ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻧﺮﺥﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺟﻬﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﺎﮔﻬﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺮﺥ ﺭﺍﺯ‪ .‬ﻣﻮﺳﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ :‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﺴﺘﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﻠﻨﺪﻣــﺪﺕ؛ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻰ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻰ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺑﻪ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ ﺩﺭﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺧﻴﻠﻰ ﺿــﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺎﺳــﻰ ﺍﺭﺯﺍﻥﺗﺮ ﺑﻪﺩﺳــﺖ ﻣﺼﺮﻑﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺳــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻳﺎﺭﺍﻧﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﻛﻨﻨــﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﻭ ﺑﺰﺭگ‬ ‫ﻗــﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﻫــﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﺣﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﻘــﻖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﺪﻑ ﻧﻴــﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕــﻰ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺣــﻮﺯﻩ ﺑﺎﺯﺭﮔﺎﻧﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺭﺯﻯ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻫﺮﭼﻪ ﺳــﺮﻳﻊﺗﺮ ﭘﻴﺶﻗﺪﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻴــﺰ ﺗﻚﻧﺮﺧﻰ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑــﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﺣﺘﻢ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺍﺭﺯﻯ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﻪﺗﺪﺭﻳﺞ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺗﻌﺪﻳــﻞ ﻭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻬﺶﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺗﻜﺎﻧﻪﻫــﺎﻯ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺎﻥ ﻧﮕﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺻﺪﺭﻧﺸﻴﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻮﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 20‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻞ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺳــﻬﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﻮﺭﺱ ﺍﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺑﻬﺎﺩﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔــﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺑﻨﺎ ﺑــﺮ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﻨﺪﺭﺝ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺑﮕﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻮﺭﺱ ﺍﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺑﻬﺎﺩﺍﺭ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺳﻬﺎﻡ ‪ 11‬ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺭﺱ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﻥ ﺑﺮ ‪ 302‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺭﻳﺎﻝ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ‪ 58‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺭﻳﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﭘﺎﺳــﺎﺭﮔﺎﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ‬ ‫‪ 50‬ﻫــﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﻴﻠﻴــﺎﺭﺩ ﺭﻳﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺎﻳــﮕﺎﻩ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻧــﻚ ﻣﻠﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ‬ ‫‪ 48‬ﻫــﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺭﻳﺎﻝ ﺳــﻮﻣﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺑﻮﺭﺳــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‪ ،‬ﭘﺎﺭﺳــﻴﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻓﺮﻳــﻦ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺼﺎﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺭﺗﺒﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫‪ 4‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 7‬ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻮﺭﺳــﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻧﻮﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﺧﺎﻭﺭﻣﻴﺎﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﺳــﻴﻨﺎ ﻭ ﭘﺴﺖﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻮﺭﺳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺗﺒﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻌﺪﻯ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﺮﺥ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﻻﺭ‬ ‫‪40,170‬‬ ‫ﻳﻮﺭﻭ‬ ‫‪1,1788‬‬ ‫ﻳﻮﺭﻭ‬ ‫‪48,350‬‬ ‫ﭘﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫‪1,3192‬‬ ‫ﻫﺮ ﺩﻻﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫)‪0,0039 (٪0,33‬‬ ‫)‪0,0045 (٪0,34‬‬ ‫ﭘﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫‪53,840‬‬ ‫ﺩﻻﺭ ﻛﺎﻧﺎﺩﺍ‬ ‫‪0,7994‬‬ ‫)‪0,0021 (٪0,26‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻫﻢ ﺍﻣﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫‪11,220‬‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺍﻧﻚ‬ ‫‪1,0241‬‬ ‫)‪0,0028 (٪0,27‬‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺮ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ‬ ‫‪11,360‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻫﻢ ﺍﻣﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫‪0,2723‬‬ ‫)‪0 (٪0‬‬ ‫ﻳﻮﺍﻥ ﭼﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪6,400‬‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺮ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ‬ ‫‪0,2712‬‬ ‫)‪0,0014 (٪0,52‬‬ ‫ﻳﻦ ژﺍﭘﻦ‬ ‫‪360‬‬ ‫ﻳﻮﺍﻥ ﭼﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪0,152‬‬ ‫)‪0,0011 (٪0,73‬‬ ‫ﺩﻻﺭ ﻛﺎﻧﺎﺩﺍ‬ ‫‪33,680‬‬ ‫ﻳﻦ ژﺍﭘﻦ‬ ‫‪0,0089‬‬ ‫)‪0 (٪0‬‬ ‫ﺩﻻﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﻟﻴﺎ‬ ‫‪32,880‬‬ ‫ﻛﺮﻭﻥ ﺳﻮﺋﺪ‬ ‫‪0,1238‬‬ ‫)‪0,0006 (٪0,49‬‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺍﻧﻚ ﺳﻮﺋﻴﺲ‬ ‫‪42,100‬‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺑﻞ ﺭﻭﺳﻴﻪ‬ ‫‪0,0172‬‬ ‫)‪0,0001 (٪0,58‬‬ ‫ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺳﻜﻪ ﻭ ﻃﻼ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺳﻜﻪ ﻃﺮﺡ ﻗﺪﻳﻢ‬ ‫‪13,125,000‬‬ ‫)‪0 (٪0‬‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺳﻜﻪ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫‪12,670,000‬‬ ‫)‪100,000 (٪0,79‬‬ ‫ﻧﻴﻢﺳﻜﻪ‬ ‫‪6,700,000‬‬ ‫)‪0 (٪0‬‬ ‫ﺭﺑﻊﺳﻜﻪ‬ ‫‪3,920,000‬‬ ‫)‪0 (٪0‬‬ ‫ﺳﻜﻪ ﮔﺮﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﻫﺮﮔﺮﻡ ﻃﻼﻯ ‪18‬‬ ‫‪2,530,000‬‬ ‫‪1,252,670‬‬ ‫)‪20,000 (٪0,79‬‬ ‫)‪2,770 (٪0,22‬‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺖ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻻﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻛﻞ‬ ‫‪84,734,40‬‬ ‫‪122,77‬‬ ‫‪0,15‬‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺖ ﺳﺒﻚ‬ ‫‪50,2‬‬ ‫)‪0,67 (٪1,35‬‬ ‫ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﺷﻨﺎﻭﺭ‬ ‫‪91,490,70‬‬ ‫‪171,22‬‬ ‫‪0,19‬‬ ‫ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﻭﻝ‬ ‫‪58,529,70‬‬ ‫‪109,77‬‬ ‫‪0,19‬‬ ‫ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺩﻭﻡ‬ ‫‪189,184,90‬‬ ‫‪142,92‬‬ ‫‪0,08‬‬ ‫ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻨﺘﺨﺐ ﺑﻮﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﻧﺰﺩﻳــﻚ ﺑــﻪ ﺩﻭ ﺩﻫﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‬ ‫ﻛــﻪ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻰ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺯﻳﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ ﻧﻈــﺎﻡ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧــﺖ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﮔﺎﻡ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻮﺭﻭﺵ ﭘﺮﻭﻳﺰﻳﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻛــﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺨــﺶ ﻋﻤــﺪﻩ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗــﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﻈــﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺭﺍﻳﮕﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻛﺎﺭﻣﺰﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﺍﺭﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﻳﻪ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺷــﺒﺨﺘﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﭘﻮﻝ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻯ ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ ﺑــﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭﻯ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﺭﻣﺰﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺟﺒﺮﺍﻥ ﺷﻮﺩ؛ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻧﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺸــﺘﺮﻳﺎﻥ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺑﻪﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻋﺎﺩﻻﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪﮔﻮﻧﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺑﻪﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻋﺎﺩﻻﻧﻪ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﻫﺮ ﻛﺴــﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺑﺎ ﺧﺪﻣﺘﻰ ﻛــﻪ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻰﻛﻨــﺪ‪ ،‬ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﭙﺮﺩﺍﺯﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺎﻡﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﺭﻣﺰﺩ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺗﺠــﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺧــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪﺩﻫﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺯﻳﺮﺳــﺎﺧﺖ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺍﻣﻴﺪ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﻪ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿــﺮ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪﺩﻫﻨــﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺮﺳــﺎﺧﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫــﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫــﺎ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜــﻪ ﻣﺘﺤﻤﻞ ﻫﺰﻳﻨــﻪ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗــﻰ ﻛــﻪ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫــﺎ ﺍﺭﺍﺋــﻪ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺷــﻮﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻴﺪﻭﺍﺭﻳــﻢ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟــﻪ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻛﻨــﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺳــﻤﺘﻰ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻋﺎﺩﻻﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﻛــﻪ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪﺩﻫﻨــﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺧﺪﻣــﺎﺕ ﺯﻳﺮﺳــﺎﺧﺘﻰ‪ ،‬ﭼﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺷــﺒﻜﻪ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ‪ ،‬ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧــﺖ‪ ،‬ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻧﺪﮔﺎﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺮﻑﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﻘﺒﻞ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻴــﺪﻭﺍﺭ ﻫﺴــﺘﻴﻢ ﻛــﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗــﻰ ﻛــﺮﺩﻥ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺸــﺘﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻤــﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻈــﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻣﺠﺒﻮﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﺍﺵ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺎﻳــﻰ ﺟﺒﺮﺍﻥ ﻛﻨــﺪ ﻭ ﺟﺎﻯ ﺟﺒﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺍﻋﻄﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻳﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺣــﺎﻝ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺪﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻣﻴﺪﻭﺍﺭ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺑﻼﻍ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻣﻨﺼﻔﺎﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻢ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﻪﺩﺭﺳﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﻣﺠﺒﻮﺭ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺟﺒﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯﺷﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕﺩﻫﻰ ﺟﺒﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻣﻬﻤﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛــﻪ ﺩﺭﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻰ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﻋﻄﺎﻯ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺑــﻪ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﺴﺐﻭﻛﺎﺭ ﺍﺯﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻛﺴﺐﻭﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻮﻳﻦ ﻭ ﺩﺍﻧﺶﺑﻨﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺧﺒﺮﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﻗﻴﻤﺖﻫﺎ )ﺑﻪ ﺭﻳﺎﻝ(‬ ‫ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ‬ ‫‪ 19‬ﻣﻬﺮ ‪1396‬‬ ‫‪ 20‬ﻣﺤﺮﻡ ‪1439‬‬ ‫‪ 11‬ﺍﻛﺘﺒﺮ ‪2017‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺩﻭﻡ ‪ /‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ‪ /277‬ﭘﻴﺎﭘﻰ ‪426‬‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺖ ﺧﺎﻡ ﺑﺮﻧﺖ‬ ‫‪56,35‬‬ ‫)‪0,7 (٪1,26‬‬ ‫ﺍﻭﭘﻚ‬ ‫‪53,7‬‬ ‫)‪0,77 (٪1,43‬‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺖﻫﺎ ﺗﺎ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ‪ 14‬ﺭﻭﺯ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺟﻊ‪ :‬ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﺍﻃﻼﻉﺭﺳﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩﻳﻪ ﻃﻼ‪ ،‬ﺟﻮﺍﻫﺮ ﻭ ﺳﻜﻪ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺘﺘﺎﺡ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺪﺭﺳﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﭘﺎﺳﺎﺭﮔﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﻚﭘﺎﺳــﺎﺭﮔﺎﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬــﺖ ﺍﻳﻔــﺎﻯ ﻣﺴــﺌﻮﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﺧﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻳﻚ ﻣﺪﺭﺳــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﺤﺮﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻯ ﺳﻮﺭﺑﺎﻕ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻫﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﮔﺮﻣﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﻟﻰ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻛﻨﺪﻭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺁﺫﺭﺑﺎﻳﺠﺎﻥ ﺷﺮﻗﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﺘﺎﺡ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﭘﺎﺳﺎﺭﮔﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻓﺘﺘﺎﺡ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﺭﺳــﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺟﻤﻌــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺁﻣــﻮﺯﺵ ﻭ ﭘﺮﻭﺭﺵ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺪﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﺱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻋﻀﺎﻯ ﺷﻮﺭﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﻼﻣﻰ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻻﻥ ﻣﺤﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﺟﻤﻌﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻫﺎﻟﻰ ﻣﺤﻞ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻻﻥ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﻣﺠﻴﺪ ﻗﺎﺳﻤﻰ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻋﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺤﺮﻭﻡ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﻪﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻯ ﺳﻮﺭﺑﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻜﺮ ﻭ ﻗﺪﺭﺩﺍﻧﻰ ﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺧﺴﺮﻭ ﺭﻓﻴﻌﻰ ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻋﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻣﺪﻳــﺮ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﭘﺎﺳــﺎﺭﮔﺎﺩ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﺧﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﺭﺳﻪ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻯ ﺳﻮﺭﺑﺎﻕ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﺤﺮﻭﻡ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻣﺘﺎﺳﻔﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﻤﻮﻃﻨﺎﻥ ﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷــﻰ‪ ،‬ﺭﻓﺎﻫﻰ ﻭ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻧﻴﺴــﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦﺭﻭ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﭘﺎﺳﺎﺭﮔﺎﺩ ﺗﻼﺵ ﻛﺮﺩ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﺧﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﺭﺳــﻪ‪ ،‬ﻧﻪﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺩﺍﻧﺶﺁﻣﻮﺯﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷــﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﺑﻠﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺶﺁﻣﻮﺯﺍﻥ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻃﺮﺍﻑ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺭﺳﻪ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﻣﻨﺪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻰ ﺻﺒﺢ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﭼﻪ ﺧﺒﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﭼﻬﺎﺭﺷﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫‪ 19‬ﻣﻬﺮ ‪1396‬‬ ‫‪ 20‬ﻣﺤﺮﻡ ‪1439‬‬ ‫‪ 11‬ﺍﻛﺘﺒﺮ ‪2017‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ‪ 277‬ﭘﻴﺎﭘﻰ‪426‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﺧﻼﻕ ﺣﺮﻓﻪﺍﻯ ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪﻧﮕﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫‪www.smtnews.ir/about.html :‬‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ‪ :‬ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ ﻭ ﻣﻄﺒﻮﻋﺎﺗﻰ»‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ‪ :‬ﻧﺎﺻﺮ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﻤﻬﺮ‬ ‫«‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ‪ :‬ﻣﺴﻌﻮﺩ ﺩﻫﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﺩﺑﻴﺮ‪ :‬ﻋﺎﻃﻔﻪ ﺧﺴﺮﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪ - 82190 :‬ﻧﻤﺎﺑﺮ‪ -88713730 :‬ﭘﻴﺎﻣﻚ‪ -300082190 :‬ﭘﻴﺎﻣﮕﻴﺮ ﺻﻮﺗﻰ‪88105304 :‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺁﮔﻬﻰﻫﺎ‪ - 88722732-3 :‬ﻧﻤﺎﺑﺮﺁﮔﻬﻰ ﻫﺎ‪88109733 :‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻮﺭ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻛﻴﻦ‪ - 88722735 :‬ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‪88105309 :‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎﻥﻫﺎ‪88724211 :‬‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻰ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺧﻴﺎﺑﺎﻥ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﺎﻧﻰ‪ -‬ﻛﻮﭼﻪ ﺁﺯﺍﺩﮔﺎﻥ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪26‬‬ ‫ﻛﺪ ﭘﺴﺘﻰ ‪1586733811‬‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‪pr@smtnews.ir:‬‬ ‫ﺁﮔﻬﻰ‪ads@smtnews.ir :‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥﻫﺎ‪ostanha@smtnews.ir :‬‬ ‫ﭼﺎﭘﺨﺎﻧﻪ‪ :‬ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﭼﺎپ ﺭﻭﺍﻕ ﺭﻭﺷﻦﻣﻬﺮ‬ ‫‪www.tejaratdaily.com‬‬ ‫‪www.tejaratdaily.com/about.html‬‬ ‫‪http://telegram.me/tejaratdaily‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ‪ 53‬ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ‪8‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻰ ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ‪1‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ‪ 290‬ﺭﻭﺯﻧـﺎﻣـﻪ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ‪39‬‬ ‫ﻋﻀﻮ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﻴﺮﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻀﻮ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻀﻮ ﺗﻌﺎﻭﻧﻰ ﻣﻄﺒﻮﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻭﺍﻳﻞ ﺗﺎﺑﺴــﺘﺎﻥ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫‪ lastpage@tejaratdaily.com‬ﺭﺷــﺪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﺷــﺪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﺑﻪ‬ ‫‪12/5‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ‪ 25‬ﺳــﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺳﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺭﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺭﻛﻮﺭﺩ ﺯﺩ‪ .‬ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻥ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺍﺛﺮﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﺛــﺮ ﻟﻐﻮ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ‬ ‫ﻧﻔــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﺴــﺒﻰ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻣــﻮﺍﺩ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﻪﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻳﻰ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺑــﺮ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺑﺎﻭﺭﻧﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﭘﺮ ﺷــﺪﻥ‬ ‫ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫــﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺭﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺭﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻮﺭﺱ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺳــﻬﺎﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﻧﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﺷــﺎﺧﺺ ﺑﻮﺭﺱ ﻧﺸــﺎﻥﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻰ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻮﺭﺱ ﺭﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺷﺪ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺁﻥ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺧﻮﺏ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ‪ .