روزنامه گسترش تجارت شماره 285 - مگ لند
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روزنامه گسترش تجارت شماره 285

روزنامه گسترش تجارت شماره 285

روزنامه گسترش تجارت شماره 285

‫ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻰ ﺻﺒﺢ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﮔﺰﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻴﺴﺖ ﻭ ﺩﻭﻣﻴﻦ ﺳﺎﻟﺮﻭﺯ ﻣﻠﻰ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩ ﺗﺤﻮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺷﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫‪ 29‬ﻣﻬﺮ ‪1396‬‬ ‫ﺍﻭﻝ ﺻﻔﺮ ‪1439‬‬ ‫‪ 21‬ﺍﻛﺘﺒﺮ ‪2017‬‬ ‫‪ 20‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺭ‬ ‫»ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ ﻋﺰﻡ ﻣﻠﻰ«‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫‪www.Tejaratdaily.com‬‬ ‫‪http://Telegram.me/Tejaratdaily‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 285‬ﭘﻴﺎﭘﻰ ‪ 8 434‬ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ‪1000 :‬ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻜﻴﻢ ﻫﻮﻳﺖ ﻣﻠﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ‪2‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﭘﻮﻳﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ‪3‬‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ‪4‬‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻓﺎﻭﺍ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﻣﺪﺭﻥ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ‪5‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻳﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻃﻔﻪ ﺧﺴﺮﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺳـﺎﻝ ‪ 1376‬ﻳـﻚ ﺭﻭﺯ ﻣﻠـﻰ ﺑـﺮﺍﻯ ﺻـﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺗﻌﺮﻳـﻒ ﻛﺮﺩﻳـﻢ ﻭ ﻫﺮ ﺳـﺎﻝ ‪29‬ﻣﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﺑـﻪ ﭘـﺎﺱ ﻗﺪﺭﺩﺍﻧـﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻼﺷـﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﻋﺮﺻـﻪ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺘـﻪ ﺗﺤﻠﻴـﻞ ﺁﺧﺮﻳـﻦ ﻭﺿﻌﻴـﺖ‬ ‫ﺻـﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﺎﻳﺸـﻰ ﺑﺮﮔﺰﺍﺭ ﺷـﺪ ﻛـﻪ ﮔﺎﻫـﻰ ﺭﻳﻴﺲﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻫـﺎ ﺁﻣﺪﻧﺪ ﻭ ﮔﺎﻫـﻰ ﻫﻢ ﻧﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳـﺎﻝﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ ﻟﺰﻭﻡ ﺭﺷـﺪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻛﺸـﻮﺭ ﺗﺎﻛﻴـﺪ ﻛﺮﺩﻳﻢ ﻭ ﻛﻢﻛﻢ ﺑـﻪ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻰﻫﺎ ﻫﻢ ﭘﻰ ﺑﺮﺩﻳﻢ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺍﺳـﺘﻴﻢ ﺳـﻬﻢ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﺎﻻ‬ ‫ﺑﺒﺮﻳﻢ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻳﻢ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﻯ ﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺷﺪﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻴﻢ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻳﻢ؛ ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻳﻢ ﭼﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺭﻗﻢ ﻛﻨﻮﻧﻰ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﻭ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﻧﺘﻮﺍﻧﺴﺘﻪﺍﻳﻢ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻜﺮﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻭ ﻟﺰﻭﻡ ﺭﺷـﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﮔﻔﺘﻦ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺎ ﺷـﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ »ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ ﻋﺰﻡ ﻣﻠﻰ« )ﺷﻌﺎﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﻣﻠﻰ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻣﺴﺎﻝ( ﺗﺤﻮﻟﻰ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻛﺮﺩ؛ ﺗﺤﻮﻟﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﺍﻣﺴـﺎﻝ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻣﻴﺪ ﺑﻪ ﭼﺸـﻢﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺷـﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻋﻤﻞ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺣﺮﻑﻫﺎ ﻋﺠﻴﻦ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ‪7‬‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺖ ﻭ ﮔﻮ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻫﻰ ﺟﺰ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ‪2‬‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻴﺪ ﺑﺎﺑﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪﺩ ﻣﺘﻮﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻧﺎﻛﺎﻣﻰ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ‪6‬‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻫﺒﺮﺩﻯ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺎ »ﺑﺴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺘﻰ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ«‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ ﺑﻬﺮﺍﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ‪8‬‬ ‫ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﻏﻼﻣﻌﻠﻰ ﺭﻣﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺕ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﻞ ﻫﻮﺍﻳﻰ ﻛﺎﻻ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ‪3‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﺮﺿﺎ ﺑﺤﻴﺮﺍﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ‪6‬‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻫﺎﺩ ﻓﺰﻭﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﻧﺴﺨﻪﺍﻯ ﺷﻔﺎﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻣﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺷﺮﻳﻌﺘﻤﺪﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺖ ﺭﻭﺯ ﻣﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﭘﻴﺎﻣﻰ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺘﻦ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪» :‬ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻓﺮﻳﻨﺎﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺘﮕﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺗﺠﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯﺭﮔﺎﻧﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮﺍﻥ ﻋﺰﻳﺰ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﺳﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﻳﻚ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻭ ﻭﺳــﻌﺖ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻧﺒﻮﻩ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺎﻥ ﺗﺤﺼﻴﻠﻜﺮﺩﻩ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻫﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﺎﺗﻴﺪ ﻋﺎﻟﻢ‪ ،‬ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﺎﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻨﺴــﻴﻦﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﺎﻫﺮ ﻭ ﻓﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﻛﻠﻜﺴــﻴﻮﻧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺫﺧﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﺍﺳــﺘﺜﻨﺎﻳﻰ ژﺋﻮﭘﻮﻟﻮﺗﻴﻚ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺩﻩ ﺁﺑﻰ ﻭ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳــﻰ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﺏﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﺮﺍﻭﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻭ ﻛﺸﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ‪ ،‬ﻣﻰﻃﻠﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺳــﻬﻢ ﻣﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ‪ ،‬ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻧﻔﺖ ﻳﻚ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ‪ 180‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺩﻻﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻓﻖ ‪ 1404‬ﻫﺪﻑﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺷــﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ‪ 8‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺒﺮﻡ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻛﻨﻮﻧﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻧﻴﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺳﻨﺪ ﭼﺸﻢﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﺴﺘﻠﺰﻡ ﺗﻼﺵ ﺑﻰﻭﻗﻔﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻓﺮﻳﻨﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺩﺳﺖﺍﻧﺪﺭﻛﺎﺭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻓﺰﻭﻥ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺳﻄﻮﺡ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﭘﻴﺶﺭﻭ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺟﻠﺐ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺖ ﻭ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻫﻰ ﻫﻤﻪﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚﺳــﻮ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭﻯ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻳﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻨﺠﺎﻧﺐ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﻓﺮﺍﻣﻴﻦ ﺭﻫﺒﺮ ﻓﺮﺯﺍﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻰ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺘﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﻭﻥﮔﺮﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﻮﺭﻳﺖ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺴﺨﻪﺍﻯ ﺷﻔﺎﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻨﻮﻧﻰ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻣﻠﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﺍﻧﻢ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻥ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪﺍﻡ ﻭ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻬﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﺸــﻪ ﺷــﺎﻣﻞ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻠﺖ ﺑﺰﺭگ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺳﺮﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﻋﺰﻳﺰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻫﻰ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻼﺵ‪ ،‬ﻛﻮﺷﺶ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻯ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﻭﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﻠﻨﺪﺁﻭﺍﺯﻩ ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﻦ ﻧﺎﻡ ﻧﺸــﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧــﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻳﮕﻰ‪ ،‬ﺧﺎﻭﺭﻣﻴﺎﻧﻪ ﻭ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎﻳﻰ ﻭ ﻋﻠﻰﺭﻏﻢ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﻌﻴﺾﺁﻣﻴﺰ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻪ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻋﺰﻳﺰ ﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴــﻴﺮ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻬﻨﺪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻫﺪﻓﻰ ﺩﺳﺖﻳﺎﻓﺘﻨﻰ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻡ‪ .‬ﻳﻚﺑﺎﺭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻬﺎﻧﻪ ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻰ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪﮔﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺧﺪﻣﺘﮕﺰﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﻫﻤﻪﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺶﺭﻭ‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﻛﺴــﺐ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﺮﺭﺍﺕﺯﺩﺍﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺯﻳﺮﺳــﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻼﺣﺎﺕ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺧﺼﻮﺻــﺎ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻠﻴﺪﻯ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻣﻠﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺳــﺮﻟﻮﺣﻪ ﻭﻇﺎﻳﻒ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺩﺳﺖﺍﻧﺪﺭﻛﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ »ﺟﻬﺎﺩ ﻣﻘﺪﺱ« ﺍﻓﺘﺨﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻢ‪«.‬‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻂ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺁپ ﺩﻭﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ ﺭﻳﺎﻝ‪ -‬ﻟﻴﺮ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻴﺴــﺎﻥ ﻛﻞ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻯ ﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻯ ﺍﺳــﻼﻣﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻛﻴــﻪ‪ ،‬ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﻭ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺷــﺪﻥ ﻣﻮﺍﻓﻘﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺩﻭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺳــﻮﺁپ ﺩﻭﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ ﺭﻳﺎﻝ‪ -‬ﻟﻴﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﺭﺳﻤﻰ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺗﺎﺭﻧﻤﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻯ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺳــﻔﺮ ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺭﻳﻴﺲﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﻼﻣﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻧﻜﺎﺭﺍ‪» ،‬ﻭﻟﻰﺍﷲ ﺳــﻴﻒ« ﻭ »ﻣﺮﺍﺩ ﭼﺎﺗﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﻳﺎ« ﺭﻳﻴﺴﺎﻥ ﻛﻞ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻯ ﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻯ ﺍﺳــﻼﻣﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﻣﺬﺍﻛﺮﺍﺕ ﺩﻭﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺳﻨﺪ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺳــﻮﺁپ ﺩﻭﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ ﺭﻳﺎﻝ‪ -‬ﻟﻴﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻣﻀﺎ ﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﭘﻴﺶﻧﻮﻳﺲ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳــﻨﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﻔﺮ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﺳــﻴﻒ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ ﺗﻮﺍﻓﻖ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﺩﻭ ﻃﺮﻑ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ‪5‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﻟﻴﺮ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻳﺎﻝ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎﻯ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺩﻭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻳﻜﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﺗﺨﺼﻴﺺ ﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﮔﺸــﺎﻳﺶ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﺳــﻨﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﺯﺭﮔﺎﻧﺎﻥ ﺩﻭ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺮﺭﺳﻴﺪ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﻳﻚﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﻓﻘﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻞ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺭﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻠــﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ »ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ« ﻭ »ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ« ﺩﻭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ‪ ،‬ﺭﻳﺎﻝ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻟﻴﺮ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﺣﺘﻰ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﻳﻜﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﺩﺍﺷــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺒﺪﻳــﻞ ﻭ ﻧﻘﻞ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻻﺕ ﻭﺟﻮﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺯﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺯﺭﮔﺎﻧﺎﻥ ﻫﺮ ﺩﻭ ﻃﺮﻑ‪ ،‬ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺭﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﻭﺍﺳﻂ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺳــﻮﺋﻴﭻ ﻣﻠﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ ﻣﻘﺮﺭ ﺷﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭ‬ ‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻧﺸﺴــﺘﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﺯﻳﺮﺳــﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﻨﻰ ﻭ ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻻﺯﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻯ ﺩﻭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﺮﮔﺰﺍﺭ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺻــﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﺤﻘــﻖ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻣﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣــﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷــﻬﺮﻭﻧﺪﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧــﻰ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪﺍﻯ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﺸــﺘﺮﻙ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺳﻔﺮ ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﺍﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻴﺲﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﺮﺭ ﺷــﺪ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻠﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺯﺭﺍﻋﺖ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺍﻓﻘﻨﺎﻣﻪﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﻭ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﺍﻣﻀﺎ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺁﻥ ﺧﻂ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﺭﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻠﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺤﻠﻰ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺍﻳﺮﻧﺎ‪ ،‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﺳــﻮﺁپ ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻭﺿﻪ ﻳﺎ ﺗﺎﺧﺖ ﻧﻮﻋﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﺸﺘﻘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﻳﻚ ﻃﺮﻑ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﺎﻭﺿﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻮﺍﻳﺪ ﻧﺎﺷﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻮﺍﻳﺪ ﻧﺎﺷﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﻃﺮﻑ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﭼﻘﺪﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﺳﭙﺮﺩﻩ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ؟‬ ‫ﺣﺠــﻢ ﺳــﭙﺮﺩﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻏﻴﺮﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺣــﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 1332‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺍﻳﺴــﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺳــﭙﺮﺩﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﻭ ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﺁﻥ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻏﻴﺮﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺗﺎﺯﻩﺗﺮﻳــﻦ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻐﻴﻴــﺮ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻮﻻﺕ ﭘﻮﻟﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫــﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺳــﭙﺮﺩﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻏﻴﺮﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 1332‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻘﺪﻳﻨﮕﻰ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻚ ﺑﻪ ‪ 1370‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺳﭙﺮﺩﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺳﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺮ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺁﻥ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻣﺴﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺮﺩﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 9 .24‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻭ ﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ﻣﺮﺩﺍﺩ ‪ 1395‬ﺑﻪ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ 30‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﺩﺍﺷــﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ ﺳــﭙﺮﺩﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻏﻴﺮﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻣﺴــﺎﻝ ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 1394‬ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ 500‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﺮ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺳــﭙﺮﺩﻩﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺪﺕﺩﺍﺭ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪﻭﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺳﺎﻻﻧﻪ ﻛﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ‪ 5‬ﻣﺎﻩ ﻧﺨﺴــﺖ ﺍﻣﺴﺎﻝ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 7 .9‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫‪ 9 .8‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﺩﺭ ‪ 5‬ﻣﺎﻩ ﻧﺨﺴــﺖ ﺳﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺳﭙﺮﺩﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ‪ 3‬ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺳــﭙﺮﺩﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻳﺪﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺪﺕﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺽﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻪ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺪﺕﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﺳﭙﺮﺩﻩ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﻧﺰﺩ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 1118‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻗﻤﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳــﭙﺮﺩﻩﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﺍﻋﻢ ﺍﺯ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻰ ﻭ ﺣﻘﻮﻗﻰ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﻏﻴﺮﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺴﺎﺏﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺪﺕﺩﺍﺭ ﺛﺒﺖ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻡ ﻭ ﻧﺎﻡﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﮔﻰ‬ ‫ﺁﺩﺭﺱ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﺸﺮﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ﺗﻠﻔﻦ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﻭ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﺪﻣﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﺪ ﭘﺴﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻄﻔﺎ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎﺕ ﺫﻳﻞ ﺭﺍ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 88722735‬ﻓﻜﺲ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ ‪ tozi.smtnews@gmail.com‬ﺍﻳﻤﻴﻞ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻳﻴﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺮ ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪ ‪ 2‬ﻧﺸﺮﻳﻪ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻫﻔﺘﻪﻧﺎﻣﻪ‪ ،‬ﺩﻭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻭ‪ ...‬ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪Telegram.me/smtnews‬‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ‪7‬‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﻼﻥ‬ ‫ﺷﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫‪ 29‬ﻣﻬﺮ ‪1396‬‬ ‫ﺍﻭﻝ ﺻﻔﺮ ‪1439‬‬ ‫‪ 21‬ﺍﻛﺘﺒﺮ ‪2017‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺩﻭﻡ ‪ /‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ‪ /285‬ﭘﻴﺎﭘﻰ‪434‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻫﻰ ﺟﺰ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﺳــﻨﺪ ﺑﻮﺩﺟﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻩ ﻭ ﺭﺳــﻢ ﺩﺧــﻞ ﻭ ﺧــﺮﺝ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﺴــﺎﻝ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺮﺳﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨــﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ‪ 2‬ﺑﺨــﺶ ﺍﺻﻠــﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻫــﺎ ﻭ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎ ﺗﺸــﻜﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺨﺶ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻃﻔﻪ ﺧﺴﺮﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤــﻮﻉ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻫــﺎﻯ ﻧﻔﺘــﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﺩﺑﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﺗﺸــﻜﻴﻞ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﺼﺎﺭﻑ ﻳــﺎ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖﻫﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻣﺠﻤــﻮﻉ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫــﺎﻯ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻰ ﻭ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧــﺖ ﺗﻌﻬﺪﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺩﻳﻮﻥ ﺗﺸــﻜﻴﻞ ﺷــﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﻮﺍﺯﻥ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻭ ﻣﺼﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺧﻞ ﻭ ﺧﺮﺝ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﻫﻢ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺑﻮﺩﺟﻪ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺴــﺮﻯ ﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﭘﻮﺷــﺶ ﻛﺴﺮ ﺑﻮﺩﺟﻪ ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻳﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻰﺿﺮﺭ ﻫﻢ ﻧﻴﺴــﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻣــﺎ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺪﺗﺮ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻮﺍﺯﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻰ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻭﺍﺑﺴــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺖ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻜﺴــﺎﻝ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻭ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪﻫــﺎﻯ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺑﻮﺩﺟﻪﺭﻳﺰﺍﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻼﺵ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺴــﺮ ﺑﻮﺩﺟﻪ ﻧﺎﺷــﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﻧﻔﺖ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻘﻒ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻻﻧﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻭﺍﺑﺴﺘﮕﻰ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻻﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﺪﺭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺩﻭﻟﺖﻫﺎ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ؛ ﭼﻨﺎﻧﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪91‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻭﺍﺑﺴــﺘﮕﻰ ﺑﻮﺩﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻔﺖ ‪40‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‪ ،‬ﺳﺎﻝ ‪92‬‬ ‫ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪42‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‪ ،‬ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 93‬ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪39‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻭ ﺳــﺎﻝ‬ ‫‪ 94‬ﺣــﺪﻭﺩ ‪30‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﺣــﺪﻭﺩ ‪25‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﻫﺎﻳــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﻚﻣﺤﺼﻮﻟﻰ ﻭ ﺍﺛﺮﺍﺕ ﺳــﻮﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﭘﺪﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘــﻰ ﺍﺯﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺍﻫــﺪﺍﻑ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺁﻳــﺪ ﻭ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘــﻰ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺗﻘﺶ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺰﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻠﻰ ﻭ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑﻰ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺷﺪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﻴــﺰ ﺭﺍﻫــﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺟــﺰ ﺗﻌﻴﻴــﻦ ﺍﺳــﺘﺮﺍﺗﮋﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻣﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺖ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺩﺭﺳــﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺣﻔﻆ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﮔﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻣﮕﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻳﻚ ﺭﺍﻫﺒﺮﺩ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻭ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑــﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺁﻣــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻫﺮ ﻛــﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‬ ‫ﺑــﺎ ﺍﻣﺮ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩﻳﻪﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺗﺸــﻜﻞﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗــﻰ ﻭ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕﺭﺳــﺎﻧﻰ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻴــﻞ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻤﻪ‪ ،‬ﺣﻤﻞ ﻭ ﻧﻘﻞ ﻭ‪ ...‬ﺑﻪ ﻭﻇﺎﻳﻒ ﺧﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﮔﻰ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﻻ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﻪﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺁﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕــﺮ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻛﺎﻻﻫــﺎﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﺍﺻﻠﻰﺗﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘــﻰ ﭼﺎﺭﻩﺍﻯ ﺟﺰ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳــﻤﺖ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻳﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻴﭻ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻯ ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﻧﺘﻮﺍﻧﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻯ ﺯﻳﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫــﺮ ﭼﻪ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﻭ ﺑﻬﺒــﻮﺩ ‪ 4‬ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ‪ ،‬ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺳﻬﻢ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺘﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﮔﻔﺖ؛ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺮﺭﺍﺕ ﻳﻜﺴــﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﻄﻮﺡ ﻣﻠﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪﺍﻯ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪﺳــﺎﺯ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﮔﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﺪﻑ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳــﺶ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺘﺎﺳﻔﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻧﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺿﻊ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﻴﻢ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺗﺎﺟﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﺴــﺎﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩﺍﻯ ﻧﻪ ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳــﺖ ﺩﻫﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺘﻰ ﻭ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﻄﺒﺎﻕ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﻓﻘﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﻭ ﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻳﻰ ﻭ ﺟــﺬﺏ ﻣﺼﺮﻑﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺕﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﻛــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺍﺗﻜﺎﻯ ﻭﺍﺑﺴــﺘﮕﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺑــﻪ ﺩﻻﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﻣﻰﺍﻧﺠﺎﻣــﺪ ﻻﺯﻡ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻼﺵ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬــﺖ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻯ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻧﺸــﺎﻥ )ﺑﺮﻧﺪ(ﺳــﺎﺯﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﺭﺗﺒــﺎﻁ ﺑــﺎ ﺭﻗﺒــﺎﻯ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘــﻞ ﻭ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ‪ ،‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵﻫــﺎﻯ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺳﻠﻴﻘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻳﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻰ ﻧﺸﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ)ﺑﺮﻧﺪ(‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺗﺮ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗــﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺸــﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺴــﺘﻪﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﻭ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻯ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺎﻩ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﮔﺎﻡ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﺍﻏﻠﺐ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺭﺍﻫﺒﺮﺩﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ »ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯﺳﺨﺖ«‬ ‫ﺑـﻪ »ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻧـﺮﻡ« ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺩﺍﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﺩﺍﻳﻢ ﺑـﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﻠﺖﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﻨـﺪ ﺯﻭﺩﺗـﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﮕـﺮﺍﻥ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭﻙ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑـﺎ ﺁﻥ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺷـﻮﻧﺪ ﻓﺮﺻﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞﺗﻮﺟﻬﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳـﻌﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻣﻰﺁﻭﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺯﻫﺮﺍ ﻃﻬﺮﺍﻧﻰ‬ ‫‪ trade@tejaratdaily.com‬ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻴﺸـﻴﻨﻪ ﻏﻨـﻰ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺍﺳـﻼﻣﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﻭ ﻫﻨﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺯﺍﻳﺶ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳـﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺧﻼﻕ‪ ،‬ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﺻـﻪ ﺛﺮﻭﺕﺁﻓﺮﻳﻨﻰ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻪﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻛﺸـﻮﺭ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺷـﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺿﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻛﺎﻻﻯ ﺧﻼﻕ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻛﺎﻻﻯ ﺧﻼﻕ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺳـﻮﺩﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﻣﺎﻟـﻰ‪ ،‬ﻫﻮﻳﺖ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻠﺖ ﺗﺤﻜﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻰ ﻣﻰﺷـﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺧﻼﻕ‬ ‫ﺷـﺎﻣﻞ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻌﻰ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺧﺎﻡ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﺍﺕ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺳـﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﻓﻜﺮﻯ ﻭ ﺧﻼﻗﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ‪ ،‬ﻫﻨﺮﻯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻰ ﻭ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﺍﻧﻪ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﻭ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺎﻟﻜﻴﺖ ﻣﻌﻨﻮﻯ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺳﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳـﺘﺮﺍﺗﮋﻯ ﻛﺴـﺐ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﺎﻧﺎﺩﺍ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪» :‬ﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺢ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻴﻢ ﺑﻴﺸـﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷـﻴﻢ ﺗﺎ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﺤﺾ؛ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ ﺳـﺨﻦ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺼﺮﻑﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻴﭻ ﻭﺟﻪ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻓﺘﻨﻰ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪« .‬‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ »ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﻳﺎ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻭ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻼﻕ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺍﺷـﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸـﻮﺭ ﺑﺎ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ«‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳـﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺳـﻌﻪ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺷـﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻰ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻤﻨﺪﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺧـﻼﻕ ﻭ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺷـﺘﻐﺎﻟﺰﺍﻳﻰ ﻭ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻰ ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯﺳـﺎﺯﻯ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﺑﺮ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﻭ ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ ﻧﻘﺸﻪ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺭﻭﺷﻨﻰ ﺭﺍ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻻﻥ ﻭ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻥ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺧﻼﻕ‪ ،‬ﺧﻸﻳﻰ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺩﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻜﻴﻢ ﻫﻮﻳﺖ ﻣﻠﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﻘــﺶ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕــﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺟﻮﺍﻣﻊ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺭﺷــﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻜﻤﻞ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﺩﺍﻧﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺧﺎﺻﻰ ﻣﺒﺬﻭﻝ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻫﺮﻡ ﻗﻮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻞ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻩﺣﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺒﻰ ﺩﺭ ﭼﺎﺭﻩﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﺑﺤﺮﺍﻥﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺎﺭﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﻙ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﻭ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺧﻼﻕ‪ ،‬ﺷﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫‪116‬ﺷــﻬﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬــﺎﻥ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻋﻀﻮ ﺷــﺒﻜﻪ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺷــﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻼﻕ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪ 2‬ﺷــﻬﺮ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ؛ ﺍﺻﻔﻬﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺭﺷــﺖ‪ .‬ﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺷﻴﺮﺍﺯ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻦ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻼﻕ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺑﻴﺮ ﻣﻴﺰ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﻧﻮﺁﻭﺭﺍﻧﻪ ﻭ ﺧﻼﻕ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﺻﻔﻬﺎﻥ ﺗﺎ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻀﻮﻳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻼﻕ‪ ،‬ﻫﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻓﺮﺍﻭﺍﻧﻰ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪﺍﻯ ﻭ ﻫﻢ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺧﻼﻕ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻫﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳــﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﻣﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺒﻰ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﭘﻴﻮﺳــﺘﻦ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﺒﻜﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺷــﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻼﻕ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻔﻬــﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨــﻪ ﻗﻠــﻢﻛﺎﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﺮﻭﺯﻩﻛﻮﺑــﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﻨﺎﻛﺎﺭﻯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺗﻢﺳــﺎﺯﻯ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻟﻰﺑﺎﻓﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺒﺖﻛﺎﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻧﻤﺪﻣﺎﻟﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﻠﻴﻠﻪﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻣﺤﻠﻰ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﻭ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ)ﺑﺮﻧﺪ(ﺷﺪﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﭘﻴﻮﺳــﺘﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﺷــﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻼﻕ‪ ،‬ﺟﺬﺏ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮ ﻭ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻴﺠــﻪ ﺍﺭﺯﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺻﻔﻬــﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳــﻴﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﺳــﻢﺧﺎﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔــﻮ ﺑﺎ »ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ«‬ ‫ﺗﺼﺮﻳﺢ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺷــﻬﺮ ﺭﺷﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺗﻨﻮﻉ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫)ﺑﻴــﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ 170‬ﻧﻮﻉ ﻏﺬﺍ( ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﺭﺳــﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﺷــﭙﺰﻯ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺘﻪ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﻙﺷﻨﺎﺳﻰ ﺷــﺒﻜﻪ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻕ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺁﻏﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺷــﻬﺮ ﺭﺷﺖ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ؛ ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻻﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨــﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺟﺸــﻨﻮﺍﺭﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﻄﺢ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺭﺷﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﺻﺮﻑ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﺱ ﺁﺷــﭙﺰﻯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺭﺳــﺘﻮﺭﺍﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ )ﺑﺎ ﭘﺨﺖ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻮﻣﻰ( ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﻫﺘﻞﻫﺎ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻰ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ :‬ﺷــﻴﺮﺍﺯ ﻫﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺳــﺘﺎﻧﻪ ﭘﻴﻮﺳــﺘﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺷــﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻼﻕ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰﺭﺳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺷﺎﻋﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﺸﻬﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﺤﻴﻂﻫﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﭼﻮﻥ ﺁﺭﺍﻣﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺷــﺎﻋﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺰﺭگ )ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺸﺎﻋﺮﻩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺴــﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﺩﺑﻰ(‪ ،‬ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻼﻕ‬ ‫ﺑﭙﻴﻮﻧــﺪﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﻻﺯﻣﻪ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﻴﻮﻧــﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻓﻀﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺩﺑﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﺱ ﻭ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺩﺑﻴﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻭﻳﺞ ﺍﺩﺑﻴﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺮﮔﺰﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻫﻤﺎﻳﺶﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺩﺑﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺷﻴﺮﺍﺯ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﭘﺬﻳﺮﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻰ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ)ﺑﺮﻧﺪ( »ﺷﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﺩﺑﻰ«‪ ،‬ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺟﺎﺫﺑﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﺍﺳﺮ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻰ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺑﻴﺮ ﻣﻴﺰ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﻧﻮﺁﻭﺭﺍﻧﻪ ﻭ ﺧﻼﻕ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻠﻰ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺷﺮﻳﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻣﻰﮔﺬﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎ ﺻﺪﻫﺎ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺩﻻﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﻧﺼﻴﺐ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﺎﺩﺭﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺛــﺮﻭﺕ ﻣﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻟــﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷــﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺳــﻢﺧﺎﻧﻰ ﺗﺼﺮﻳﺢ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺷــﻚ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﻭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺸــﺨﺼﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻧﻜــﺮﺩﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺳــﺒﺐ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺻﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭ ﺗﺴﻠﺴــﻠﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳــﺶ ﻧﻘﺪﻳﻨﮕﻰ‪ ،‬ﺗــﻮﺭﻡ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺳــﻮ ﻭﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺘﻰ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻭ ﺍﻓﻮﻝ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻫﺴﺘﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻭﺍﺑﺴﺘﮕﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻯ ﺳﻨﺪ ﭼﺸﻢﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯ ‪ 1404‬ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻭ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﺍﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻴﺸــﻴﻨﻪ ﻏﻨﻰ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺍﺳــﻼﻣﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﺨﺶ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﻭ ﻫﻨﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺯﺍﻳﺶ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻴﺪﺭﺿﺎ ﺣﺮﻳﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﺳﻢﺧﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺣﺠﺖﺍﻟﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﺩﺧﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺭﺷﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻓﻘﻴﺖﻧﻴﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺭﻗﻢﻫﺎﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺮ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺯﺍﻳﺶ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺧﻼﻕ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺛﺮﻭﺕﺁﻓﺮﻳﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺭﻥ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺯﺁﻣﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﻫﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺧﻼﻕ‪ ،‬ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺮﺻﻪ‬ ‫ﺛﺮﻭﺕﺁﻓﺮﻳﻨﻰ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺩﺑﻴﺮ ﻣﻴــﺰ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﻧﻮﺁﻭﺭﺍﻧﻪ ﻭ ﺧﻼﻕ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺗﺠــﺎﺭﺕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣــﺎﺕ ﻛﻠﻴﺪﻯ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺘﻰ ﻛــﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺳــﻄﺢ ﻣﻠﺖ ‪ -‬ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺑﺨﺸــﻴﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺧﻼﻕ‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ؛ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﭼﺎﺭﭼﻮﺏﻫﺎﻯ ﺣﻘﻮﻗﻰ ﻭ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺑﻮﺩﺟﻪ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﻭ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺯﻳﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺭﺍﻫﺒﺮﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴــﻦ ﺁﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺳــﺮﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈــﻮﺭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳﺰﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻠــﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﻣﺸــﺎﻏﻞ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕــﻰ ﻭ ﺧﻼﻕ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ )‪ (EMC‬ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﺤﺼــﻮﻻﺕ ﻧﻮﺁﻭﺭﺍﻧﻪ ﻭ ﺧﻼﻕ ﻣﻠﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫــﺎﻯ ﻫﺪﻑ‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺮﻩﮔﻴــﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺭﺍﻳﺰﻧــﺎﻥ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯﺭﮔﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻳﺮ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻞ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺼــﻮﻻﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ ﻭ ﺧﻼﻕ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫــﺎﻯ ﻫﺪﻑ‪ ،‬ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻦ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺍﺋــﻪ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺘــﻰ ﻭ ﺗﺸــﻮﻳﻘﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺍﻋﻄﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺎﺗﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻤﻪﺍﻯ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﺸﻮﻕﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳﺰﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻰ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻟﺰﺍﻳﻰ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻌﺎﻭﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺩﺭﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﺁﻭﺭﺍﻧﻪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻋﻄﺎﻯ ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺟﺬﺏ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺖ ﻭ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﺁﻭﺭﺍﻧﻪ ﻭ ﺧﻼﻕ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻭ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻭ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺯﻳﺮﺳــﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺧﻼﻕ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﻄﺢ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺨﺸــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻕ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺑﻴﺮ ﻣﻴــﺰ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﻧﻮﺁﻭﺭﺍﻧﻪ ﻭ ﺧﻼﻕ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻛﺮﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺕ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺮﺳــﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻧﻔﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺧﻼﻕ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺮﻳﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺩ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺍﺭﺍ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﻫﻨﺮﻯ ﻭ ﺗﻤﺪﻧﻰ ﻋﻈﻴﻢ ‪3‬‬ ‫ﻫﺰﺍﺭﺳﺎﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻋﻈﻴﻢ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻨﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺟﺎ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩﻫﺎ ﺩﻭ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﻣﻬﻢ ﻭ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮﮔﺬﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﺑﻮﻣﻰ ﻭ ﺩﺍﻧﺶﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ‬ ‫ﻣﻠــﻰ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﺑﺎﻻ‪ ،‬ﺗﺰﺭﻳــﻖ ﻧﻘﺪﻳﻨﮕﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻫﻨﺮ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻋﺮﺻﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺮﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﭼﺮﺥﺩﻧﺪﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺘﻤﻞ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺳﻢﺧﺎﻧﻰ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﺎ ﻧﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﮔﺬﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻴﺸﻴﻨﻪ ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ ﻭ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﮔﻨﺠﺎﻧﺪﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﺮﻓﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﺳﻤﻰ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺍﻣﻴﺪﻭﺍﺭ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮﻭﻳــﺞ ﺍﺩﺑﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﻧﺸــﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺭﺷــﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﻄﻮﺡ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳــﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﻰﺍﺭﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻩﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻯ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺗﻰ ﻭ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ‪5‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ‪5‬ﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﺍﺕ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﻧﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺳﻮﻡ‪ ،‬ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺸــﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣــﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗــﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﺪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳــﺘﻰ ﻣﻰﻛﻮﺷــﻨﺪ ﺑــﺎ ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ ﺗﺪﺍﺑﻴــﺮ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺘﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺸﻮﻳﻘﻰ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺭﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻗﻼﻡ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﺍﺕ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺳﻮﻡ‪ ،‬ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺸــﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣــﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗــﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﺪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳــﺘﻰ ﻣﻰﻛﻮﺷــﻨﺪ ﺑــﺎ ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ ﺗﺪﺍﺑﻴــﺮ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺘﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺸﻮﻳﻘﻰ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺭﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻗﻼﻡ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻴــﺲ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳــﺘﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳــﺘﻰ ﻓﻘــﻂ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻛﺎﻻ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﻛــﺮﺩﻥ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﻭ ﺣﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻭ ﭼﻬــﺮﻩ ﻣﺘﻤﺪﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﺎ ﻧﮕﺎﻫﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺴــﺒﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﮔﻔﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﺑﻮﺩﻩﺍﻳﻢ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ‪ 94 ،93‬ﻭ ‪95‬‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﻛﺎﻫﺸــﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﻛﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ‪120‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻴﺪﺭﺿﺎ ﺣﺮﻳﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ ﺑﺎ »ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ« ﺗﺼﺮﻳﺢ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﻼﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﻟﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻬﻢ ﻭ ﺩﻫﻢ ﺑﺮ ﺳــﺮ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺁﻣﺪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷﺪ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻧﺖ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻴﺮﺍﺙﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ ﻭ ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ )ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﺍﺕ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﺗﺎﻕ ﺑﺎﺯﺭﮔﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ( ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴﺘﻴﻢ ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﺪﻭﺩﻯ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻫﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺍﺩﺍﻣــﻪ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻣﻴــﺰﺍﻥ ﺭﺷــﺪﻯ ﻛــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳــﺘﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳــﺖ ﺁﻣــﺪ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﻴﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﻤﺎﺭ ﻧﻤﻰﺭﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﭼﺮﺍﻛــﻪ ﻇﺮﻓﻴــﺖ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﻻﺗــﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺭﻗﻢﻫﺎﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺸــﻜﻞ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﻫﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺗﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻧﺖ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؛ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻧﻪ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻧﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺣﺪﺍﻛﺜﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳــﺘﻰ ﺭﻫﻨﻤﻮﺩ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻋﻠﺖ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﻫﻢ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻣﺎ‪ ،‬ﻧﮕﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺷﺘﺒﺎﻫﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ ﺩﺭﺻــﺪ ﻛﻤﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻭ ﻳﺎﺭﺍﻧﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴــﺪﺍ ﻭ ﭘﻨﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻌﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻓﻮﻻﺩ‪ ،‬ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ ﭘﺘﺮﻭﺷــﻴﻤﻰ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺩﻳﻢ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳــﺘﻰ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﺩﺳــﺘﻴﺎﺑﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺁﺳــﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﺷــﺪﻧﻰ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺳﺎﻻﻧﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﭘﺘﺮﻭﺷﻴﻤﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩﻫﺎ ﺩﻻﺭ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺭﺍﻙ ﭘﺘﺮﻭﺷﻴﻤﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻚ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﭘﺘﺮﻭﺷﻴﻤﻰ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺳﻬﻢ ‪ 10‬ﺗﺎ‪ 12‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﻻﺭﻯ ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻭ ﭼﻮﻥ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻻﺳــﺖ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ؛ ﻏﺎﻓﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺭﺍﻧﻪ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺻــﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ؛ ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ﻭﻗﺘﻰ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ‪ 7‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺩﻻﺭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺷــﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺩﻻﺭ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﺳــﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ؛ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﮔﺮ ‪ 7‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺩﻻﺭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﻴــﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪6‬ﻫــﺰﺍﺭ ﻭ ‪ 900‬ﺩﻻﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻼﻗﻴﺖ‪ ،‬ﻫﻨﺮ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻭ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺩﺍﺧﻠــﻰ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﻧﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﻭ ﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﻭ ﻣﺎﺷﻴﻦﺁﻻﺕ ﺁﻥ ﻫﻴﭻ ﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻭﺍﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺗﺼﺮﻳــﺢ ﻛــﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪﻳــﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺘﻰ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑــﺎ ﻳﻚ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺪﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﺟﻬــﺖﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﻣﺪﺕﺩﺍﺭ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﻳﺎﺭﺍﻧﻪﺍﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﺑﺸﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻛــﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩﻣﺪﺕ ﻭ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺗﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺷﺸــﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺩﻻﺭ ﻣﻰﺭﺳﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺣــﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳــﺘﻰ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪20‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺩﻻﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ‪5‬ﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﺳــﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﻪ ‪ 5‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺭﻗﻢ ﻛﻨﻮﻧﻰ ﺩﺳﺖﻳﺎﺑﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻫﺮ ﺷﻐﻞ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﺭﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻓﻮﻻﺩ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪700‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪10‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﺷﻐﻞ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘــﻪ ﺣﺮﻳﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﮔــﺮ ﻣﺸــﻜﻞ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﻭ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺭﻭﺳــﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻨﻬﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﻣﺘﺎﺳﻔﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩﺟــﻪﺍﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈــﺮ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﻧﺎﭼﻴﺰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﻫﻴــﭻ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺘﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻫﺮﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎ ﻣﺼﻮﺑﻪﺍﻯ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻴﻤﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺐ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻨﻬﺎﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﭼﻬﺮﻩ ﻣﺘﻤﺪﻥ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺻﻠﺢﺩﻭﺳﺖ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻰ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﭼﻬﺮﻩ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖﻫــﺎﻯ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﻣﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻧﮕﺎﻩﻫــﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻯﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻟﺰﻭﻡ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺳﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺸــﺎﻭﺭ ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻧﺖ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳــﺘﻰ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻴﺮﺍﺙﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳــﺘﻰ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳــﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﻓﺮﺍﺑﺨﺸﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻘﻰ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺗﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠــﺎﻡ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﭼﻮﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭﻟــﺖ ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺒــﻞ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳــﺖ ﺭﻓﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻨﻄﻮﺭ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺧﺎﻟﻰ ﺑﻤﺎﻧﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﺭﻗﺒﺎ ﻣﺴــﺘﻤﺮ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺟﺎﻯ ﭘــﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻋﺮﺻﻪ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﺤﻜﻢ ﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺣﺠﺖﺍﻟﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﺩﺧﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﻪ »ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ« ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﺴﺐ ﺩﻭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺳﻬﻢ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﻋﺰﻡ ﺟﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺗﻼﺵ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻧﻜﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻧﻴﺎﻯ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﭽﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺑــﺎ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳــﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ‪ 4‬ﺳــﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﻭ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻣﺪﺭﻥ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺯﺁﻣﺪ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻯ ﻧﺸﺎﻥﺳــﺎﺯﻯ)ﺑﺮﻧﺪﻳﻨﮓ( ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺑﺴﺘﻪﺑﻨﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺧــﻮﺩ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺿﻤــﻦ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺸــﻨﻮﺍﺭﻩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺭﻭﻳﺪﺍﺩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﮔﻔﺘــﻪ ﻣﺸــﺎﻭﺭ ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻧــﺖ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳــﺘﻰ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺮﺍﺙﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ‪ ،‬ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎﻭﺭﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻣﺮ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺍﻣﻮﺵ ﻧﻜﻨﻨﺪ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﻣﺮﻯ ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩﻣﺪﺕ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﻭ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ)ﺑﺮﻧﺪ(‬ ‫ﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻠﻨﺪﻣﺪﺕ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻳﻚ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﺩﺧﺎﻧــﻰ ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﻛــﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻧﺖ ﻣﺎ‪ ،‬ﺯﻣﻴﻨــﻪ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺁﺫﺭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺸــﮕﺎﻩ ﻣﻬﻢ ﻣﻴﻼﻥ ﻭ ﻓﻠﻮﺭﺍﻧﺲ ﺑﺮﮔﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺭﺍﻳﺰﻧﻰﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﺬﺍﻛﺮﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﻭ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﺩﺳــﺘﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﻃــﺮﺡ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﺩﻛﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﭘﻴﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﺎ ﺭﺍﻳﺰﻧﺎﻥ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ ﻭ ﺳﻔﺎﺭﺗﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠــﻒ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﺎ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻫﻴﺎﺕﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﻰﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺷﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﺻﻨﺎﻑ‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺘﺮ ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻮﻳﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﺭﺷـﺪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺟـﺐ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺗـﻮﺍﻥ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖﭘﺬﻳﺮﻯ ﻛﺸـﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻋﺮﺻﻪ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﻣﻰﺷـﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺷـﺒﺨﺘﺎﻧﻪ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻻﻥ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻳﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺩﺭﻙ ﺩﺭﺳﺘﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺮﺁﻧﻮﺵ ﻣﻮﺳﻮﻯ ﻣﻬﻢ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻼﺵ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺗﻮﺳـﻌﻪ ﺻـﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺭﺍ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ‬ ‫‪ bazzar@tejaratdaily.com‬ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﻛﻴﻔﻰ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﺍﺕ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﻻ‬ ‫ﺑﺒﺮﻳـﻢ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺑﺴـﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﺻﻨﻔﻰ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳـﺎﻥ ﺍﺗـﺎﻕ ﺍﺻﻨﺎﻑ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺎﻳﻰ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﭼﻮﻥ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ﻧﻘﺪﻳﻨﮕﻰ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﻭ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﺪﻑ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦﺭﻭ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﻛﻴﻔﻰ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﺍﺕ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫»ﻧﻈﺎﻣﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺕ«‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻫﺒﺮﺩﻯ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻜﺲ‪ :‬ﻣﻬﺪﻯ ﻛﺎﻭﻩﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﺻﻨﻔﻰ ﺑﺮ ﻟﺰﻭﻡ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺒﺎﺩﻻﺕ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺍﺻﻨﺎﻑ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻴﻴــﻦ ﺭﻭﺯ ﻣﻠــﻰ ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻧﺸــﺎﻥﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺭﻙ ﺩﺭﺳــﺖ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﻧﻘــﺶ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﭼﻨــﺎﻥ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺘﻰ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺯﻯ ﺑــﻪ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻧــﺎﻡ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺪ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺭ ﺣﺴﻴﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘــﻦ ﺑــﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺱ ﻣﺒﺎﺣــﺚ‬ ‫ﺩﺑﻴﺮ ﻓﺮﺍﻛﺴﻴﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻭ ﺍﺳــﺘﺮﺍﺗﮋﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻨﺎﻑ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺧﻰ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺍﻫــﺪﺍﻑ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮﺍﺧﻼﻗﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﻮﺳــﻞ ﺟﺴﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻧﻴﺎﻯ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﺯﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﻰ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻨﻄﻖ ﺟﻨﮓ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﺣﻴﺎ ﺷﺪﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑﻰ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻓﻠــﺰﺍﺕ ﮔﺮﺍﻥﺑﻬﺎ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﺑــﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﻭ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﻧﺮﻡ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳــﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺧــﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﻣﺘﻮﺳــﻂ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺚ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﭘﻴﭽﻴﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻛــﻪ ﺩﻻﻳﻞ ﺁﻥ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﻫﻤﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩﻫــﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺷــﻦ ﻭ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺟﺴــﺖﻭﺟﻮﻯ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﻌﻘﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺗﻀﻤﻴﻦ ﺣﺴــﻦ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺗﻌﻬﺪﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﻗﻮﺍﻧﻴــﻦ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﻭ ﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﻣﺘﻀﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﻙ ﺭﻳﺴــﻚﻫﺎ ﻭ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨــﻰ ﻛﺎﺭﺷــﻜﻨﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﻰ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺯﻯ‪ ،‬ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌــﻪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻫﺪﻑ ﻭ‪ ...‬ﺍﺯﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻭ ﺗﺨﺼﺺ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺣﺘــﻰ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺟــﺬﺍﺏ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠــﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻰ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻫﺮ ﻛﺲ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻮﺳــﻂ ﺻﻨﻔﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃــﻮﺭ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﻰ ‪ 80‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺸــﻜﻴﻞ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨــﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟــﻰ ﻧﺎﺗﻮﺍﻥﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻔﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﻓﺮﺍﻣﺮﺯﻯ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﻗﺎﺩﺭ ﺑــﻪ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻫﻤﻪ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺒﺎﺩﻻﺕ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺗﺸــﺮﻳﻔﺎﺕ ﭘﻴﭽﻴﺪﻩ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻧﻴﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺒﺎﺩﻻﺕ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﻣﻌﻀﻠﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺳــﺖ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺍﻓﻖ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺟﺎﻡ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺳــﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺷــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣــﺎ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻮﺍﻧﺴــﺘﻪﺍﻳﻢ ﺁﻧﻄــﻮﺭ ﻛــﻪ ﺑﺎﻳــﺪ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﻓﺮﺍﻫــﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺪﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺻﻐﺮ ﺑﻬﺒﻬﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺎﺟــﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧــﻰ ﺣﻮﺍﻟﻪ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﺟﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴــﺌﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻭﺷﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻛﺎﻻﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﺒﺎﻑ ﻭ ﺟﻮﺭﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ ﻣﻌﻀﻞ ﺟــﺪﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻠــﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻣــﺎ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺎﻥ ﺭﺷــﺪ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻫﺴــﺘﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﻓﺮﺍﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﺳﻨﺠﻰ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﻨﺎ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟــﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺁﻥ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﺩﺭﺳﺘﻰ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻣﺒﺪﺍ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﻰ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ﺷــﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷــﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺎﻻﻯ ﺿﺨﻴﻢ ﻛﺸــﺒﺎﻑ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻋﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ؛ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺗﺮﺩﻳﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﻻ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪ ،‬ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺁﺏﻭﻫﻮﺍﻳﻰ ﺁﻧﺠﺎ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻬﺮﻭﻧﺪﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﺠﺎ ﻧﻤﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﻻ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺳــﻴﻪ ﻭ ﺑﻼﺭﻭﺱ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳــﺘﻘﺒﺎﻝ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﭘﺲ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﻪﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺷــﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﻴﺖ ﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻨﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺪﺍﺷــﺘﻦ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻨﺠﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺮﺳــﺶ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺍﺳــﺖ‬ ‫ﻛــﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻨﺎﺳــﻨﺎﻣﻪﺩﺍﺭ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻛﺎﻻ ﭼﻴﺴــﺖ؟ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﮕﻮﻳﻢ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺎﻻ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺁﻥ ﭼﻪ ﻛﺴــﻰ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺎﻻﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺷــﺪﻩ‪ ...‬ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻜﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺼﺮﻑﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻛﺎﻻ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ 29‬ﻣﻬﺮ ‪1396‬‬ ‫ﺍﻭﻝ ﺻﻔﺮ ‪1439‬‬ ‫‪ 21‬ﺍﻛﺘﺒﺮ ‪2017‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺩﻭﻡ ‪ /‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ‪ /285‬ﭘﻴﺎﭘﻰ‪434‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺻﻨﻔﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺩﻩﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻣﻐﻔﻮﻝ ﻣﺎﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﭼﺎﺑﻜﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻧﻌﻄﺎﻓﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﺟﺬﺍﺏ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﭘﻴﺸــﺮﻓﺖ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻨﺸــﺎ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﺯﻳــﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﻣﻴﺴــﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺧﺎﺳــﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎ ﻳﻌﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺩﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻭ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻣﺎﻧﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ ﺑﺪﺧﻮﺍﻫﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﻛﺎﻫــﺶ ﻣﻰﺩﻫــﺪ‪ ،‬ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﻫﻴﭻ ﺩﻟﻴﻠﻰ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢ ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺣــﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪﻯ ﻛﻔﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻــﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧــﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻣﺠﺎﺯﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻞ ﻓﺎﻗﺪ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﻴﺖ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﻭ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻣﺒﺎﺩﻻﺕ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺍﺻﻨﺎﻑ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﺍﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻓﺎﻗﺪ ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺸــﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻓﻰ ﺩﺍﻣﻨﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺻﻨﻔﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﺟﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻕ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﺘﺎﺳــﻔﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟــﻮﺩ ﺁﻧﻜﻪ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﺟﺰﺋﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻛﻢﺣﺠــﻢ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻕ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﺯﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺷــﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺮﺯﻯ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻧــﺎﺕ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺟﺰﺋﻰ ﻭ ﻛﻢﺣﺠﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻨﺎﻑ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺗﺎﺟﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﺍﺻﻨﺎﻑ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺍﻋﺘﺮﺍﺽ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺗﺎﺟــﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﻭ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﻓﻨﻰ ﻭ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻴﺸــﺮﻓﺖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ؛ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ ﻣﺤﺼــﻮﻻﺕ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻧﻪﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻳﺎﺭﻯ ﻧﻤﻰﺭﺳﺎﻧﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻠﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﺻﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺗﻨﮓﺗﺮ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﮋﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺣــﺎﻝ ﺁﻧﻜﻪ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺟﺬﺍﺑﻴﺖ ﻭ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﺑــﻪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﺪﻑ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳــﺘﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺗﺎﺟــﺮﺍﻥ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻏﻴﺐ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺩﻳﭙﻠﻤﺎﺳﻰ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﻗﻀﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺎﻩ ﻭﻳﮋﻩﺍﻯ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﻴﻦﻃﻮﺭ ﻻﺯﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻞ ﻣﺒﺎﺩﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺍﺻﻨﺎﻑ ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻧﻬﻢ ﻭ ﺩﻫﻢ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﻞ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺭﺍ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨــﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺧﻠــﻰ ﺑــﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻭ ﭘﻨﭽﻪ ﻧﺮﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰﻩ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ‬ ‫ﻛﻨــﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﻣﺸــﻜﻞ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺭﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﻭﺩﻳﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﻟــﺖ ﻧﻬﻢ ﻭ ﺩﻫــﻢ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻴﻞ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺷــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭ ﻻﺯﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻭﺷﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻟﻮﺍﺯﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺭﻳﺴــﻚ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺑــﺪﻭﻥ ﻧﮕﺮﺍﻧــﻰ ﺑــﻪ ﺳــﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﺘﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻬــﻢ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻰﺭﻭﻳﻪ ﻛﺎﻻﻯ ﻗﺎﭼﺎﻕ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻧﻘﺪﻳﻨﮕﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﻄﻌﻰ ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﻣﺎ ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﻣﺴــﺎﻋﺪ ﻧﺒﺎﺷــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻰ ﺍﻧﺪﻳﺸﻴﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﺻﻨﻔﻰ ﺍﻣﻴﺪﻭﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺑﺮﻃﺮﻑ ﺷــﻮﻧﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﻜــﻰ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻮﺍﻣــﻞ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﻴﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴــﻴﺮ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ)ﺑﺮﻧﺪ( ﺑﻮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﻳــﻚ ﻛﺎﻻ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻭﻳﮋﻩﺍﻯ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻬﻢ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳــﻦ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﻴــﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨــﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺧﻠــﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺟﺪﻳﺖ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺎﻥ)ﺑﺮﻧﺪ(ﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﺮﻭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺗﻼﺵ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣــﻦ ﺑﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻡ ﻛــﻪ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﻴﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺷــﻌﺎﺭ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ ﻛﺴﻰ ﭘﻮﺷــﻴﺪﻩ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﺧﻠــﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺣﺮﻑﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺘﻦ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺎﻳﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﭘﻴﺶﺭﻭﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ؛ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﻕ ﻓﻴﺾﺁﺑﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷــﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻋﺰﻡ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺍﺩﻩ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﺷــﻜﻞ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﺳﻮ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻻﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻳــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮﻛﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻛﺎﻻﻯ ﺳــﺎﺧﺖ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰﻩ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻰ ﻭ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﻧﻴﺎﺑﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻏﺎﻓﻞ ﺷﻮﻳﻢ‪ ،‬ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻛﺎﻻﻯ ﺑﺎﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮﻭﻩ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺗﺸــﻜﻴﻞ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻳﻰ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺁﻧﻬــﺎ ﺗﻼﺵ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻻﺯﻡ ﻣﻰﺩﺍﻧﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺧــﻰ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﻣﻬﻢ ﭘﻴﺶﺭﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﻛﻨﻢ؛ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﺪﻩﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺍﺳــﺖ؛ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻳﻚ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﺑﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮﺍﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺑﺪﻫﺪ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮﺍﻥ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻣﺘﻨﺎﻉ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺗﺮﺩﻳﺪ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺸــﻜﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎﺣﺪﻭﺩﻯ ﻣﺸــﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺣﻞ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷــﺪ‪ ،‬ﭼﺮﺍﻛــﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻏﺪﻏــﻪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻯ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺜﺎﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻧﻬﺎﻝ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻣﻌﻨﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﻌﺎﻑ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﻴﻤﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮﺍﻥ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺁﻥ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﺯ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻧﻴﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺣﺘﻰ ﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﻧﺸﺪﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﺯ ﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺣﺬﻑ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟــﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟــﻰ ﻛﺎﺑﻴﻨــﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫــﻢ ﺧــﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻋﺮﺻﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻳﻰ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺷــﻌﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺘﻰﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺑــﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺗﻼﺵ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺖ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﻛﺴــﺐ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻏﻼﻣﻌﻠﻰ ﺭﻣﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻠــﻰ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠــﻰ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﻫﺒﺮﺩ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺻــﺪﺭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫــﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ﺭﻭﺣﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺭﺷــﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺷــﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻛﺎﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺗﻼﺵ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻞﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻗــﺪﺍﻡ ﻛﻨﺪ؛ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺣــﺬﻑ ﻗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻦ ﻏﻴﺮﺿﺮﻭﺭ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻭﻛﺮﺍﺳــﻰ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﺣــﺬﻑ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﮔﻤﺮﻛــﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﻣﺎﺷــﻴﻦﺁﻻﺕ ﺻﻨﻌﺘــﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﻭ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻭ ﺳــﺎﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣــﺎﺕ ﻋﻤﻠﻰ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺗﻼﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡﺷــﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﻴﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳــﺘﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﻭ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﺻﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺒﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺗﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺟﺪﻯﺗﺮ ﺑــﺮ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺰﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ ﻣﻬﻤــﻰ ﻛــﻪ ﺗﺎﻛﻨــﻮﻥ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﻣــﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﻗــﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘــﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺪﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﻫــﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺟﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎﻳــﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺎﻩ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻏﺮﺏ ﺁﺳــﻴﺎ ﻧﺸــﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺰﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻬﺪ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺷــﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﻭ ﻣﺰﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺩﺳﺘﺎﻭﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻤﺪﻧﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻏﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ ﺷــﺮﻕ ﻋﺎﻟﻢ ﺑﺎﺳــﺘﺎﻥ ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﺁﻭﺍﺯﻩ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻴﺎﻥ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﻴــﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨــﻪ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﻭ ﺗــﻼﺵ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺗﻀﻤﻴﻦﻫﺎﻯ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻭ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺻﻞ ﻣﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻫﻤــﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺩﻭﻟﺖﻫﺎ ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﺗﻼﺵ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺰﻳﺖ ﺭﺍﻫﺒﺮﺩﻯ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬــﺎﻥ ﻗﺮﻥ ﺑﻴﺴــﺖ ﻭ ﻳﻜﻤﻰ ﻛــﻪ ﻣﺪﻋﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﻫﻜــﺪﻩ ﺟﻬﺎﻧــﻰ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺭﻓﺘﻦ ﻣﺮﺯﻫــﺎﻯ ﺟﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﻣﻠﻞ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺩﻻﻳﻞ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﻯ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺛﺒــﺎﺕ ﻛﺮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﭼﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﭼﻪ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻮﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﻛﻼﻡ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺟﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎﻯ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺳــﺘﺮﺱ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺴﺮﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﺭﺯﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺻﺮﻓﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻋﻄﻒ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺰﻳﺖ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰﺭﺳﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﻭﻳــﻦ ﻳﻚ ﻧﻈﺎﻣﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺟﺎﻣــﻊ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﭘﺎﺳــﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺣﺮﺍﺳــﺖ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻼﻣﺖ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻭﻳﻜــﺮﺩ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻠﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑــﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻫﺒﺮﺩ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺗﻠﻘﻰ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺴــﻠﻢ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺳﻄﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻸﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻧﺠﻴﺮﻩ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺗﺎ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺁﺳــﻴﺐﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻯ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻰﺗــﻮﺍﻥ ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺁﺳــﻴﺐﻫﺎ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻳﻚ ﻧﻈــﺎﺭﺕ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﭘﻮﻳــﺎ ﺗــﺎ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﺯﻳــﺎﺩﻯ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﻳﺎﻓــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺳــﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﺘﺎﺳﻔﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻜــﺮﺩ ﻣﺘﻮﻟﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻣﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻧﻈــﺎﺭﺕ ﻭ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺳــﻠﺒﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺫﻫــﻦ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﺮﺻﻪ ﻣﺘﺒﺎﺩﺭ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﺮﭼﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺖ ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﺛﺮﺑﺨﺶ‪ ،‬ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺧﺪﻣــﺖ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻰ ﺍﻣﻦ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻠﻘﻰ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﻛﻼﻡ ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻳــﻦ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﭼﻴﺰﻯ ﺟﺰ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺑﺴــﺘﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﻻﺯﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻳﻚ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻣﻮﻟﺪ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻤﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﻭ ﺗﻀﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ‪ .‬ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺕ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺑﺎ ﻧﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﻧﻮﻳﻦ ﻭ ﺗﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺟﺪﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﻼﻣﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻀﻤﻴﻦ ﺳــﻼﻣﺖ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺣﺬﻑ ﻭ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﺑﺎ ﻗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻦ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﻭ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﺁﻗﺎﻯ ﺷﺮﻳﻌﺘﻤﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﻌــﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﻓﺮﺻﺘﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺷــﺮﺍﻓﻴﺘﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻣﺮ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﻭ ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺕ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻦ ﻧﻈﺎﻣﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺘﺎﻭﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺷــﻪ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﻳﺴــﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻧﻈــﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑــﺎ ﻋﻨﺎﻳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟــﺐ ﭘﻴﺶﮔﻔﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﺍﻫﺒﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻢ ﻭ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﺗﻜﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻳﻚ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻦ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺗﻰ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺷﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫‪ 29‬ﻣﻬﺮ ‪1396‬‬ ‫ﺍﻭﻝ ﺻﻔﺮ ‪1439‬‬ ‫‪ 21‬ﺍﻛﺘﺒﺮ ‪2017‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺩﻭﻡ ‪ /‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ‪ /285‬ﭘﻴﺎﭘﻰ‪434‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﻧﻴﺎﻯ ﺍﻣــﺮﻭﺯ ﻣﻰﻧﺎﻣﻨــﺪ‪ ،‬ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺻﻨﻌــﺖ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻋﻈﻴﻤــﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﺯﺍﻳــﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑــﻪ ﻫﻤــﺮﺍﻩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻔﺘﺨﻴﺰ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻋﺮﺑﺴﺘﺎﻥﺳﻌﻮﺩﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﺪﺭﻧﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺁﻣــﺪ ﺧــﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻧﻔﺖ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﻫﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﻛﺴــﺐ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻧﻴــﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺭﺍﻫﻨﻤﺎﻳﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﮕﺮﺩﻯ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺯﻳــﺮﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻳﻨــﺪﻩ ﺫﺧﺎﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﻧﮕﺮﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﺑــﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘــﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻭ ﺫﺧﺎﻳﺮ ﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻨﻬﻤــﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺩﺍﺭﺍ ﺑــﻮﺩﻥ ﺟﺎﺫﺑﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨــﻰ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧــﺪ ﻳﻜــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻴﺸــﺮﻭﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻭ ﻣﻮﻓﻖﺗﺮﻳــﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻋﺮﺻﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﺯﺍﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻔﺮ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻛﺴﺐ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻣــﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﺎﺫﺑﻪﻫــﺎ ﻭ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫــﺎﻯ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻋﺮﺻﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺟﺎﻯ ﺗﻌﺠﺐ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻧﺸــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻞ ﺯﻳﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺒﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻧﻔﺖ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻞ ﺯﻳﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺍﺭﺯﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﺯﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻘﻴﺪﻩ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻠﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﻣﺰﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻯ ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻔــﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﺍﺳــﺘﺨﺮﺍﺝ ﻧﻔﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻼﻥ‪ ،‬ﺣﻔــﺮ ﭼﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻔﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﺧﺖ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﻭ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺯﻳﺮﺑﻨﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻼﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻫﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺣﺎﻝ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﺰﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺳــﺒﺰ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻳﻰ ﻭ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﺎﺳﻔﺎﻧﻪ ﺷﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺣﺎﻛﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﭘﻴﺶﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻣﻬﻴﺎ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ ﻭ ﺁﻧﻄﻮﺭ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳــﺰﻯ ﻭ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻣﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺯﻳﺮﺳــﺎﺧﺖ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﻦﺭﺍﻫﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﺧﺖ ﻫﺘﻞ ﻭ ﺭﺳــﺘﻮﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻰ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪﻧﺪ ﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺳــﻮﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻼﻥﺗﺮﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻨﻬﻤﻪ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﺩﺍﺷــﺖ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺳﻮﺩﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺗﺎ ﭘﻮﻳﺎ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺸــﻮﻳﻖ ﻛﺮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺯﻳﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺷــﻮﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺟﺬﺏ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﻠــﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺿﺮﺏﺍﻟﻤﺜﻞ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﺻﺪﻕ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ؛‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﻛﺎﺷــﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻣﺎ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻳﻢ‪ ،‬ﺣﺎﻝ ﻣــﺎ ﺑﻜﺎﺭﻳﻢ ﻭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﻮﺭﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﭘﻮﻳﺎ ﻭ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻯﺍﻧﺴﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻫﺮ ﻭ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺯﻳﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺟﺎﺩﻩﻫﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻫﺘﻞﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺭﺳــﺘﻮﺭﺍﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻧﻜﺘﻪﺍﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻣــﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺁﻣــﻮﺯﺵ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻯﺍﻧﺴــﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻤﺎﻣــﻰ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌــﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺣﻮﺯﻩﺍﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻻﺯﻡ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﻜﺲ‪ :‬ﻣﻬﺪﻯ ﻛﺎﻭﻩﺍﻯ‪-‬ﺳﺎﺣﻞ ﻛﻴﺶ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻭ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻫﺰﺍﺭﻩ ﺳﻮﻡ ﺑﺎ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﻭ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺛﻤﺮﺑﺨﺶ ﺩﺭ ﻋﺮﺻﻪ‬ ‫ﺷـﻜﻮﻓﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﺷـﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷـﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﮔﺮﺩﺷـﮕﺮﻯ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﻛﺴﺐ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﺍﺭﺯﻯ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻭ ﻗﺎﺑﻞﺗﻮﺟﻬﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻣﺘﻜﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺍﺷـﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﮔﻔﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﺒﺎ ﺭﺿﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫‪ expo@tejaratdaily.com‬ﻣﻰﺷـﻮﺩ ﮔﺮﺩﺷـﮕﺮﻯ ﺩﻭﻣﻴﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺭﺍﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺎﻧﺒﺮﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﺳـﻌﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺛﺮﻭﺕ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﺸـﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺩﻫﻪ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺟﺎﺫﺑﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺭﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺟﺬﺏ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﺰﺍﻳﻨـﺪﻩ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺭﮔﻴﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻧـﺎﺩﺭﻩ ﺗﺎﺟﭙﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﻣﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺳـﻌﻪﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ؛ ﻋﺎﻳﺪﻯ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻋﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩﻣﺪﺕ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻟﺰﺍﻳﻰ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻯﺍﻧﺴﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺑﻠﻨﺪﻣﺪﺕ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺶ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺎ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﭘﻮﻳﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸـﻰ ﻧﻘﺶ ﮔﺮﺩﺷـﮕﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺭﻓﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺎ ﻧﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﭼﻨﺪﻯ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳـﻌﻪﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻳﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺠﺮﻯ ﺁﻥ؛ ﻧﺎﺩﺭﻩ ﺗﺎﺟﭙﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﻣﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺷـﮕﺮﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻗﺎﺑﻞﺗﻮﺟﻬﻰ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻧﻜﺎﺕ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸـﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﺯﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺰﻳﺖ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﻣﻴﺰ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﺯﺍﻳﻰ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﻰﺩﺍﻧﺪ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ؛ ﺗﺮﺩﻳﺪﻯ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ ﻫﻤﻪ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﮕﺎﺗﻨﮓ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻰ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺰﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺳﻬﻢ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺮﺩﻥ ﺳــﻄﺢ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺍﻣﺎﺭﺍﺕﻣﺘﺤﺪﻩﻋﺮﺑﻰ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺳﻨﮕﺎﭘﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎﻳﻠﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺼﺮ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻟﺰﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺗﻤﻬﻴــﺪﺍﺕ ﻻﺯﻡ‪ ،‬ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺩﺭﻩ ﺗﺎﺟﭙﻮﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﺶ ﭘﻮﻳﺎﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻔﺖﺧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺍﻣﺎﺭﺍﺕﻣﺘﺤﺪﻩﻋﺮﺑﻰ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻯ ﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻳﻚ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﺍﺭﺯﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻔﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺟﺎﺫﺑﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺭﺩﻩﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺿﻌﻴﻒﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺳــﺎﻻﻧﻪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 30‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺩﻻﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﺍﺭﺯﻯ ﻛﺴﺐ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟــﻰ ﻛــﻪ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴــﺎﻥ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺣــﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﭘﻴﺸــﻴﻨﻪ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴــﺖ ﺟﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺳــﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺩﻩ‬ ‫‪ 10‬ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻧﺨﺴــﺖ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﺮﺍ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﺮ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪﺍﻯ )ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪﺍﻯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﻰ ﻳﺎ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻯ( ﻋﺎﻣﻠﻰ ﻛﻠﻴﺪﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﻩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻛﺴــﺐ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﻭ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺖ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﺭﺍﺣﺖﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻭ ﺳﺮﻳﻊﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻛﺴــﺐ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴــﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻭ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺘﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻳﺪﺋﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻜﻰ)ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﮕﻮﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺟﺎﺫﺑﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺭﺗﺒـﻪ ﺩﻫـﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺎﺫﺑﻪﻫـﺎﻯ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﻰ ﻭ ﺭﺗﺒـﻪ ﭘﻨﺠـﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺎﺫﺑﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻃﺒﻴﻌـﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﮔﺮﺩﺷـﮕﺮﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﻣﺤـﺮﻙ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳـﻞ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻯ ﻧﻴﺴـﺖ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻰ ﺭﺍﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻓﺘـﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﭙﻴﻤﺎﻳﻴﻢ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻓﺮﻳﻨﻰ ﺑــﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻳﺎﺭﺍﻧﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ(‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻤﻨﺪﻯﻫﺎﻳــﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﻞ ﻣﺸــﻜﻞ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﻣﻴﺰ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺑــﺎ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﺑــﺮ ﻟﺰﻭﻡ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭﻣﻴﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗــﻰ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﺯﺍﻯ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺗﻌﻠﻞ ﻭ ﻛﻢ ﻛﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﻓﺮﺻﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﻭﺍﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺰﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻰﺑﺪﻳﻞ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﭘﻮﻳﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺟﭙﻮﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﺮ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﺑﺮ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﺯﻩﻫــﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻧﺸــﺎﻁ ﻭ ﭘﻮﻳﺎﻳﻰ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﮔﻴــﺮ ﺑــﺎ ﺧــﻮﺩ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴــﺎﻥ ﻛــﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺮﺳــﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻓﺮﻭﺩﮔﺎﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻨﺪﺭ‪ ،‬ﺟﺎﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻫﺘﻞﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺭﺳــﺘﻮﺭﺍﻥﻫﺎ ﻭ‪ ...‬ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺟﺬﺏ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﺑــﻞ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺯﻳﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺯﻳﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﻴﻤﻪﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺩﻓﺎﺗﺮ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﻫﺘﻞﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺭﺳــﺘﻮﺭﺍﻥﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻭﺭﺯﺷــﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﻮﻡﮔﺮﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻭ‪ ...‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷــﺖ‪ .‬ﺗﺎﺟﭙﻮﺭ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﻭﻛﻢ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻰﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﺩ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﺖ ﻭ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺳــﺎﻳﺮ ﺣﻮﺯﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺑﺴﺘﺮﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺯﻳﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﺨﺸــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻳﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﺒﻠﻴﻐﻰ‪ ،‬ﺩﻳﭙﻠﻤﺎﺳﻰ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﺣﻘﻮﻗﻰ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻛﻼﻥ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻭ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ ﺟﺴﺖﻭﺟﻮ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣـﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺧﻄﺎ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻭ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﻭ ﺩﻟﺨﻮﺍﻩ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻛﺴﺐ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺮ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻗﺼﺪ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺟﺬﺏ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﻳﻴﺪ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸــﻰ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪﻧﺪ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺣﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻧﺨﺴــﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﻭ ﭘﻮﻳﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻣﻰﺯﻧﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕﺭﺳﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺁﻳﻨــﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﻣﺤﺮﻙ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺭژﻧﮓ ﺍﻧﺘﺼﺎﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺭﺷــﻨﺎﺱ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫»ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ« ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻠﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻼﺵ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺖ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻰﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻣﻌﻨﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻰﺗﺮ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻗﺪﻡ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻰﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺯﻳﺮﺳــﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺗﻼﺵ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣــﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻧﺎﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﻣﻠــﻰ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳــﺶ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺮﭼﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻧﺎﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﻣﻠﻰ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺭﻓﺎﻩ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺁﻥ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﻳﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻼﻥ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪ ،‬ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﺯﻳﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻭ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺍ ﻫﺴﺘﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕﺭﺳــﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻋﺮﺻﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺸﺎﻏﻞ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻛﺮﺩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﻳﻚ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳــﻂ ‪ 1000‬ﺩﻻﺭ ﺧﺮﺝ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻝ ‪ 4‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺒﻠﻎ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳــﻊ ﻭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺑﻪ ﭼﺮﺧﺶ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻰ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺩﺭﺳﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﻫﺮ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ‪ 10‬ﻧﻔﺮ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻟﺰﺍﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺳــﻔﺮ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻯ ﺧﻂ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ‪ 10 ،‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻧﺎﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺳﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺮ ‪ 11‬ﺷﻐﻞ ﻳﻚ ﺷﻐﻞ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 2015‬ﻣﻴﻼﺩﻯ‬ ‫) ‪ (1394‬ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﺷﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺳﻔﺮ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 2017‬ﻣﻴﻼﺩﻯ )‪ (1396‬ﺑﺎ ﺭﺷــﺪ ‪1/2‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫‪111‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺷﻐﻞ ﻭ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﻛﻞ ﺑﺎ ﺭﺷﺪ ‪ 1/9‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺑﻪ ‪ 297‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺷﻐﻞ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 2016‬ﻣﻴﻼﺩﻯ )‪ (1395‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ‪ 1/5‬ﺗﺮﻳﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺩﻻﺭ‪30 ،‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‬ ‫ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺧﺪﻣــﺎﺕ ﻭ ‪ 7‬ﺩﺭﺻــﺪ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﻛﻞ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺩﻧﻴــﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺴــﺐ ‪ 204/5‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺩﻻﺭ ﺭﺗﺒﻪ ﻧﺨﺴﺖ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻓﺮﺍﻧﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ‪ 84/5‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﻧﻔﺮ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮ ﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺗﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺨﺴــﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺭﺗﺒﻪ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ ﻛﺴــﺐ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺭﺗﺒﻪ ﻧﺨﺴﺖ ﻛﺴﺐ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﻭ ﺭﺗﺒﻪ ﻡ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻯﻫﺎ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﭼﻴﻦ ﻫﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺗﺒﻪ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺴــﺐ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺣﺎﺋﺰ ﺭﺗﺒﻪ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﺗﺎﺑﻌﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺳﻬﻢ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺧﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﺳﻴﺎﻳﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺮﻳﻘﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻬﻢ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎﻳﻰ ﺳﻬﻢ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺬﺏ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺴــﺘﻤﺮ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻣﺸــﺎﻏﻠﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﻧﺪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﻭ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ ﻫﺮ ﺭﻭﺯ ﻳﻚ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺳﻔﺮ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺯ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻪﺗﺪﺭﻳﺞ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻭﺍﺑﺴﺘﮕﻰ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﻭ ﻣﺰﺍﻳﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺩﺭﺳﺘﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﻧﻴﺎﺑﺪ ﻳﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻣﻮﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺪﺗﻰ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﺯﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﻧﺸــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﻧﺸﻮﺩ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺭﻭﻧــﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻧﺘﺼــﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﺑــﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺣﻴﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺳــﺘﺎﻫﺎ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ‪ ،‬ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﻴﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﻭﺳــﺘﺎﻳﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻟﺰﺍﻳﻰ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺷــﺎﻫﺪ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺕ ﻣﻌﻜﻮﺱ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺳــﺘﺎﻫﺎ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺕ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺳــﺘﺎﻳﻴﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻛﺎﻫــﺶ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﻔــﺎﻕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﺭﻭﺳــﺘﺎﻫﺎ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﺯﺍﻳﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺳــﺘﺎﻳﻴﺎﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺳــﺘﺎ ﺑﺎﻗﻰ ﻣﻰﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻭ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﺯﺍﻳﻰ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺭﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺷــﺪ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻜﺎﭘﻮ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻨﺪﺍﺯﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻗﺒﺮﺱ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﺲ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﺯﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﭘﻮﻳﺎ ﻧﮕﻪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﺨﻦ ﺁﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛــﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﭘﻮﻳﺎ ﻭ ﻓﻌــﺎﻝ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﮔﺮﺩﺷــﮕﺮﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﺎﭘﻮ ﺑﻴﻨﺪﺍﺯﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌــﺖ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻭﺍﺑﺴــﺘﮕﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺮﺍﺝ ﻭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺑﻮﻣﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺤﻠﻰ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻟﺰﺍﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﺯﺍﻳــﻰ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﻛــﻪ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻜﻮﺱ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺳﻌﺪﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺒﺮﻩ ﺷﻴﺦ ﺻﻔﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻏﺎﺭ ﻛﺘﻠﻪ ﺧﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺎﺭﺕ ﻣﺴﻌﻮﺩﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺯﻩ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﮔﻨﺒﺪ ﺳﻠﻄﺎﻧﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺨﺖ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﻮﺑﺎﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻓﺎﻭﺍ‪ ،‬ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﻣﺪﺭﻥ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ‪ 200‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺩﻻﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪93‬‬ ‫ﺑــﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺁﻧﻜﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳــﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺣــﻮﺯﻩ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﻫﻢ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻲ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯﻱﻫــﺎﻱ ﺭﺍﻳﺎﻧــﻪﺍﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻩ ﮔﻤــﺮﻙ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺛﺒﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻭﻫﻠﻪ ﻧﺨﺴﺖ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺧــﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺒﺎﺩﻱ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﮔﻤﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻀﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﺗﺒﺎﺩﻝ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﺒﺎﺩﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﮔﻤﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎﻡ ﻟﻮﺡﻫﺎﻱ ﻓﺸــﺮﺩﻩ ﺧﺎﻡ‬ ‫)ﺳــﻲﺩﻱ ﻭ ﺩﻱﻭﻱﺩﻱ( ﺛﺒﺖ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺭﻳﺎﻟﻲ ﻳــﺎ ﺩﻻﺭﻱ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻲ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻫــﺎﻱ ﺭﺍﻳﺎﻧﻪﺍﻱ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺴــﺘﻢ ﮔﻤﺮﻙ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻭ ﻣﺤﺎﺳــﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺘــﻪ ﺑﺎﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺁﻧﻜﻪ ﺁﻣــﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺍﺭﻗﺎﻡ ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﮔﻤــﺮﻙ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻧﺸــﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨــﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓــﺰﺍﺭ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﺮﺗــﺐ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮﺭﺳــﻤﻰ ﻭ ﺗﺨﻤﻴﻨﻰ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺧﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨــﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨــﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺁﻣــﺎﺭ ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨــﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓــﺰﺍﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 1393‬ﺭﻗﻤﻰ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪200‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺩﻻﺭ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺁﻳﻴﻦﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺧﺎﺻﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻯ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺐ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺑﺮﺳﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻓﺎﻭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺷﻮﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺖ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻛﻞ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻱ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ ،1393‬ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 633‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺩﻻﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ ﻧﻘﺶ ﭘﺮﺭﻧﮕﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺍﻳﻔﺎ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺎ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ‪ ،‬ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻫــﺎﻯ ﺩﻳﮕــﺮﻯ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻛــﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻳﺎﻓﺘــﻦ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺳــﺎﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻰ ﻣﻰﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺠــﺎﻡ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ »ﺳــﺎﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻰ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻯ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻊﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻓﺎﻭﺍ« ﺩﺭ ﺗﻼﺵ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺑﻴﺎﺑﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻦ ﺁﻳﻴﻦﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻓﺎﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﺴــﻌﻮﺩ ﺍﺳــﻜﻨﺪﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻛﻞ ﺩﻓﺘﺮ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣــﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺩﺍﻧﺶﺑﻨﻴﺎﻥ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺠــﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔــﻮ ﺑﺎ »ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ«‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺿــﺮﻭﺭﺕ ﺗﻮﺟــﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﺤﺼــﻮﻻﺕ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺳــﺨﻦ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ‬ ‫»ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻰ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺟﻤﻊﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻓﺎﻭﺍ« ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﺨــﺎﺏ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﻓﺎﻭﺍ )ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎﺕ(‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻓﺎﻭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ﺷــﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻰ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻭ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﺭﺳﻤﻰ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻃﻮﺭ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﻗﺎﺑــﻞ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻚ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺩﺳــﺘﻪﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻓﻨــﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﻫﻢ ﺍﺛﺮ ﮔﺬﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻞ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻫﺮ ﻛﺎﻻ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ ﺳﻴﺴــﺘﻢ ﻛﺪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺖ ﺧــﻮﺩ ﺍﺯ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺳﻴﺴــﺘﻤﻰ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﻣﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺮ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ‬ ‫ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻓﺎﻭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﭼﺎﻟﺶ ﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻜﻨﺪﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺳــﺨﻨﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻴﻢ ﺑــﺎ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩﺍﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻡ »ﺳــﺎﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻰ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺟﻤﻊﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻓﺎﻭﺍ« ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺭﻳﺸــﻪﺍﻯ ﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻨﻴــﻢ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺮﺳﻴﻢ ﺗﺎ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺩﻫﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺗﻰ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺸــﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻭﺿﻌﻴــﺖ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﻛﺪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺛﺒﺖ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻓﺎﻭﺍ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻛﻞ ﺩﻓﺘﺮ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺶﺑﻨﻴــﺎﻥ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﺳــﺘﺎﻭﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ :‬ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳــﺪ ﺁﻳﻴﻦﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺧﺎﺻﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺁﻧﭽــﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﻨﻰ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳــﻰ ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻦ ﺷــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﻧﻮﺷــﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺐ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺑﺮﺳــﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ ﻭ ﻓﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻫﺮﭼﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻭ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺼﻮﺻــﻰ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ ﻭﻗﺘــﻰ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻜــﻰ ﻧﻤﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﭼﺮﺍ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺁﻣــﺎﺭ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯﻣﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ﺍﻋــﻼﻡ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺟﻠﺐ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨــﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﻴﻨــﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺴــﺘﻢ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻅ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﺭﺳﻤﻰ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﻜﻨﺪﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺳــﺨﻨﺎﻥ ﺧــﻮﺩ ﺍﺯ ﺿﺮﺏﺍﻟﻌﺠﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺐ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺁﻳﻴﻦﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺳﺨﻦ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﺪ ﻭ ﻣﻰﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳﺰﻯﻫﺎ ﺁﻳﻴﻦﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻓﺎﻭﺍ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﻳــﺎﻥ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 96‬ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺐ ﺷــﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﻭﺯﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺳــﺪ ﻭ ﭘــﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺁﻳﻴﻦﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳــﺘﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭ ﺷــﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﻋﺎﻟﻰ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮﻭﻫﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﻭ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻛــﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻋــﻼﻭﻩ ﺑــﺮ ﺳــﺎﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻰ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺯﺵﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺼــﻮﻻﺕ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗــﻰ ﻓﺎﻭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳﺰﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺭﺍﻫﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻭﻩ ﺑﺸﺎﺵ‪ ،‬ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ »ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻰ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺟﻤــﻊﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻓــﺎﻭﺍ« ﻭ ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﻣﻴــﺰ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ ﺑﺎ »ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ« ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻠﻰ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻛﺎﻻ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﮔﻤﺮﻙ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻧﻴﺰ ﮔﻮﺍﻫﻰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﻮﺍﻫﻰ ﻣﺒﻨﺎ ﻭ ﺳﻨﺪﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺁﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﻭﻗﺘــﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ ﻛﺎﻻ‪ ،‬ﭘﺎﻯ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﮔﻤﺮﻙ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻰ ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺷﻮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗــﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﻨﻰ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳــﻰ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳــﺘﺎﻭﺭﺩ ﺁﻥ ﻛﻪ ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﻦ ﭘﻞ ﻳﺎ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻤــﻞ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺨﻤﻴﻦ ﺯﺩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣــﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﺩﻟﻴــﻞ ﻭﺟــﻮﺩ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌــﺪﺩ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻻ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺩﺷــﻮﺍﺭﺗﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﻃﻮﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻰﺗــﻮﺍﻥ ﮔﻔﺖ‬ ‫ﺳــﺨﺖﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻏﻴﺮﻣﺸﻬﻮﺩ ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻭﻩ ﺑﺸﺎﺵ‬ ‫ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻴــﺲ ﻣﻴﺰ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﻃﻼﻋــﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺳﺨﻨﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳــﺪ‪ :‬ﺩﺷــﻮﺍﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻓﺎﻭﺍ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﺁﻣــﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑــﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺗﻌﻴﻴــﻦ ﺟﺎﻳــﺰﻩ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺧﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻋــﻼﻡ ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﺎﻳﺰﻩ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﻧــﺪ ﺁﻣﺎﺭﺩﻫﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 94‬ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﺭﺳــﻤﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﺣﺘﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﺭﺳﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﻫﻢ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﻫﻢ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ »ﺳــﺎﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻰ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺟﻤﻊﺁﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻓﺎﻭﺍ« ﺭﺍﻫﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺛﺒﺖ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ﺟﺎﺭﻯ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺸﺎﺵ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺩﺳﺘﺎﻭﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳــﺖ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻣﺤﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﻮﺍﺯﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺳــﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺛﺒﺖ ﺍﺳﻨﺎﺩ ﻭ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﺼــﺎﺹ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺨــﺶ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﺠــﺎﺩ ﺭﺍﻫﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻳﻴﺪ ﺍﺳﻨﺎﺩ ﻣﻰﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺨــﺶ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘــﺮﻭژﻩ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎﻳﻴﺪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻫﻢ ﺳﻌﻰ ﻛﺮﺩﻳﻢ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺩﻳﺪﮔﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻧﺨﺒﮕﺎﻥ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﺨﻦ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓــﺰﺍﺭ ﺑــﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳــﻚ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻣــﺪﺭﻥ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑــﻪ ﺭﺍﻫﻰ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳــﺶ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺭﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻫﻤــﺖ ﺟﻤﻌﻰ ﺩﻭﻟــﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺨــﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ‪ ،‬ﺣﻞ‬ ‫ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫــﺎ ﻭ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻦ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻭ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺼــﻮﻻﺕ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗــﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﮔﻤﺮﻛــﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ »ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺟﻤﻊﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻓﺎﻭﺍ« ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳــﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺶ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺭﺍﻳﺘﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻡ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪ 7‬ﺭﻭﺯﻩ‬ ‫)‪ 7/0‬ﮔﻴﮕﺎﺑﺎﻳﺖ(‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪ 1‬ﺭﻭﺯﻩ‬ ‫)‪ 3‬ﮔﻴﮕﺎﺑﺎﻳﺖ(‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪ 7‬ﺭﻭﺯﻩ‬ ‫)‪ 5 + 2/1‬ﮔﻴﮕﺎﺑﺎﻳﺖ(‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪ 15‬ﺭﻭﺯﻩ‬ ‫)‪ 3‬ﮔﻴﮕﺎﺑﺎﻳﺖ( ‪ -‬ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺳﻴﻢ ﻛﺎﺭﺕ ﺩﺍﻳﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪ 30‬ﺭﻭﺯﻩ‬ ‫)‪ 1 + 1‬ﮔﻴﮕﺎﺑﺎﻳﺖ(‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪ 30‬ﺭﻭﺯﻩ‬ ‫)‪ 10‬ﮔﻴﮕﺎﺑﺎﻳﺖ(‪ -‬ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺳﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻓﺖ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪ 3‬ﺭﻭﺯﻩ‬ ‫)‪ 3‬ﮔﻴﮕﺎﺑﺎﻳﺖ(‬ ‫ﺣﺠﻢ ﺗﺮﺍﻓﻴﻚ‬ ‫‪GB 7/0‬‬ ‫‪GB 3‬‬ ‫‪GB 2/1‬‬ ‫‪GB 3‬‬ ‫‪GB 1‬‬ ‫‬‫‪GB 3‬‬ ‫‪ 29‬ﻣﻬﺮ ‪1396‬‬ ‫ﺍﻭﻝ ﺻﻔﺮ ‪1439‬‬ ‫‪ 21‬ﺍﻛﺘﺒﺮ ‪2017‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺩﻭﻡ ‪ /‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ‪ /285‬ﭘﻴﺎﭘﻰ‪434‬‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺘﺮ ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺑـﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉﻫﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﻭ ﻫﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺟﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪ .‬ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻮﺟﻪﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺳﺨﻨﺮﺍﻧﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺤﻤﻮﺩ ﻭﺍﻋﻈﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺭﺍ ﺭﺷﺎﺩﻯﺯﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺎﺭﻯ ﻣﺤﻤﺪﺟﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫‪ trade@tejaratdaily.com‬ﺁﺫﺭﻯﺟﻬﺮﻣـﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻳـﺮ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫـﻢ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺁﻧﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮔﻤﺮﻛﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺎﻻﻯ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻰ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻧﺸـﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺭﺳـﻤﻰ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰ ﻧﻴﺴـﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴـﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﻏﻴﺮﺭﺳﻤﻰ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻳﺎﺑﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺍﺳـﺎﺱ ﻫﻢ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ »ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻰ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺟﻤﻊﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻓﺎﻭﺍ«‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴﺘﻪ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺟﻤﻊﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻣﺪﺭﻥ ﺑﻴﺎﺑﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﻣــﺪﺭﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﺷــﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺁﻧﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰﺭﺳــﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺭﺩﻩ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖﻫــﺎﻯ ﻛﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟــﺖ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫــﻢ ﻧﻴــﺰ ﺟﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻌﻮﺩ ﺍﺳﻜﻨﺪﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘــﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺍﺳــﻢ ﻣﻌﺎﺭﻓــﻪ ﺁﺫﺭﻯ ﺟﻬﺮﻣــﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨــﻮﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃــﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺩﻭﻟــﺖ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﻯ ﺍﺳﺤﺎﻕ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﺍﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻴﺲﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﺳﻢ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﭼﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺳﺨﺖﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﻭ ﭼﻪ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻯ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺍﻓــﺰﻭﺩﻩ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻜﺮ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺳــﺨﺖﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﻭ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻗﻮﺗﻰ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻣﺎ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻫﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﺩﻧﺒــﺎﻝ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺗﻮﺟﻪﻫــﺎ‪ ،‬ﭼﻨــﺪﻯ ﭘﻴــﺶ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ‬ ‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶﻫــﺎﻯ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺷــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺷــﺎﺧﺺ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﺤﺼــﻮﻻﺕ ﺑﺎ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﻨﺘﺸــﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔــﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 1393‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺑــﺎ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺑــﺎﻻ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ‬ ‫‪ 433‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴــﻮﻥ ﺩﻻﺭ ﺑﺮﺁﻭﺭﺩ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑــﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻣــﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺴــﺘﻢ ﮔﻤﺮﻙ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻰ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺟﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﺳــﺎﻻﻧﻪ ﮔﻤﺮﻙ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻟﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﭘﻴﺎﻣﻚ ﺑﻪ ‪2020‬‬ ‫‪ On‬ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻯ ‪11688 :‬‬ ‫‪ On‬ﺩﺍﻳﻤﻰ ‪12635 :‬‬ ‫‪ On‬ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻯ ‪11736 :‬‬ ‫‪ On‬ﺩﺍﻳﻤﻰ ‪12727 :‬‬ ‫‪ On‬ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻯ ‪11523 :‬‬ ‫‪ On‬ﺩﺍﻳﻤﻰ ‪12497 :‬‬ ‫‪ On‬ﺩﺍﻳﻤﻰ ‪12644 :‬‬ ‫‪ On‬ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻯ ‪11692 :‬‬ ‫‪ On‬ﺩﺍﻳﻤﻰ ‪12639 :‬‬ ‫‪ On‬ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻯ ‪11745 :‬‬ ‫‪ On‬ﺩﺍﻳﻤﻰ ‪12697 :‬‬ ‫‪ On‬ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻯ ‪11741 :‬‬ ‫‪ On‬ﺩﺍﻳﻤﻰ ‪12693 :‬‬ ‫ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰ ﺁﺳﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻉ ﺳﻴﻢ ﻛﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺖ)ﺭﻳﺎﻝ(‬ ‫*‪#17*1*1*1*142‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻳﻤﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫‪65,000‬‬ ‫*‪#8*1*1*1*142‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻳﻤﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫‪80,000‬‬ ‫*‪#18*1*1*1*142‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻳﻤﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫‪90,000‬‬ ‫*‪#22*1*1*1*142‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻳﻤﻰ‬ ‫‪100,000‬‬ ‫*‪#24*3*1*1*142‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻳﻤﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫‪100,000‬‬ ‫*‪#29*3*1*1*142‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻳﻤﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫‪100,000‬‬ ‫*‪#12*1*1*1*142‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻳﻤﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫‪100,000‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺣــﻮﺯﻩ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓــﺰﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﻓــﺎﺭﻍ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺯﺑﻨﺪﻯﻫــﺎﻯ ﺟﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎﻳﻰ ﻳﻜﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﭼﺸــﻤﮕﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳــﺶ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﺯﺍﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﻛﻤــﻚ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﻚ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺯﻳﺮﺳــﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺟــﻮﺩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﻫﻴﻦ ﻃﺒﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻭ ﻧﺸﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ ﻛﻤﻴﺴﻴﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﻋﻨــﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﻤﻮﻧــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺣــﻮﺯﻩ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻫــﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺑﺎﻳﻠﻰ ﻣﻰﺑﻴﻨﻴﻢ ﺻﻨﻔﻰ ﺭﺍﻳﺎﻧﻪﺍﻯ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻋﻤــﺪﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻳﺮﺳــﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨــﺪ ﮔــﻮﮔﻞ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﭘﻞ ﺗﻌﻠﻖ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺷــﺎﻫﺪ ﺁﻥ ﻫﺴــﺘﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺑﺴــﺘﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻓﺮﻭﺷﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺠﺎﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓــﺰﺍﺭ ﺍﻧﺪﺭﻭﻳــﺪ ﻭ ‪ iOS‬ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺘﺸــﺎﺭ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭ ﺳﻴﺴــﺘﻢﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻫــﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺑﺎﻳﻠﻰ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺧﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺳــﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻻﻥ ﻓﺮﻭﺷﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺠــﺎﺯﻯ ﻣﻮﺑﺎﻳﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﺪﺭﻭﻳــﺪﻯ ﻳﺎ ‪ iOS‬ﻣﻰﺯﻧﻨــﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﻋﻰ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﭘﻠﻴﻜﻴﺸﻦﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺑﺎﻳﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺷــﺎﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﺰﻳﺖ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺯﻳﺮﺳﺎﺧﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺳــﺎﺯﻧﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﻮﺑﺎﻳﻠﻰ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺎﻳﻴﺪ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺳــﻮﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﻭﺷــﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺠﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺧﻮﺩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﻛﺴــﺐ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺷــﻬﺮﺕ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﻛﺴﺐ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺗــﺎ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺎﻩ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺳــﺎﺯﻧﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓــﺰﺍﺭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺎﻩ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺿــﻊ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺎﺯﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺣــﻮﺯﻩ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﮔﻮﮔﻞ ﻭ ﺍﭘﻞ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳــﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺯﻳﺮﺳــﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓــﺰﺍﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﻣﺎﺟﺮﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦﺟﺎ ﺧﺘﻢ ﻧﺸــﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﻭﺭ ﺷــﺎﻫﺪ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺸــﻰ‬ ‫ﺁﺭﺍﻣﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻫﺴﺘﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﻓﺸــﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺳﺨﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓــﺰﺍﺭ ﺑﻪﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺣــﻮﺯﻩ ‪ iOS‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺯﻳﺮﺳــﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺸﻜﻞﺁﻓﺮﻳﻨﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﭘﻠﻴﻜﻴﺸــﻦ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﻣﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﻔﻰ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﮔﺬﺍﺷــﺖ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﻋﻰ ﺟﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﻮﺑﺎﻳﻠﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻦﺑﺴــﺖ ﻣﻰﻛﺸــﺎﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻭﻗﺘﻰ ﺑﺤﺮﺍﻧﻰﺗﺮ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻓﻬﺮﺳــﺖ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻠــﻰ ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺭﺍ ﻫــﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺿﺎﻓــﻪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺗﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ﺁﻣــﺎﺭ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﻭ ﺭﺳــﻤﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓــﺰﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻮﺑﺎﻳﻠﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻜــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻢ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺑﻪﺷــﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺁﻳﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻫﻴــﺖ ﻏﻴﺮﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻰ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓــﺰﺍﺭﻯ ﭘﺪﻳﺪ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻣﺸــﺎﻫﺪﺍﺕ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﮔﻔﺖ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢ ﮔﻮﮔﻞ ﻭ ﺍﭘﻞ ﻭ ﺑﺴــﺘﻪ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﺩﺭﻫــﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺑﺎﻳﻠﻰ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻧــﺪﻙ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺩﺳــﺘﻴﺎﺑﻰ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺳــﻬﻤﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺣﺎﻻ ﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰﻩ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻫﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺷﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻜﺮ ﺭﺍﻩ ﭼﺎﺭﻩ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻯ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪﺯﻭﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﺻﻔﺮ ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﻧﻴﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻣﻘﺮﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻳﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺑﺨــﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺧﺒﺮ ﺩﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺩﻭﻟــﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺩﺧﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻣﻘﺮﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺍﻳﺴﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺣﺴــﻴﻦ ﻓﻼﺡ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺸﺴﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻰ ﻧﻈﺎﻣﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﭘﻴﻮﺳــﺖ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﻴــﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ 95‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﻧﻈﺎﻣﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﭼﺎﺭﭼﻮﺏﻫﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺩﺧﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺩﻭﻟﺘــﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻣﻘﺮﺭ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﻣﺼﻮﺑﻪ ‪ 163‬ﻛﻤﻴﺴﻴﻮﻥ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺮﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﻘﺮﺭ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﺎ ﻣﻮﻇﻒ ﺷــﺪﻩﺍﻳﻢ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺍﭘﺮﺍﺗﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪﻫــﺎﻯ ﺗﺸــﻮﻳﻘﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺑــﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ ﺗﺸــﻜﻞ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺻﻨﻒ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﻭ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻔﻰ ﺭﺍﻳﺎﻧﻪﺍﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﻪ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﻭ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻠــﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﻋﻬﺪﻩ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺻﻨﻒﻫﺎ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﺁﻳﺎ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺎﻥ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﻳﺎ ﻧﻴﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﺍﺕ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺍﺯﺳﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﭼﻨــﺪ ﺍﭘﺮﺍﺗﻮﺭ ﺗﻠﻔﻦ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺨﺎﺑﺮﺍﺕ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﭘﺮﻭﺍﻧﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪﺍﻳﻢ‪ .