‬ﻋﺒﺎﺱ ﺁﺭﮔﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻋﻀﻮ‬ ‫ﻫﻴــﺎﺕ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺍﺗﺎﻕ ﺑﺎﺯﺭﮔﺎﻧﻰ ﺗﻬــﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫»ﻭﻗﺘﻰ ﺷــﺎﺧﺺ ﺑﻮﺭﺱ ﺭﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺏ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻮﺭﺱ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺩﻣﺎﺳﻨﺞ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻮﻻﺕ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺎﻥﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ «.‬ﺍﻭ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺎﻻ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺻﻼﺣﺎﺕ ﻛﻠﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﭘﻮﻟﻰ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﺸﺮﻭﺡ‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ ﺑﺎ ﻋﺒﺎﺱ ﺁﺭﮔﻮﻥ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﻓﻪﺧﺒﺮ ﺧﺒﺮﺁﻧﻼﻳﻦ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﻧﻴﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺷﻤﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﭘﻮﻟﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﭼﻘﺪﺭ ﺑﺮ ﺑﻮﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﮔﺬﺍﺷـﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ؟ ﺁﻳﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺗﺎﺯﻩ ﺳﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺑﻮﺭﺱ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﺑﮕﺬﺍﺭﺩ؟‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺳــﻬﺎﻡ ﺑﻪﻧﻮﻋﻰ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻫﺮ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﻴﻢ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻧﺸﺎﻥﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻧﺎﺧﻮﺷــﺎﻳﻨﺪ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻫﻢ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﻧﺸــﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﭘﻮﻟﻰ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﭘﻮﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭﻗﻄﻊ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺭﻳﺴﻚﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺭﻳﺴــﻚ ﺟﺰﻭ ﺟﺪﺍﻧﺸــﺪﻧﻰ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺭﻳﺴﻚﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﻰ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻭ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢﻫﺎ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺧﻮﺍﺳﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ ﻧﺎﺧﻮﺍﺳــﺘﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﻰﮔﺬﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴــﺮﺍﺕ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺮ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﻤــﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺑﺮ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﺎﺛﻴــﺮ ﻣﻰﮔﺬﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﻬــﺎ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﺧــﻞ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺍﺯﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺗﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﮔﺰﺍﺭﻯ ﻫﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﭘﻠﻴﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺻﻨﺎﻑ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺩﺑﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻯ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﻣﻰ؛ ﻫﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﭘﻠﻴﺲ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺻﻨﺎﻑ ﺑﺎ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻧــﺪﻩ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻯ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﻣﻰ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﺭﺩﺑﻴﻞ‪ ،‬ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻫﻴﺎﺕﺭﻳﻴﺴﻪ ﺍﺗﺎﻕ ﺍﺻﻨﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﺳﺎﻯ ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩﻳﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺯﻳﺮﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﺻﻨﻔﻰ ﺍﺭﺩﺑﻴﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻟﻦ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻰ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻯﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﻣﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﮔﺰﺍﺭ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺧﺒﺮﻧﮕﺎﺭ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﺭﺩﺑﻴﻞ؛ ﺳﻴﺪﺣﺎﻣﺪ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﺭﺩﺑﻴــﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺑﺮﮔﺰﺍﺭﻯ ﻫﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﮔﺰﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﻤﺎﻳﺶ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻴﻦ ﭘﻠﻴﺲ ﻭ ﺍﺻﻨﺎﻑ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻯ ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﻧﻘﺶ ﺍﺻﻨﺎﻑ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﺸﺒﺮﺩ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﻣﻘﺪﺱ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻯ ﺍﺳــﻼﻣﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﻬــﻢ ﻭ ﻛﻠﻴﺪﻯ ﺑــﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻤﻨﺪﻯ ﺍﺻﻨﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﺘﻮﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺤﻜﻢ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻣﺪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﺴــﺌﻮﻻﻥ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺗﺸﺮﻳﺢ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻗﺎﭼﺎﻕ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻮﻳﺎﺕ ﺭﻫﺒﺮ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﻗﺎﭼﺎﻕ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻣﻮﺩﻧــﺪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺒﺎﺭﺯﻩ ﺑــﺎ ﻗﺎﭼﺎﻕ ﻛﺎﻻ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﺑــﺎ ﻛﻮﻟﺒﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺿﻌﻴﻔﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺧــﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻛﺎﻻﻫــﺎﻯ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺭﺍ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ؛ ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﭼﺎﻗﭽﻴﺎﻥ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﺎﭼﺎﻕ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﻧﺒﻮﻩ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨــﺪ‪ ،‬ﮔﻔــﺖ‪ :‬ﺍﺻﻨﺎﻓﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﺳــﻤﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻞﻫﺎﻯ ﺷــﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺧﺮﻳﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﻛــﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺻﻨﻔﻰ ﺧﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﻣﻰﺭﺳــﺎﻧﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﭼﺎﻕ ﺗﻠﻘﻰ ﻧﺸــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮﺩﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻃﻮﺭﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻔﻰ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺡ‪ :‬ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻴﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪ »ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ«‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺷﺮﺡ‬ ‫ﺩﻣﺎﺳﻨﺞ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﺧﻮﺏ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻧﻤﻰﻛﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝﺣﺎﺿــﺮ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻫــﻰ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﭘــﻮﻝ‪ ،‬ﻧﺮﺥ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑــﺎﻻﻯ ‪ 20‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻫﻢ ﺭﻳﺴﻚ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻓﺮﺩﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ‬ ‫ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﺭﻳﺴــﻚ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻯ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺘﻘﺒﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﻢ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﻧﻤﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺸــﻐﻠﻪ ﻭ ﺩﺭﮔﻴﺮﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻳﻰ ﻫﻢ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻃــﺮﻑ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺳــﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻫﻢ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﻫﻤﻴــﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺭﻳﺴﻚ ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻫﻰ ﻫﻢ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻫﻰ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻞ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻣﻨﻔﻰ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺮﭼﻨﺪ ﺍﻣﺴــﺎﻝ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻣﺤﺮﻙﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴــﺖ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ‪ 4‬ﺗﺎ ‪5‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻧﮕﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻢ ﻭﺍﺑﺴــﺘﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺳــﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺷــﻜﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﻫﻢ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ؛ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‪،‬‬ ‫ﭼﺎﺑــﻚ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻥ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭﻗﻄﻊ ﺑﺮ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻔﻰ ﮔﺬﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻣﺸــﻜﻞ ﺗﻌﺪﺩ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺳــﺖﻭﭘﺎ ﮔﻴﺮ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻗﺎﻋﺪﻩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻤﻨــﺪﻯ ﺧﻴﻠﻰ ﺧﻮﺏ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪ ﺑﻬﻴﻨــﻪ؛ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﺣﺪﻯ ﺑﮕﺬﺭﺩ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﺨﻞ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﭘـﺲ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺷـﻤﺎ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋـﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷـﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﺸﺘﺎﻕ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﻨﺪ؟‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤــﻞ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻠــﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑــﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺷــﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺪﻳﻨﮕﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺁﺭﺍﻣﺶ ﺧﺎﻃﺮ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺭﻳﺴﻚ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻫﻰ ﺧﻮﺏ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺣﺎﻻ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺭﻳﺴــﻚ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻫﻰ ‪ 2‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 3‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭﻗﻄﻊ ﺍﺳــﺘﻘﺒﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺧﻮﺩ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮﮔﺬﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻭﺭﺍﻗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻮﺭﺱ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺨﻞ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺷــﻨﻴﺪﻩﺍﻡ ﺳﻮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ 30‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﻔﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﻞ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﻧﻊ ﻫﻢ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺑﺎﻳــﺪ ﻣﻘﺮﺭﺍﺕﺯﺩﺍﻳﻰ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﻮﺭﻡ‪ ،‬ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺘﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎﺯﻩ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺗﺎ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺧﻴﻠﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮء ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺭﻡ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ‬ ‫ﻣــﻰﺩﺍﺩ‪ .‬ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺭﻡ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﺎﻻﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻰﺧﺮﻳﺪﻳﻢ ﻳﻚ ﺗﺎ ﺩﻭ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﻝ ﺑﻌﺪ ‪ 20‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 30‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﮔﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﻰﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﻓﻜﺮ ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩﻳﻢ ﺳــﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻳﻢ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺳــﻮﺩ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺭﻡ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ‬ ‫ﺗــﻮﺭﻡ ﻛــﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺸــﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻚ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺵ‪ ،‬ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﺳــﺎﻳﺮ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻦ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺑﻮﺭﺱ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺎﻣﻮﺭ ﻧﮕﻪ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻦ ﺷــﺎﺧﺺ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺷــﺎﺧﺺ ﺑﺎﻳــﺪ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﻭ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎﻯ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺸــﺎﻥ ﺩﻫــﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻴﺖﻫﺎﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻧﻤﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﺷــﺎﺧﺺ ﺭﺍ ﺭﻭﺯﺁﻣﺪ ﻧﮕﻪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﺯﻳﺮﺍ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺖ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻰ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻮﺭﺱ ﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺳـﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺭﺷـﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻮﺭﺱ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﺭﻭﺷـﻨﻰ ﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻧﻤﻰﺷـﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﻰ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺑﻮﺭﺱ ﭼﻴﺴﺖ؟‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﺠﺰﻳﻪ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﺯ ﭼﻪ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ؛‬ ‫ﻳﻚﺳــﺮﻯ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﻟﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑــﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢ ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺖﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺟﺎﻯ ﻗﺪﺭﺩﺍﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺗﺸﻜﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺳﺮﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﻋﺪﻳﺪﻩﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭ ﻫﺴــﺘﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺑﻬﺮﻩﻭﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻛﺎﻻ ﻭ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﻣﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺭﻭﺯﺁﻣﺪ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﻴﺎﺱﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻧﻤﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻳﻰ ﻣﺠﻮﺯﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻴﻢ ﻣﺠﻮﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺭﺳــﺘﻰ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﮋﻯ ﻛﻼﻥ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺭﻓﺘﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﺴــﻴﺮ ﻫﺴــﺘﻴﻢ؛ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﺭﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﺭﻭﺷــﻦ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺭﻳﺸﻪ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﺠﺎﺳﺖ ﻭ ﭼﺮﺍ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻓﺖ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺁﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻬﺎﻯ ﺗﻤﺎﻡﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺯ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺭﻡ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛــﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻄــﻮﺭ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ‪ .‬ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨــﺪﻩ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑــﺎ ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖ ﻛﻨﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺑﻬﺎﻯ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻛﺎﻻ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺩﺭ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﻰﮔﺬﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖﭘﺬﻳﺮﻯ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻮﺭﺱ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭﻗﻄﻊ ﺳﻮﺩﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﺷﺪ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺷﻜﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺑﺒﻴﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻫﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻳﻚ ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺳــﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺳــﻮﺩ ﺳﭙﺮﺩﻩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﻴﻢ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﻤﺖ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻰ ﻭ ﻣﻮﻟﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﺩﻫﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﻳﻚ ﻭﺍﺳﻄﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﭘﻮﻝ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﺳﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺘــﻰ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺑﻬﺎﻯ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﭘﻮﻝ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﺑﺎﻻﻯ ‪21‬‬ ‫ﺗﺎ ‪ 22‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺳــﭙﺮﺩ ﻣﺜﺒﺘﻰ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻧﺮﺥ‬ ‫ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ‪ 26‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 27‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﺭﺳﻤﻰ ﺷﺎﻳﺪ ‪ 18‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﻧﺮﺥ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﻻ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ‪.‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﭘﻮﻝ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﺎ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻢ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﻩﺍﻯ ﺑﺒﻴﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻢ ﺑﮕﻮﻳﻴﻢ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻢ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﭘﻮﻝ ﻭ ﻫﻢ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻭ ﭘﻨﺠﻪ ﻧﺮﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻳﻚ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﻳﻚ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﻧﻈﺎﻡﻣﻨﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﭘﻮﻝ ﻫﻢ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﺑﮕﺬﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻑ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﭘﻮﻝ ﺑﺮ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ؛ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻛﻤﺮﻧﮓ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻳﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﺮﺥ ﺳــﻮﺩ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﮔﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺻﺮﻑ ﻧﻤﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﮕﺮ ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪ ﺳﻮﺩ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﭼﻘﺪﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ؟ ﺣﺪﺍﻛﺜﺮ ‪ 15‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻫﻢ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺳــﻮﺩﺩﻩ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳـﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺳﻬﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻮﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺳﻮﺩﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺁﻳﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﻫﻢ ﻧﺎﺷﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻌﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﻛﺮﺩﻳﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺤﺚﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻮﺭﺱ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﻧﻘﺪﺷﻮﻧﺪﮔﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﺩ ﻳﻚ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﻝ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰﻩ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ‪ .‬ﺳﻬﺎﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﻧﻤﻰﺩﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻬﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺧﺮﻳﺪﻩ ﺳﺮﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻛﻰ ﻧﻘﺪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺷﺎﻳﺪ ﻓﺮﺩﺍ ﺭﻭﺯﻯ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻔﺮﻭﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻧﻤﺎﺩﻫﺎ ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺴــﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﻧﻌﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﭘﻮﻝ ﻭ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺪﺕ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻰ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﺍﺣﺴﺎﺱ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻭ ﭘﻮﻟﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻗﻔﻞ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺎﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﻰ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﻮﺭﺱ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻯ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﺠﺎﻣﻊ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻯ ﻭ ﺑﻮﺭﺱ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺳــﺮﻋﺖ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭ ﻧﻬﺎﺩ ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺳﻮﺩﺩﻫﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺧﻮﺏ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺘﻰ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺧﻮﺏ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻪ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻳﻚ ﺩﻭﻣﻴﻨﻮ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻜﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩ ﻧﺘﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺧﻮﺏ ﺑﻔﺮﻭﺷــﻨﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﭘﻮﻝ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺴﻮﻳﻪ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺗﺴﻮﻳﻪ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻮﻕ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﺑــﺮ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﻧﻘﺪﻳﻨﮕﻰ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﻰﮔــﺬﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﻧﻘﺪﻳﻨﮕﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺭﻛﻮﺩ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ﺗﻮﺍﺯﻥ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﻭ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎﻯ ﭘﻮﻝ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﭘﻮﻝ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻑ ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺑﻤﺎﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﻫﺮ ﻧﺮﺧﻰ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﭘﻮﻟﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﭘﺲ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺷــﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺑﭙﺮﺩﺍﺯﺩ‪ ،‬ﺷــﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺪﻳــﺪ ﻛﻨــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺧﻮﺏ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ ﻭ ﺳــﺮﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻭﺧﻴﻢ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺸــﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻫﻢ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻯ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﺎﺯﺍﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺷﻌﺐ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕــﺮ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﻭﺭﻯ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻳﻰ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰﻫﺎ ﻧﺸــﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﺳﻨﺠﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺗﻰ ﺩﺍﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺸﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺳﻮﺩ ﺳﭙﺮﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﺩ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭﻗﻄﻊ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮﻯ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺗﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﺎﻳــﺪ ﺍﺻﻼﺣﺎﺕ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭﻗﻄﻊ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺳــﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺳﭙﺮﺩﻩ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﻮﺭﻡ ‪ 9‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻮﺩ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻﻯ ‪ 20‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻫﻤﺨﻮﺍﻧﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺭ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻢ ﺳــﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺮﺩﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻫﻢ ﺧﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﭼﺮﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﭽﺮﺧﺎﻧﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﻛﻮﺭﺩﺷﻜﻨﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﻜﻪ ﻭ ﺩﻻﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪96‬‬ ‫ﻧﺮﺥ ﺩﻻﺭ ﻭ ﺳﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺭﻭﺯ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺤــﻮﻻﺕ ﺗــﺎﺯﻩﺍﻯ ﻫﻤــﺮﺍﻩ ﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﻛﻮﺭﺩﻫــﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﺟﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺳﺖ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺍﻳﺴﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﺭﺯ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺳــﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺩﺳــﺘﺨﻮﺵ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻮﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪﻯ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻰ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺩﻻﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﻳﻚ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺑﻰﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪﺍﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺳﺖﻛﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ﺟﺎﺭﻯ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﻻﺭ ﺍﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺩﺭ ‪ 3‬ﻣﻬﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻃﻰ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺷﻴﺐ ﺻﻌﻮﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯﻫــﺎﻯ ﻗﺒــﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﺯ ‪ 3900‬ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﮔﺬﺷــﺖ ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﻴﺐ ﺻﻌﻮﺩﻯ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺩﻻﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻫﻢ ﻛﻠﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﻮﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ‪ 4‬ﻣﻬﺮ ﺩﻻﺭ ﺑﻪ ‪ 3906‬ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ‪ 6‬ﻣﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﻗﻴﻤــﺖ ‪ 3911‬ﺗﻮﻣــﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺭﻭﺯ ﻣﻬﺮ ﺑﻪ ‪ 3916‬ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺩﻻﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻴﺐ ﺗﻨﺪﺗﺮﻯ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ‪ 11‬ﻣﻬﺮ ﺩﻻﺭ‬ ‫‪ 3930‬ﺗﻮﻣــﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﻓﺮﻭﺧﺘﻪ ﺷــﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺶ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 15‬ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﻻﺭ ﺑــﺎ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴــﻴﺮ ﺩﺭ ‪13‬ﻣﻬﺮ ﺑــﻪ ‪ 3948‬ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ‪15‬ﻣﻬــﺮ ﺑــﻪ ﻳﻜﺒﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ‪ 3971‬ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪ ﺗﺎ ﮔﺮﺍﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﻻﺭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﻬﺮ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺴــﻴﺮ ﺗﺪﺍﻭﻡ ﺩﺍﺷــﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﺩﻭﺷــﻨﺒﻪ ‪ 17‬ﻣﻬﺮ ﺩﻻﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻧﺨﺴــﺘﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 1395‬ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﺯ ‪ 4000‬ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷــﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻛﻮﺭﺩ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﻯ ﺩﺳــﺖ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﮔﺸﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﻻﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺭﻭﺯ ‪ 4041‬ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﺷــﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻰﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺩﻻﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 2‬ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺸــﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺣــﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 140‬ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺳــﻜﻪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺗﺤﺖﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺩﻻﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴــﻴﺮ ﺻﻌﻮﺩﻯ ﮔﺎﻡ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷــﺖ‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﻃﻮﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺷــﺮﻭﻉ ﻣﻬﺮ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻴﻠﻴــﻮﻥ ﻭ ‪ 237‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻣــﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻓﺮﻭﺧﺘﻪ ﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯﻫــﺎﻯ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻃﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﺴــﻴﺮ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺸــﻰ ﺩﺭ ‪ 17‬ﻣﻬﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻣــﺮﺯ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻭ ‪ 300‬ﻫــﺰﺍﺭ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺑــﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﻭ ‪312‬‬ ‫ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺩﺭ ‪ 17‬ﺭﻭﺯ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ‪ 75‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﭘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻰ ﺑﻼﺭﻭﺱ ﺭﻗﻴﺐ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﻴﺖﻛﻮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻧﻮﻳﺴــﺎﻥ ﺑــﻼﺭﻭﺱ‪ ،‬ﭘــﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜــﻰ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺑــﺎ ﻧﺎﻡ »ﺗﺎﻟﺮ«‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﻭ ﻋﺮﺿــﻪ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ ‪.‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻠﻨــﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘــﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜــﻰ ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺖﻛﻮﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﺭﻳﺘﻢ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ ﻳﻜﭙﺎﺭﭼﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻰ ﺷﺎﺧﺼﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺘﻰ ﻻﺯﻡ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻣﻦ ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﻧﺘﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺳــﺎﺯﻧﺪﮔﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻟــﺮ‪ ،‬ﺧﺮﻭﺝ ﺗﺴــﻠﻂ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﺑــﺮ ﻣﻌﺎﻣــﻼﺕ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻼﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﭘﻮﻝ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﺭﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻧﻮﻳﺴــﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻼﺭﻭﺳﻰ ﺍﻣﻴﺪﻭﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺕ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻧــﺮﺥ ﺗﻮﺭﻡ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻧــﺮﺥ ﻭﺍﻡ ﻭ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﭘﻮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺠﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﻧﺘﻰ ﺷﻮﺩ ‪.‬ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﭘــﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺣــﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻧﻈــﺎﻡ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﻧــﻰ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺗــﺎ ﻛﻨــﻮﻥ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻫــﺎﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺴــﺘﻢﻋﺎﻣﻞﻫﺎﻯ ﻭﻳﻨﺪﻭﺯ ﻭ ﻟﻴﻮﻧﻴﻜﺲ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﻮﻝ ﺟﺪﻳــﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺯﺍﻯ ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻟــﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ ‪ 10‬ﺭﻭﺑﻞ ﺑﻼﺭﻭﺱ ) ‪ (10BYN=1TLR‬ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻝ ‪ 5‬ﺩﻻﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﭘــﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻰ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻰ ﻋﻼﻗﻪﻣﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﺍﺳــﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻧﭙﺬﻳﺮ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺗﻤﺎﻣــﻰ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻳــﮕﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ ﻗــﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﺩ ‪.‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺗﺎﻟﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻰ ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻣﺰﻧﮕﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺘﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﻴﺖﻛﻮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺩﻳﮕــﺮ ﭘﻮﻝﻫــﺎﻯ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﺳــﺖ ‪.‬ﻧــﺎﻡ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜــﻰ ﺟﺪﻳــﺪ ﺑﺮﮔﺮﻓﺘــﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺎﻟﺮ )‪ (Thaler‬ﺳــﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻘــﺮﻩﺍﻯ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 400‬ﺳــﺎﻝ )ﻗﺮﻥ ‪ (15‬ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪.‬‬