‬ﻓﻼﺡ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﻣﻘﺮﺭﺍﺕ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻣﻘﺮﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻳﻰ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﭘﻴﻮﺳــﺖ ﻓﻨــﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻻﺯﻡﺍﻻﺟﺮﺍ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻳﻚ ﻃﺮﻓﻪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺷﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫‪ 29‬ﻣﻬﺮ ‪1396‬‬ ‫ﺍﻭﻝ ﺻﻔﺮ ‪1439‬‬ ‫‪ 21‬ﺍﻛﺘﺒﺮ ‪2017‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺩﻭﻡ ‪ /‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ‪ /285‬ﭘﻴﺎﭘﻰ ‪434‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖ‬ ‫ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﻞ ﻫﻮﺍﻳﻰ ﻛﺎﻻ‬ ‫ﺑــﺎﻻ ﺑــﻮﺩﻥ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫــﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﻫﻮﺍﻳﻰ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻭ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻴــﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠــﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻠﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛــﻪ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﻮﺍﻳــﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻻ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺧــﺎﺭﺝ ﻛــﺮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﺮﺿﺎ ﺑﺤﻴﺮﺍﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨــﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﻫﻮﺍﻧﻮﺭﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﺷــﺎﻫﺪ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﻣﻘﻄﻌﻰ‬ ‫ﻫﺴــﺘﻴﻢ؛ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﻮﺍﻳﻰ ﻛﺎﻻ ﺑﻪ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺤﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺧﻴﺮ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻭ ‪ 4‬ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻋﺮﺑﻰ ﺭﺥ ﺩﺍﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺳــﻮﺧﺖ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻬﻢ ﻭ ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ؛ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻫــﺮ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤــﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘــﺮ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ‪ 45‬ﺳــﻨﺖ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ ﻓﺮﻭﺩﮔﺎﻩﻫﺎ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻋﺒﻮﺭﻯ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕــﺮ ﻫــﺮ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺗﻨﺎژ‬ ‫ﺧــﻮﺩ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻓــﺮﻭﺩﮔﺎﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﻖ ﭘﺎﺭﻛﻴﻨﮓ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﻫﻮﺍﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ ﺣﻤﻞ ﻫﻮﺍﻳﻰ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﮔﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ؛ ﻫﺮﭼﻨﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺵ ﺣﻤﻞ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺟﻨﺎﺱ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻃﻼ ﻭ ﺟﻮﺍﻫﺮﺍﺕ ﺑﻪﺻﺮﻓﻪﺗﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺣﻤﻞ ﻫﻮﺍﻳﻰ ﺑــﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻴﭻﮔﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺸــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺣﻤﻞ ﻫﻮﺍﻳﻰ ﻛﺎﻻ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺮﺳﺎﺧﺘﻰ ﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻯ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﻮ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺴﺘﻪﺑﻨﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺑــﺎﺭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻗﺖ ﻭ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷــﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻣــﺎ ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿــﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺣﻤﻞ ﻫﻮﺍﻳــﻰ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻣــﺎ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻰ ﺭﻓﺘــﺎﺭ ﻧﻤﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﻧﺘﻮﺍﻧﺴــﺘﻪﺍﻳﻢ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻗﺪﺭﺗﻤﻨﺪ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﻮ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺎ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﻴــﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳــﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻰ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﻮ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺍﮔﺮﭼﻪ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﮔﻮ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯﺳــﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳﺰﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺳــﺘﻰ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺑﺪﺍﻧﻴﻢ ﭼﻪ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺴــﺘﻌﺪ ﻫﺪﻑﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺧﻮﺩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤــﺎﻯ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﻮ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﻤــﻞ ﭼﻪ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺧﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺳﻮﻡ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺪﺭ ﺷﻬﻴﺪﺭﺟﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻋﺎﻣــﻞ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻨــﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻧــﻮﺭﺩﻯ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ‪ 860‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻧــﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺳــﻮﻡ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺑﻨﺪﺭ ﺷــﻬﻴﺪﺭﺟﺎﻳﻰ ﺧﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﭘﺎﻳﮕﺎﻩ ﺧﺒﺮﻯ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﺳــﺎﺯﻯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺭﺍﺳــﺘﺎﺩ ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳﺰﻯﻫﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴــﺎﺕ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺳــﻮﻡ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺑﻨﺪﺭ‬ ‫ﺷﻬﻴﺪﺭﺟﺎﻳﻰ ﺗﺎ ‪ 3‬ﻣﺎﻩ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺍﻓــﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺪﺭ ﺷــﻬﻴﺪﺭﺟﺎﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﻇﺮﻓﻴــﺖ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺯ ‪ 6‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺑﻪ ‪8‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺗﻰﺍﻯﻳﻮ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺳــﺘﺎﺩ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺪﺭ ﺷــﻬﻴﺪﺭﺟﺎﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺪﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﭘﻬﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻧﺴــﻞ ﻛﺸﺘﻰﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺷﻨﺎﻭﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖﭘﺬﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻨﺪﺭ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻳﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻌــﺎﻭﻥ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺰ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺍﺳﻜﻠﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻨﺪﺭ ﺷﻬﻴﺪﺭﺟﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ‪ 160‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﺳﻬﻢ ﺟﺎﺑﻪﺟﺎﻳﻰ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﻛﺎﻻ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻨﺪﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻯ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﺷــﻨﺎﻭﺭ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺮﻳﺤﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺳــﻮﺩ ﺻﻔﺮ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺿﻴﺎﻥ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺪﺭ ﺷﻬﻴﺪﺭﺟﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﻨﺪﺭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺳــﺎﻻﻧﻪ ﺣــﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 100‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺗﻦ ﻛﺎﻻ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻨﺪﺭ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ 55‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭ ‪ 70‬ﺩﺭﺻــﺪ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ ﺑﻨﺎﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﻋﻬﺪﻩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﻴــﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ 85‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺎﻧﺘﻴﻨﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻨﺪﺭ ﺟﺎﺑﻪﺟﺎ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳـﻌﻪ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳـﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶﻫـﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻳـﮋﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺣـﻮﺯﻩ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﺩﻩﺍﻯ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﭼﺸﻢﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺷﺸﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺳﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺟﺎﺑﻪﺟﺎ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸـﻮﺭ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪2‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴـﺌﻠﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻛﺮﻡ ﺍﻣﻴﻨﻰ‬ ‫‪ editor@tejaratdaily.com‬ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﺸـﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﻏﻔﻠﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺰﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻰﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺘﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﺖ‪ ،‬ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﺟﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎﻳﻰ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺰﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺘﻰ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻗـﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴـﻴﺮ ﻭ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﻰ ﻛﺮﻳﺪﻭﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺷـﻤﺎﻝ‪ -‬ﺟﻨﻮﺏ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻕﻏﺮﺏ‪ ،‬ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ ﻛﺎﻻ ﺟﻠﻮ ﺑﻴﻨﺪﺍﺯﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻴﺪ ﺑﺎﺑﺎﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﺩﺑﻴﺮ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﺻﻨﻔﻰ ﺷـﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ ﺑﺎ »ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ« ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺷـﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺰﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺘﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﻧﺪﻙ ﺯﻳﺮﺑﻨﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺸـﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ ﺳﺨﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻭ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﻧﻊ ﺩﺳـﺘﻴﺎﺑﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺎﻩ ﺷﺎﻳﺴﺘﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻧﺒﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﭙﺎﺭﭼﮕﻰ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺘﻮﻟﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﻧﻴﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺳﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺣﻤﻞﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻓﻘﻂ ‪2‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪﺩ ﻣﺘﻮﻟﻰ؛ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻧﺎﻛﺎﻣﻰ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺘﻰ ﺑــﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﺯﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻠﺰﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻋﺎﻳــﺖ ﻣﻘﺮﺭﺍﺕ ﻛﻨﻮﺍﻧﺴــﻴﻮﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠــﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﻮﻟﻴﺎﻥ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻭ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﺪﺩ ﻣﺘﻮﻟﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ﻳﻜﭙﺎﺭﭼﮕــﻰ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻧﺎﻛﺎﻣﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺘﻰ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﻞ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﭼﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻛﺮﺩ؟‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻫﺮﮔﺎﻩ ﻳﻜﭙﺎﺭﭼﮕﻰ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺘﻮﻟﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﺷﻜﻞ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻯ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤــﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳــﺎﻝﻫﺎ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨــﺪ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﻭ ﻣﺬﺍﻛﺮﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺫﻯﻧﻔﻌﺎﻥ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺨــﺶ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﺤــﺪﻭﺩ ﻭ ﻛﻤﺮﻧﮓ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻋــﻼﻭﻩ ﺑــﺮ ﺟــﺬﺍﺏ ﻛــﺮﺩﻥ ﻓﻀــﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺨــﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻــﻰ ﻣﺮﺗﺒــﻂ ﺑــﺎ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﺯﻭﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﻧﺪﻳﺸﻴﺪﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳـﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﻛﺸـﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺷﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳـﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﭼﻘﺪﺭ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰﺭﺳــﺪ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﻧﺴــﺠﺎﻡ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻯ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﺍﺳــﺘﺮﺍﺗﮋﻳﻚ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳــﺖ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﺬﺍﻛﺮﻩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﻭ ﻋﻘﺪ ﻣﻮﺍﻓﻘﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫــﺎ ﻭ ﺗﻔﺎﻫﻤﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺳﻰﺁﻯﺍﺱ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ ﻭ ﭼﻴﻦ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩ ﺟﺪﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨــﻪ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻯ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﻛﺴــﺐ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺩﺭ ﺣــﻮﺯﻩ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥﺑﺮ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺴــﺌﻠﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻮﺍﻣــﻞ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﻯ ﺑﺴــﺘﮕﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﻰ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺫﻯﻧﻔﻌﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺑﻪﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﻫﻤﺴــﺎﻳﮕﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺎﺳــﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺘــﻰ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻫــﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﻰﺩﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺳــﻴﺮ ﻣﺤﻤﻮﻻﺕ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺘــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻛﺮﻳﺪﻭﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﻋﺒﻮﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺮﭼﻨﺪ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻢ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﻣﺘﺼﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺻﻼﺣﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺣﺎﻛﻢ ﺑﺮ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﮕﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻛﺮﻳﺪﻭﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﺴﻴﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺘﻰ ﺭﻗﻴﺐ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻣﺰﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺴﻴﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﻋﺒﻮﺭﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻛﺎﺳﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺁﻳـﺎ ﻣﻰﺗـﻮﺍﻥ ﺑـﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳـﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﻧﺸــﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 94‬ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻰ ﻛﻠﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺮ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻛﺮﺩ؟‬ ‫‪ 1/5‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺗﻦ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳــﺖ ﻛﺎﻻ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻰﺗــﻮﺍﻥ ﺗﻼﺷــﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺘﻰ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺟﺎﺑﻪﺟﺎ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﻰ‬ ‫‪ 95‬ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺣــﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 1/2‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺗﻦ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﻳــﺪﺍﺭ ﺑﻴــﻦ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺒــﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻫــﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺘــﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘــﻪ ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺼﺪﻫــﺎﻯ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﻭ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻛﺎﻻ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 96‬ﺩﻭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺣﻤﻞ ‪1/5‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺴــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﻋﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﻛﺴﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﻠﻴــﻮﻥ ﺗﻦ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺘﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺭﺍﻩﺁﻫﻦ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ‬ ‫ﺳــﻬﻴﻢ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺠــﺎﺭﺕ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪﺍﻯ ﻭ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠــﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺘﻘــﺎﻝ ﺑﺨﺸــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺛﺮﻭﺕ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﺩﻟﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ ﭼﻪ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺘﻰ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﺯﻣﺎﻥﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺸـﻜﻼﺕ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﭼﻴﺴﺖ؟‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؟‬ ‫ﻭ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﻣﺘﻌــﺪﺩﻯ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻰﺗــﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺟﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎﻳــﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻳــﮋﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴــﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﺯﻩﻫــﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠــﻒ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺨــﺶ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﻗــﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻦ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴــﻴﺮ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻣﺤﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﺖ؛ ﻣﺴــﺎﺋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺿﻌﻒ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﻳﺪﻭﺭﻫــﺎﻯ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺘﻰ ﺷــﺮﻕ ﺑﻪ ﻏﺮﺏ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺫﻯﻧﻔﻌﺎﻥ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪﺍﻯ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺷــﻤﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻨﻮﺏ ﺩﻧﻴــﺎ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﺟﺎﺑﻪﺟﺎﻳﻰ ﻭﺍﮔﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺰﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺘﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺳــﻰﺁﻯﺍﺱ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﺮﻓﻪ ﺣﻤﻞ‪ ،‬ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺳﻴﺮ ﻣﺤﻤﻮﻻﺕ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ ﻭ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣــﻮﺭ ﮔﻤﺮﻛــﻰ‪ ،‬ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ﻧﻈــﺎﻡ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗــﻰ ﻳﻜﭙﺎﺭﭼﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕــﺮ‪ ،‬ﺍﺭﺗﻘــﺎﻯ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﻰ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺫﻯﻧﻔﻌﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻧﺮﺳﻴﺪﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺳﺮﺍﺳﺮﻯ ﻭ‪. ...‬‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻳﻪ ﻭ ﺷﺮﻛﺎﻯ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺒﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴــﺌﻠﻪ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺼﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺘﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﺰﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﻓﻘﻴﺖ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺮﻳﺪﻭﺭﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳــﺖ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﻳــﻚ ﻛﻠﻴﺪﻭﺍژﻩ ﺍﺳﺎﺳــﻰ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫»ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﻰ ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺘﻮﻟﻰ« ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳـﺖ ﻭ ﺣﻤﻞ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﺯﻳﺮﺑﻨﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﻫﻪ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺗﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﺴــﻴﺮﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻟﺰﻭﻡ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﻣﺮﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﺟــﺎﺩﻩﺍﻯ‪ ،‬ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺑﻨﺎﺩﺭ‪ ،‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ ﺑــﺎﺭ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ‪ 2‬ﺑﺨﺶ ﺟﺎﺩﻩﺍﻯ ﻭ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻫﻤﻪ ﻣﺰﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺘﻰ‪ ،‬ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﺳﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻻﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ‪ 150‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻯ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫‪5‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺗﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 85‬ﺑﻪ ‪12/5‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺗﻦ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻧﺸــﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻰ )ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﻭ ﺟﺎﺩﻩﺍﻯ( ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺭﺍﻩﺁﻫﻦ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ‬ ‫‪ 94‬ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺸﻰ ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺱ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 9‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ‪ 32‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻯ ﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ؛ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪﺍﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺎﻳﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻻﻥ ﺭﺍﻩﺁﻫﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻫﻤﻪ ﻣﺮﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻙ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺟﺎﺑﻪﺟﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺮﺳﺎﺧﺘﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺘﻰ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻳﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﺨﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺭ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺘﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ ﺣــﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 400‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺗﻦ ﻛﺎﻻﻯ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻂ ﺍﺯ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺮﺯ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺳــﺮﺧﺲ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻻﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺳﺨﻦ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺟﺎﺑﻪﺟﺎ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪2‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﺮﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻳﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺑﻰﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺧﻂﺁﻫﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﺎﻣﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﻬﻢ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ ﻛﺎﻻ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ ﻛﺎﻻﻯ ﺟﺎﺑﻪﺟﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻙ‪ ،‬ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻳﻪ ﺑﻴﻜﺎﺭ ﻧﻨﺸﺴﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﻌﻘﺎﺩ ﺗﻔﺎﻫﻤﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺮﻩﻭﺭﻯ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺯﻳﺮﺑﻨﺎﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻻﻥ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻴﺮﺟﺎﻭﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﺪﺩ ﺭﺍﻩﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻯ ﻛﺮﻳﺪﻭﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺘﻰ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﻯ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻠﻰ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺣﻤﻞ ﻛﺎﻻﻯ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﺳــﺮﺧﺲ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻳﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﺬﺍﻛﺮﻩ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﻗﺒﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺴــﻴﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺘﺰﻳﺘﻰﻫﺎ ﺑﺘﺮﺍﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻮﺍﻧﺴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴــﺌﻠﻪ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ ﺩﺷﻮﺍﺭﺗﺮ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳــﻬﻢ ﺭﺍﻩﺁﻫﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﺬﺍﻛﺮﻩﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻣﺰﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺘﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺒﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻻﻥ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳﻬﻢ ﺭﺍﻩﺁﻫﻦ ﺍﺯ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰﺭﺳــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺑﺨﺸﻴﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻞ ﻣﻌﻀﻼﺕ‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿـﺮ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﻛﺸـﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﭼﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﺴــﺎﻳﻪ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺗﺎ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺰﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻄﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﻣﻨﺪ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺟﺎﺩﻩﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺖ ﻛﺎﻻ ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮﺍﺯ ﻭ ﻧﺸــﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 3‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭ ﺁﻟﻮﺩﮔﻰ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﻛﻤﻴﺴــﻴﻮﻥ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺷﻮﺭﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩ ﺩﺍﺩ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻯ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺁﻟﻮﺩﮔﻰ ﻫﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﮔﺎﻡ ﺟﺪﻯ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤــﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﺨﺎﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻬﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺮﺍﻓﻴﻚ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺁﻟﻮﺩﮔﻰ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﺨﺸــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺩﺩ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ‪ 70‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻯ ﺗﺮﺍﻓﻴﻚ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺁﻟﻮﺩﮔﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺁﻳﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺍﻓــﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﻪﻋﻨــﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺗــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺯﻭﺝ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻓــﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻃﺮﺡ ﺗﺮﺍﻓﻴﻚ ﻭ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺁﻟﻮﺩﮔــﻰ ﻫﻮﺍ ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ُﻣﺴــﻜﻨﻰ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺗﺮﺍﻓﻴﻚ ﻭ ﺁﻟﻮﺩﮔﻰ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻰ ﺣﻞ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﻛﻤﻴﺴــﻴﻮﻥ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺷــﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﺷﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻬــﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺗﻬــﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻳﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﻼﻥ ﺑﻨﮕﺮﻳﻢ‪ ،‬ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﻛﻼﻧﺸﻬﺮﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﻧﻴــﺰ ﻛﻼﻥ ﺑــﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻧــﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺑﺎﻳــﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻠــﻰ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻞ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻬﺪﻩ ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺷــﻬﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﻬــﺮﺍﻥ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺷــﻬﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺣﻞ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﺨﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺯﻳﺮﺳﺎﺧﺘﻰ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺑﺴــﺎﻣﺎﻧﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﺎﻳﺘﺨﺖ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﺯﻳﺮﺳــﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﺷﻬﺮﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﻧﻜﺮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺗﻰ ﻛــﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺪﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﻭ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺕ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﮔﺬﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﻼﻥ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﻣﻰﺑﻴﻨﻴﻢ ﺷــﻬﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻪ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﻃﺮﻑ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺗﺎﻛﻴــﺪ ﻛــﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟــﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﻼﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺧــﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﺯ ﺣﻴﻄــﻪ ﻭ ﻣﺴــﺌﻮﻟﻴﺖ ﻧﻬــﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﺷﻬﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻞ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﭼﺎﺭﭼﻮﺏ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﻄﺢ ﻣﻠﻰ ﺟﺴﺖﻭﺟﻮ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﻭﻇﺎﻳﻔﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻭﻇﺎﻳﻒ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺩﻫــﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻓﻰ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺷــﻬﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪﺍﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻛــﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻢ ﺑﺎﻳــﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪﻫﺎ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺗﻼﺵ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﺷﺘﺒﺎﻫﺎﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ ﻧﻜﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﻀﻮ ﺷــﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﺷــﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜــﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺘﺨﺖ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺘﻰ ﻳﻜﭙﺎﺭﭼﻪ ﻭ ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮓ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺷﻬﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻣﺤﻠﻰ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺷــﻬﺮ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﻣﻰﺍﻓﺘﺪ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻳﺎ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺧﺎﻟﺘﻰ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰ ﻛــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﻫﺮ ﻧﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺷــﻬﺮ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻴﻄﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﻭ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻣﺤﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﭼﺸﻢﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯ ‪ 10‬ﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻌــﺎﻭﻥ ﻣﺴــﻜﻦ ﻭ ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﻭﺯﻳــﺮ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺮﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﭼﺸــﻢﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺩﻫﻪ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺸــﺮﻳﺢ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺁﻭﺭﺩﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﻣﺴــﻜﻦ ﺩﺭ ‪ 10‬ﺳــﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺳــﺎﺧﺖ ﺳــﺎﻻﻧﻪ ﻳــﻚ ﻣﻴﻠﻴــﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺴــﻜﻮﻧﻰ ﻣــﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻴﻤــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﺮﺳــﻮﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻓﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻰﺷﺪﻩ ﻓﺮﺳﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺤﻼﺕ ﻫﺪﻑ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔــﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﭘﺎﻳﮕﺎﻩ ﺧﺒﺮﻯ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﺳــﺎﺯﻯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻣــﺪ ﻣﻈﺎﻫﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﻓــﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﺣــﺪﻭﺩ ﻧﻴﻤﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﺮﺳــﻮﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻓﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻳﻰ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻓﺮﺳــﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺤﻼﺕ ﻫﺪﻑ ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻈﺎﻫﺮﻳــﺎﻥ ﺑــﺎ ﺑﻴــﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻃــﺮﺡ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﻣﺴــﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣــﻪ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﺳــﻨﺠﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﻗــﺪﺍﻡ ﻭ ﻋﻤــﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺴــﻜﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﺩﻫﻪ ﭘﻴﺶﺭﻭ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻇﻬــﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﻣﺴــﻜﻦ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺰﻡ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﻰ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺤﻮﻻﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮﻥ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺑﻪﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﺴــﻜﻦ‪ ،‬ﻫﺮ ﺳــﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺭﺻﺪ ﻭ ﭘﺎﻳﺶ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﺡ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﺍﻗﺺ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﺡﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪﺍﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻧﺒﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﭘﺎﻳﺶ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﺡﻫﺎﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭﻋﻤــﻞ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺡﻫــﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻣــﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻳﻰ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ ﭘﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺑــﺮﻭﺯ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻮﻻﺕ ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﻧﺸــﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﺯﻩﻫــﺎﻯ ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔــﻮﻥ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪﻯ ﻏﻴﺮﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻌــﺎﻭﻥ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﮔﻔﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﻨﺘﺸــﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﺷــﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﻧﻔﻮﺱ ﻭ ﻣﺴــﻜﻦ ﺳــﺎﻝ‬ ‫‪ 95‬ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻫﻢﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺯ ‪ 80‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﻧﻔﺮ‬ ‫ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺭ ﺑﻪ ‪ 24‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺭ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑُﻌــﺪ ﺧﺎﻧــﻮﺍﺭ ﻫﻢﺍﻛﻨــﻮﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻋــﺪﺩ ‪ 3/3‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺑــﺎ ﺑﻴــﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺿــﺮﻭﺭﺕ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩﻫــﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻣﺴــﻜﻦ ﻭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺴــﻜﻦ ﺧﺒﺮ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨﺪ؛ ﺍﻓــﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﻫﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢﮔﻴﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺣــﻮﺯﻩ ﻣﺴــﻜﻦ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑــﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻮﻻﺕ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻃــﺮﺡ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻮﻻﺕ ﻫﺮ ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﭘﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﻭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻈﺎﻫﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﺷﺘﺎﺑﺎﻥ ﺷﻬﺮﻧﺸﻴﻨﻰ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺗﺎ ﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻣﺴــﻜﻦ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﺧﺎﻧﻪﺍﻭﻟﻰﻫﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻓﺖﻫﺎﻯﻓﺮﺳــﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻧﺎﻛﺎﺭﺁﻣــﺪ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪﻧﺸﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺷﻨﺒﻪ ﭘﻮﻟﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﺑﺴﺰﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﻰﮔﺬﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺳـﺎﻳﺮ ﻛﺸـﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﻠﻘﻰ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻧﺮﺥ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺯ ﺑﺎ ﭼﻪ ﺭﻭﻧﺪﻯ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﭼﻪ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺘﻰ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺣﺎﺋﺰ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺯﻫﺮﻩ ﻣﺤﺴﻨﻰﺷﺎﺩ‬ ‫‪ bazzar@tejaratdaily.com‬ﺑـﺪﻭﻥ ﺗﺮﺩﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺷـﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻓﻌﻠـﻰ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳـﺶ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧـﺪ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﻭ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﻛﻼﻥ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻚ ﺷﻴﺐ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻰ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﻭ ﺻﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﺑﺮﺳﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺮﭼﻨـﺪ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺛﺒـﺎﺕ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻗـﺪﺭﺕ ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﻭ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩﻧﮕـﺮﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻫﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻰ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻰ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﭼﻨﺪﻧﺮﺧﻰ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﺪﺕﻫﺎﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺗﻚﻧﺮﺧﻰ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺯ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﻨﺎ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺣﺎﻛﻢ ﺑﺎﺷـﺪ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﻧﺮﺥ ﭘﻴﺮﻭﻯ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺗﺮﺩﻳﺪ ﺩﺳـﺘﻴﺎﺑﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﺪﻑ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﻣﺜﺒﺘﻰ ﻫﻢ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﺸـﻮﺭ ﺑﻪﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺁﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﻭﺍﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳـﻦ ﻧـﺮﺥ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﺷـﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻛـﻪ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﻭ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺑﺎﺷـﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻨﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻧﻮﺳـﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﭘﻴﺎﻣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻨﻔﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺎﺟﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺳـﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﻪﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻫﺮﭼﻨﺪ ﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻳﺴﻚ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻫﻢ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻫﻴﭻ ﭘﻮﺷـﺶ ﺭﻳﺴﻜﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺻﻮﻟﻰ ﻭ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﮔﺎﻡ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺘﺮ ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖ‬ ‫ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺕ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﺍﻣﻮﺍﺝ ﭘﻮﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺑﺮ ﻛﺸﺘﻰ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻳﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩﺍﻯ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ »ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻧــﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﻭ ﺍﺛﺮﺍﺕ ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺮ ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻰ«‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳــﻒ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻰ ﻫﻤﻪ ﻧﻘــﺎﻁ ﺗﻬﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎﻳــﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻴــﺰ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻥ ﺑــﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺷــﺎﻫﺪ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻯ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪ ﺗﺎﺟﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻗﺒﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﻭ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧــﺖ‪ .‬ﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﻳﻨﻜــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺘﻰ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨــﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫــﺎﻯ ﻓــﺮﻭﺵ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗــﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺧﺮﻳــﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﻨﻌﻘﺪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎ ﺑﻠﻨﺪﻣﺪﺕ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺳــﺘﻤﺰﺩ ﻭ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ﻋﻠﻠــﻰ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺮﻭﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺍﮔــﺮ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﺗﻌﻬﺪﺍﺕ ﺧــﻮﺩ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻛﺎﻻﻫــﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺘــﻰ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺗﻤﺎﻡﺷــﺪﻩ ﺑﻔﺮﻭﺷــﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﺴــﻚ ﻧﺎﺷﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺯﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﺫﻫﻦ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﻛﻨﻨــﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﺸــﻐﻮﻝ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﺑﻠﻨﺪﻣﺪﺕ ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻳﺴﻚ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﻡﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﮔــﺮﻭﻩ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻤﻪ ﻭ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﺴــﻚ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑــﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨــﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻫــﺶ ﺩﺭ ﻗﻴﻤــﺖ ﻓــﺮﻭﺵ ﻛﺎﻻ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳــﺶ ﻧــﺮﺥ ﺍﺳــﺘﻘﺮﺍﺽ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﺴــﻚﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﺎﺷﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﺖ ﻭ ﮔﻔﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻠﻨﺪﻣﺪﺕ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟــﻰ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﻣﺘﻀﺮﺭ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻘــﺪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﺑﺎﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻗﻴﻤﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺧــﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﺑــﺮ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺻــﻮﻝ ﺑﻬﺎﻯ ﻛﺎﻻ )ﺳﺮﺭﺳــﻴﺪ( ﭼﻪﺑﺴــﺎ ﺯﻳﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻬﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺘﺤﻤﻞ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﺍﻧــﻪ ﺍﺣﻤــﺪﻯ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ ﺑﺎ »ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ«‬ ‫ﺗﺼﺮﻳﺢ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺩﺭﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺳــﺘﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨــﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻌﻬﺪ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﺍﺭﺯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺧﺴﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﻪﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﺭﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻛﺎﻫــﺶ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﺩﺳــﺘﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻌﻬﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻳﻨــﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺭﺯﻯ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺁﻥ ﺧﺴﺎﺭﺕ ﺗﻠﻘﻰ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ :‬ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺴــﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﻬﻢ ﻭ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﻡﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ؛ ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﻧﺎﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳــﺰﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎ ﺑﻪﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺑﺎﻋــﺚ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺭﻓﺘﻦ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺁﻣﺪﻥ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺘﻰ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ »ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﻭ ﺍﺛﺮﺍﺕ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﺑﺮ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻰ«؛ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻰ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺭﻓﺘﻦ ﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰﻩ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﺮﻋﻜــﺲ ﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰﻩ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﻛﺎﻻﻫــﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻧﮕﺮﺍﻧــﻰ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺣﻤﺪﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻰﺛﺒﺎﺗﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻧﺎﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﻳﺎ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ﺍﻃﻤﻨﻴﺎﻥ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺭﻳﺴــﻚ ﺑﻪﺷــﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻧﺎﺷــﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﺴــﻚ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺟﺘﻨﺎﺏﻧﺎﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻳﺴــﻚ ﭘﻮﺷﺸﻰ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻰ ﺩﺍﺷــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﺴﻚ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﭘﻮﻳﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳــﺘﺮﺱ‬ ‫ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﺴــﻚ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﺑﺴﺘﺮﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺷﻜﻞﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻧﺸــﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﻭﻗﺘﻰ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻧﮕﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺠﻴﻨﮓ ﺍﺭﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻫﺎﺩ ﺭﻣﻀﺎﻥ‪ -‬ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﭘﻮﻟﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻟـﻰ‪ :‬ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺟﺪﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻰ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛــﺮﺩﻥ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗــﻰ ﻭ ﺭﻓــﻊ ﻣﻮﺍﻧــﻊ ﭘﻴــﺶ ﺭﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺻﻠﻰﺗﺮﻳــﻦ ﺭﺍﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﻌﺎﻝﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﻛــﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺷــﻜﻰ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﺷﺎﻥ ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭﺗﺮ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺍﺯﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻬﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ‪ ،‬ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻤــﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺑﺮﺍﺯ ﻧﮕﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﻭ ﮔﻠﻪﻣﻨﺪﻯ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪﻧﺪ ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﺭﺯﻯ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻳﻨــﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻬــﺎ ﺳــﻠﺐ ﻭ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺧﺎﻃﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﻯﺷﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺭﺍﺳــﺘﺎ؛ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﺍﺯﺟﻤﻠــﻪ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﻭ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺧﻸﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ؛ ﺭﻳﺴــﻚ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻧــﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺭﺍ ﭘﻮﺷــﺶ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭﻯﻫﺎ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻛــﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺯﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻈــﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻯ ﻭ ﺑﻮﺭﺱ ﻗــﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ؛ ﻧﺮﺥ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺯ ﺭﺍ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻧﮕﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺁﻥ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺗﺌﻮﺭﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ؛ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ‬ ‫ﺑــﺎﻻ ﻣــﻰﺭﻭﺩ ﻭ ﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺣﺎﻛﻢ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻔﻊ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺣﺠﻢ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻻﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗــﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧــﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻫﺪ؛ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑــﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺍﻣﺮ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﻴﻨــﻪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺗﻮﺟــﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍﮔــﺮ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺭﻳﺴــﻚ ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻫــﺪﻑ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﻭ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺎﺭﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ﻫﺠﻴﻨﮓ ﺍﺭﺯﻯ ﭘﻮﺷــﺶ‬ ‫ﺩﻫﻨــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻃــﻮﺭ ﺣﺘﻢ ﻣﻰﺗــﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻰﺗﺮ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺭﻳﺴﻚ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺑﺮﺳﺪ‪ .‬ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎ ﭘﻮﺷــﺶ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻳﺴﻚ‪ ،‬ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺟﻠﻮﻯ ﺿﺮﺭ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺯﻳﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻰ ﺗﺎﺟــﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﺍ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﻭ ﮔﺎﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺍﻫــﻢ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑــﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺰﻳﺖﻫــﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺭﺳــﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻯ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖ ﻫﺮﭼﻪ ﺳﺮﻳﻊﺗﺮ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺿﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖ ﻳﻜﺴﺎﻥﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺗﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎﻧــﻚ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻯ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻳﺖ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﻫﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻢ ﺭﺍ ﻫﺮﭼﻪ ﺳــﺮﻳﻊﺗﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻰ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﭼﻮﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﺭﺯﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮﺣﺎﻝ ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﺣﺎﺋﺰ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺍﺳﺖ؛ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻛــﻪ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻯ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺗﻼﺵ ﺧﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﻫﺪﻓﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳــﺘﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺩﻩﺍﻧــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴــﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳــﺪ ﺣﻔﺮﻩﻫــﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﻟﻰ ﻛــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺣــﻮﺯﻩ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻞ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴــﺖ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺗﺮﺩﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﻫﻰ‬ ‫ﺟﺰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ 29‬ﻣﻬﺮ ‪1396‬‬ ‫ﺍﻭﻝ ﺻﻔﺮ ‪1439‬‬ ‫‪ 21‬ﺍﻛﺘﺒﺮ ‪2017‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺩﻭﻡ ‪ /‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ‪ /285‬ﭘﻴﺎﭘﻰ‪434‬‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻭﻗﺘﻰ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻯ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻰ ﺁﻥ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗــﻼﺵ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺍﻩﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻯ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫــﺎﻯ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺭﺯﻯ ﻭ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺸــﺘﻘﻪ ﺍﺭﺯﻯ ﺑﻰﺛﻤــﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺭﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺭﺳــﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻛﻨﻮﻧﻰ ﻧﺘﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺘﺪﺍﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻮﺷــﺶ ﺭﻳﺴﻚ ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻤﻪ ﻭ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺗﺼﺮﻳﺢ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﺮ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺷﻮﺭﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻟﻰ ﺑﻴﻤــﻪ ﺩﺭ ‪ 29‬ﻓﺮﻭﺭﺩﻳﻦ ‪) 1391‬ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ‪72‬‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﭘﻨﺠﻢ( ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺭﻳﺴــﻚ ﻧﺎﺷﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻗﻴﻤﺖﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﺟﺎﺯﻩ ﺻﺪﻭﺭ ﺑﻴﻤﻪﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻧﺮﺥ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺯ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫــﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫــﺎﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻛﺎﻻ ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﻤﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﭼﺎﺭﭼﻮﺏ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺑﻴﻤﻪﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺣﻤﺪﻯ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ :‬ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺑﻴﻤﻪﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻳﺎﺩﺷــﺪﻩ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﺴــﻚ ﻧﺎﺷــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻤﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﻭ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻥ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺭﻳﺴﻚ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﺮﺥ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺭﻳﺴــﻚ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ‬ ‫ﻧــﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺑــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﻤﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﻴﻤﻪ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻫﺮ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺭﻳﺴﻚ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺭﻳﺴــﻚ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﻫﻴﭻ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷــﺪﻩﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﻭ ﺗﺼﺎﺩﻓﻰ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻭﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻓﻰ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﻤﻪ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﺴــﻚ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻴﻤﻪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺭﻳﺴــﻚ ﺑﻴﻤﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺒﺴــﺘﮕﻰ ﻭﺟــﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟــﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﺍﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑــﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺒﺴــﺘﮕﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻰ ﻭﻗﺘﻰ ﻳﻚ ﻧﻔﺮ ﺩﭼﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺧﺴــﺎﺭﺕ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺳــﺎﻳﺮ ﺑﻴﻤﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﭼﺎﺭ ﺧﺴﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﻤﻪ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻳﺴــﻚ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺿﻴﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﻤﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺣﻖ ﺑﻴﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻰ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﺗﺐ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻤﻪ ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺑﻴﻤﻪﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻳﺎﺩﺷــﺪﻩ ﺭﻏﺒﺘﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻧﺪﺍﺩﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻟﺰﻭﻡ ﺍﻧﻌﻘﺎﺩ ﺩﻭ ﻳﺎ ﭼﻨﺪﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﭘﻮﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﮔــﺮﻭﻩ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻤﻪ ﻭ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﺎﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻥ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺑﻪﻭﻳﮋﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪ ،‬ﻫﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﺯﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻮﺏ ﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺭﻳﺴــﻚ ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻤﻪﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺣﻤﺪﻯ ﺑــﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺑﻴﻤﻪﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺑــﺎ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﺪﺍﻛﺜﺮ ‪ 6‬ﻣﺎﻫﻪ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ‪ 3‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺗﺎ ‪35‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﺭﺯ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﺭﺍ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﺧﺴــﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺯﻳﺮ ‪3‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻓﺮﺍﻧﺸﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪﺷــﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺴــﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﻴﻤﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﻛﺴﺮ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣــﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﻤﻪﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎﻳــﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻰ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻗﺪ ﭘﻮﺷــﺶ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻉ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﺭﻳﺴــﻚ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﻭ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﭼﺮﺍﻛــﻪ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ﺛﺒــﺎﺕ ﻭ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻗــﺪﺭﺕ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨــﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﺥ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺯ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻰ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺖ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﻳﺎﺭﺍﻧﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻠﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻛﺎﻻ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺑﻪﺷــﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑــﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺍﻭ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺍﻓﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭ ﺗﻜﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺷــﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﺭﺯﻯ ﻫﻢ ﻧﻴﺴﺘﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ ﺳــﻮ ﻣﻌﻴﺸــﺖ ﻋﻤﻮﻡ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺭﺍ ﺩﭼﺎﺭ ﺑﺤﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﺪﻫﻜﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﺭﺯﻯ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻤــﻪ ﻭ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺗﺠــﺎﺭﺕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﻌﻘــﺎﺩ ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﭘﻮﻟــﻰ ﺩﻭ ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﺴﻮ ﻭ ﺷﺮﻳﻚ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﭘﻮﻟﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﻧﺎﺷــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺤﺮﺍﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﺖ ﻭ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺭﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺤﻠﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﻰ ﺷﺎﻳﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻭﺳﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﭘﺎﻛﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﻑ ﺍﻧﻌﻘﺎﺩ ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﭘﻮﻟﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺯ ﻫﺮﭼﻪ ﺳﺮﻳﻊﺗﺮ ﻳﻜﺴﺎﻥﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﺻﻐﺮ ﭘﻮﺭﻣﺘﻴﻦ‪ -‬ﻛﺎﺭﺷـﻨﺎﺱ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ‪ :‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﻫﺪﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻟﺰﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩﻩ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻯ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺭﻓﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ‪ ،...‬ﭼﺎﺭﻩﺍﻯ ﺟﺰ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻳﻢ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﺳــﺘﺎ ﺑﺎﻳــﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﮋﻩﺍﻯ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻞ ﺍﻣﻮﺭ؛ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺑﺮ ﺳﺮ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﺮﻃﺮﻑ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﻬﻤﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺖ ﻭ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﺭﺯﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺳﻠﺐ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺮﭼﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﻫﺮﭼﻪ ﮔﺮﺍﻥﺗﺮ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ؛ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻔﻊ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻥ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ؛ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻔﻊﺷﺎﻥ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪﺷــﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺑﺮﺳــﺪ ﺗﺎ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﺷــﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳﺰﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰﺭﺳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻬﻢ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﺛﺮﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖ ﺗﻚﻧﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ؛‬ ‫ﺗﻚﻧﺮﺧﻰ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻔﻊ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﺭﺯﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺑﺮﺳــﺎﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪﻧﺮﺧﻰ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ﺷــﻔﺎﻓﻴﺖ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﺭﺯﻯ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻫﺮﭼﻪ ﺳﺮﻳﻊﺗﺮ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺩﺭﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻳــﻚ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺑﺎﺷــﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺣــﺎﻝ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛــﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺳﺖﺷــﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺮﻳــﺪ ﻭ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﺎﺯﺗﺮ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﺮ ﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰﻩ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺕ ﺭﺍﻩﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻯ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻣﺸﺘﻘﻪ ﺍﺭﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﻤـﺪ ﭘﻮﻳﺎﻥﻓـﺮ‪ -‬ﻛﺎﺭﺷـﻨﺎﺱ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫـﺎﻯ ﻣﺎﻟـﻰ ‪:‬‬ ‫ﭘﻮﺷــﺶ ﺭﻳﺴــﻚ ﺍﺭﺯ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧــﺪ ﻋﺎﻣﻠــﻰ ﻣﻬــﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺟــﺬﺏ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻣﺴــﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ؛ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰﺭﺳــﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺶﺭﻭﻯ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺭﻳﺴﻜﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﺎ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﺯﺟﻤﻠــﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺰﻡ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺒﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﭘﻮﺷــﺶ ﺭﻳﺴﻚ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ‬ ‫ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻳﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰﺭﺳــﺪ ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻄﻰ ﺍﮔــﺮ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻣﺸــﺘﻘﻪ ﺍﺭﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻩﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻯ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺍﻣﺮ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺟﻮﺍﺑﮕﻮ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻑ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻯ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕﺷﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪﺷﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻨﻨــﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑــﺪﻭﻥ ﺗﺮﺩﻳﺪ ﺭﺍﻩﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻯ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻣﺸــﺘﻘﻪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﭘﻮﺷــﺶ ﺭﻳﺴﻚ ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﺭﺯﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻄﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﺳــﺘﺎ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﻧﺤﺼﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻯ ﻭ ﺣﺎﻛﻢ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻳﻚ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺑﺮ ﻛﺴــﻰ ﭘﻮﺷﻴﺪﻩ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺳﺎﻟﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻯ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺩﻋــﺎ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻂ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮ ﻋﻬﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻯ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻰ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿــﻮﻉ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺟﺪﻳﺖ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻓﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺪﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨــﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﻴﺮ ﺑــﻪ ﺩﻟﻴــﻞ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺷــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢﻫــﺎ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴــﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ‬ ‫ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﺳــﺨﺘﻰ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑــﺎ ﻣﻌﻀــﻼﺕ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺳــﺖ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻫﺎﺩ ﻓﺰﻭﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻳﺒﺎﻧﻨــﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﻀﻮ ﻛﻤﻴﺴﻴﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺗﻰ ﭘﻮﻝ ﻭ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺍﺗﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭﻯ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺭﮔﺎﻧﻰ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧــﻰ ﮔﺮﻓﺘــﻪ ﺗﺎ ﻓﺮﺍﻫــﻢ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﻛﺎﻻﻯ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺯﻯ‪ ،‬ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺸﺪﻳﺪ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺭﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨــﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺍﻣﻴﺪﻭﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﻣﺮﻛــﺰﻯ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻈــﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ؛ ﺩﺭ ﺣــﻮﺯﻩ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﺎﻟــﻰ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺣــﻮﺯﻩ ﺍﺭﺯﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨــﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪﻫــﺎﻯ ﺍﺻﻠــﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ؛‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﺳــﺘﺎ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺮﺥ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﺮﺥ ﺳــﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﻻ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﺩﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺍ ﻧﻤﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺮﺥ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﻨــﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺘﻰ؛ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻗﺒﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﭙﺮﺩﺍﺯﻧﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻓﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﮔﻔﺘﻦ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺧﻮﺍﺳــﺘﻪ ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﮔﻮﻳــﺎ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻠﻰ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧــﺖ ﻭﺍﻡ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺮﺥ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺑﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﻳﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺣــﻮﺯﻩ ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺮﺥﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﭘﺎﻳﻴــﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ؛ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﻭ ﻗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻨﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺣﺎﻛﻢ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪﻧﻈﺮ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺷﻔﺎﻓﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﻻﺯﻡ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺁﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺸــﺨﺺ ﺷــﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻛــﻪ ﺁﻳﺎ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﻣﻨﺎﺑــﻊ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﻤــﻚ ﻧﻤﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻪﺍﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻻﺯﻡ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻋﻄﺎﻯ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺷﻔﺎﻑﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﭼﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻄﻰ ﺣﺎﻛﻢ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻚ ﺩﺭﻙ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻥ ﺭﺍﻩﺣﻞ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﻄﻌﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷــﺎﻳﻌﻪ ﺭﻭﺍﺝ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﻭﺭﺷﻜﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺴــﺘﻨﺪ؛ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻳﻚ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﻧﺎﺑﺴﺎﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﻮﻟﻰ ﻭ ﻧﮕﺮﺍﻧﻰﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳــﭙﺮﺩﻩﮔﺬﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺷﻔﺎﻓﻴﺖ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻃﻮﺭ ﺣﺘﻢ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﺧﺒﺎﺭﻯ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨــﺎﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿــﻮﻉ؛ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻯ ﻛــﻪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ؛ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎﺗﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺍﺭﺯﻯ ﻫﺮﺍﺯﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺑﺮﻛﺴــﻰ ﭘﻮﺷــﻴﺪﻩ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ ﻛــﻪ ﺑﻼﺗﻜﻠﻴﻔﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﺸــﺨﺺ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻥ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ‪ ،‬ﻗــﺪﺭﺕ ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺳــﻠﺐ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻧﺎﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﻋﺎﺟﻠﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺟﻠﻮﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﺭﺯﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺑﻴﺮﻭﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﻚﻧﺮﺧــﻰ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﺭﺯ؛ ﺍﺯﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺛﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﺭﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ؛ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻯ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﭘﻮﻟﻰ ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﺑــﺮ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻟﺰﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﻫﻤﻴــﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖ ﺻﺒﺤﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴــﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺁﻭﺭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻭﺟــﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﺍﻗــﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﻮﺛﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻧﺸــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺸــﺨﺺ ﻫﻢ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﭼﻪ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﭘﻴﺶﻧﻴﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰﺭﺳــﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻭ ﭘﻴﺶﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺷــﻔﺎﻑ ﻭ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ؛ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﺻﺤﺒﺖ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺑﻪﮔﻮﻧﻪﺍﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻬﺮﺳــﺖ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺍﺭﺯ ﻣﺒﺎﺩﻟﻪﺍﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﺮﺥ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﺭﺯ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ؛ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰﺭﺳﺪ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﻣﺒﺎﺩﻟﻪﺍﻯ ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺗﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺘﻰ ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﻻﻯ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻰ ﻭ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﻫﺪ؛‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻳﺎﺭﺍﻧﻪ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﮔﺎﻣﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺍﻫــﻢ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺷــﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ؛ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺭﻓﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻰ ﺻﺒﺢ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺧﺒﺮ ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﺷﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫‪ 29‬ﻣﻬﺮ ‪1396‬‬ ‫ﺍﻭﻝ ﺻﻔﺮ ‪1439‬‬ ‫‪ 21‬ﺍﻛﺘﺒﺮ ‪2017‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ‪ 285‬ﭘﻴﺎﭘﻰ‪434‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﺧﻼﻕ ﺣﺮﻓﻪﺍﻯ ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪﻧﮕﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫‪www.smtnews.ir/about.html :‬‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ‪ :‬ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ ﻭ ﻣﻄﺒﻮﻋﺎﺗﻰ»‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ‪ :‬ﻧﺎﺻﺮ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﻤﻬﺮ‬ ‫«‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ‪ :‬ﻣﺴﻌﻮﺩ ﺩﻫﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﺩﺑﻴﺮ‪ :‬ﻋﺎﻃﻔﻪ ﺧﺴﺮﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪ - 82190 :‬ﻧﻤﺎﺑﺮ‪ -88713730 :‬ﭘﻴﺎﻣﻚ‪ -300082190 :‬ﭘﻴﺎﻣﮕﻴﺮ ﺻﻮﺗﻰ‪88105304 :‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺁﮔﻬﻰﻫﺎ‪ - 88722732-3 :‬ﻧﻤﺎﺑﺮﺁﮔﻬﻰ ﻫﺎ‪88109733 :‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻮﺭ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻛﻴﻦ‪ - 88722735 :‬ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‪88105309 :‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎﻥﻫﺎ‪88724211 :‬‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻰ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺧﻴﺎﺑﺎﻥ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﺎﻧﻰ‪ -‬ﻛﻮﭼﻪ ﺁﺯﺍﺩﮔﺎﻥ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪26‬‬ ‫ﻛﺪ ﭘﺴﺘﻰ ‪1586733811‬‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‪pr@smtnews.ir:‬‬ ‫ﺁﮔﻬﻰ‪ads@smtnews.ir :‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥﻫﺎ‪ostanha@smtnews.ir :‬‬ ‫ﭼﺎﭘﺨﺎﻧﻪ‪ :‬ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﭼﺎپ ﺭﻭﺍﻕ ﺭﻭﺷﻦﻣﻬﺮ‬ ‫‪www.tejaratdaily.com‬‬ ‫‪www.tejaratdaily.com/about.html‬‬ ‫‪http://telegram.me/tejaratdaily‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ‪ 53‬ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ‪8‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻰ ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ‪1‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ‪ 290‬ﺭﻭﺯﻧـﺎﻣـﻪ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ‪39‬‬ ‫ﻋﻀﻮ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﻴﺮﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻀﻮ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻀﻮ ﺗﻌﺎﻭﻧﻰ ﻣﻄﺒﻮﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺗﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫‪ 5‬ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺍﺳــﭙﺎﻧﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﭼﻴــﻦ‪ ،‬ﺁﻟﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻋــﺮﺍﻕ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺮﻟﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴــﺐ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺗﺎﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﻌــﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠــﺎﺭﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺍﻳﺴــﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﻭ ﺑﻪﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﺟﺎﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ‪ 25‬ﺩﻯ ‪ 1394‬ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﻭ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰﻫﺎ ﻣﻌﻄﻮﻑ ﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎ ﺷﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﭘﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺍﺑــﻂ ﻧﺎﺑﺴــﺎﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﺟﺎﻡ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻧﻬــﻢ ﻭ ﺩﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴــﺰﺍﻥ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻓﻠﺴــﻔﻪ ﺑﺮﺩ‪ -‬ﺑــﺮﺩ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎ ﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺯﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺍﺳــﭙﺎﻧﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﭼﻴــﻦ‪ ،‬ﺁﻟﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻋﺮﺍﻕ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺮﻟﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ‪ 5‬ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻧﺨﺴــﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻟﺤــﺎﻅ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌــﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰﻫــﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺗﺎﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺸــﺎﻥﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎﻳﻰﻫــﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫــﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻓﻐﺎﻧﺴــﺘﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﭼﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣــﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺁﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ‪ 5‬ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻧﺨﺴــﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻟﺤــﺎﻅ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌــﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺗﺪﺑﻴﺮ ﻭ ﺍﻣﻴﺪ ﺗﺎﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺧﺎﻃﺮﻧﺸﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺤﺼــﻮﻻﺕ ﭘﻠﻴﻤﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺰﺍﺕ ﻭ ﻣﺼﻨﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﭼﻮﺑــﻰ‪ ،‬ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻣﺤﺮﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﺳــﺘﺨﺮﺍﺝ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ‪ 5‬ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻧﺨﺴــﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﭘﺬﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻧﺨﺴــﺖ ﺣﺴﻦ ﺭﻭﺣﺎﻧﻰ ﺗﺎﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﭘﻠﻴﻤﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺰﺍﺕ ﻭ ﻣﺼﻨﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﭼﻮﺑﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﺷﻴﻦﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺁﻥ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﻛﺎﻧﻰ ﻏﻴﺮﻓﻠﺰﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﭘﺬﻳﺮﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺗﺎﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﺩﺍﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻞ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ ﺟﺎﺩﻩ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ -‬ﺷﻤﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺬﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺡ‪ :‬ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻴﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭ ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻳﻰ ﺭﻳﻴﺲﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﻛﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ »ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺘﻲ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ«‬ ‫ﻋﻜﺲ‪ :‬ﻣﻬﺪﻯ ﻛﺎﻭﻩﺍﻯ‬ ‫»ﺗﻮﺳـﻌﻪ ﺻـﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘـﻲ‬ ‫ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫‪ lastpage@tejaratdaily.com‬ﻣﺴـﺘﻠﺰﻡ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺳﻴﺎﺳـﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﺟـﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺑـﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺴـﺎﻳﮕﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻛﺸـﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻭﺭﻣﻴﺎﻧﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺳـﺎﻳﺮ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﺳـﻮ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻣﻮﺍﻓﻘﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻞ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ ﺟﺎﻧﺒـﻪ ﻭ ﭼﻨـﺪ ﺟﺎﻧﺒـﻪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﭘﻴﻮﺳـﺘﻦ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺳـﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﺠـﺎﺭﺕ ﺟﻬﺎﻧـﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻫـﺪﻑ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴـﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺭﻓﺘـﺎﺭ ﺗﺒﻌﻴﺾﺁﻣﻴـﺰ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗـﻲ ﻣﺎ ﻭ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨـﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻲ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪ «.‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﻣﺤﺴـﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺮﺍﻣـﻰ ﺍﺭﺽﺍﻗـﺪﺱ‪ ،‬ﻣﺸـﺎﻭﺭ ﻣﻌـﺎﻭﻥ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻳـﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻴﺲﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﻛﻤﻴﺴﻴﻮﻥ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻞ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳـﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﺗﺎﻕ ﺑﺎﺯﺭﮔﺎﻧﻰ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻫﺮﭼﻪ ﺳـﺮﻳﻊﺗﺮ ﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻲ ﻭ ﺗﻚ ﻧﺮﺧﻲ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﻳﺎ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﺁﻥ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺑـﺎ ﺗﻔﺎﺿﻞ ﺗﻮﺭﻡ ﺩﺍﺧﻠـﻲ ﻭ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﺸـﺎﻭﺭ ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻳـﻰ ﺭﻳﻴﺲﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ‬ ‫ﺭﺳـﻴﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﺟﺒﺮﺍﻥ ﻋﻘﺐﻣﺎﻧﺪﮔﻲﻫﺎﻯ ﺳـﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷـﺘﻪ؛‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺗﻮﺳـﻌﻪ ﺻـﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢﻫـﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺑﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﺨـﺎﺫ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ »ﺑﺴـﺘﻪ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺘﻲ« ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺍﺯﺳـﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺭﻳﻴﺲﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭ ﻛﻪ ﺷـﺨﺼﺎ ﭘﻴﮕﻴﺮ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺻـﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻲ ﻫﺴـﺘﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻫـﺎﻱ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻳﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺑﻼﻍ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪﺳـﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺭﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺟﺒﺮﺍﻥ ﻋﻘﺐﻣﺎﻧﺪﮔﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬ﺁﻧﭽﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﻧﻴﺪ ﻧﻈﺮﺍﺕ ﻣﺤﺴـﻦ ﺑﻬﺮﺍﻣﻰ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﻧـﻖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻲﺭﺳﺪ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﻓﺮﺍﻣﺮﺯﻱ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫‪ 95‬ﺑﺎ ﺳــﺎﻝﻫﺎﻱ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻭ ﺑﻌــﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﻛﻤﻲ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﻛﻴﻔﻲ ﺣﺎﻛﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺴــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﻳﻜﺴﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﺜﻨﺎﻳﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻋﻤﺪﻩﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺛﻤﺮ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻥ ﺑﺨﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺑﺮﺟﺎﻡ ﻭ ﻟﻐــﻮ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﻇﺎﻟﻤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭ ﻧﺎﺟﻮﺍﻧﻤﺮﺩﺍﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﺟﺎﻡ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ 250‬ﻫﻴﺎﺕ ﺑﻠﻨﺪﭘﺎﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﻲـ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻜﺴﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥﻫﺮﺍﺳــﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥﺩﻭﺳﺘﻲ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﻓﻘﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻱ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻱ ﻣﺒﺎﺩﻟﻪ ﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﻟﻐﻮ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢﻫﺎ ﻧﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪﻫﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠــﻒ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘــﻞ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻤﻪ‪ ،‬ﻧﻘــﻞ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺍﺭﺯ‬ ‫ﻭ‪ ...‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﻃــﺮﻑ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟــﻲ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻓﺮﺍﻫــﻢ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪95‬‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ‪ 38‬ﺩﺭﺻــﺪﻱ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻛﺎﻻﻫــﺎﻱ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴــﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 94‬ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺷﺪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺯ ‪ 44‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺩﻻﺭ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻚ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺮﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ‪ 246‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺩﻻﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ ‪43‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﻭ ‪ 648‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺩﻻﺭ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﭘﻴﺸﻲ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﮔﺮﭼﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺎﺳﻔﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻗﻼﻡ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻲ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﻣﻴﻌﺎﻧــﺎﺕ ﮔﺎﺯﻱ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﻏﻦﻫــﺎﻱ ﺳــﺒﻚ ﻭ ﺳــﺎﻳﺮ ﮔﺎﺯﻫﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﻃﺒﻴﻌــﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﻤــﻮﻉ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒــﻲ‪ 12‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺩﻻﺭ‬ ‫ﺷــﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻲﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺩﻻﻳﻞ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺣﺠﻢ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻲ ﺩﺭ ‪5‬ﻣﺎﻩ ﻧﺨﺴﺖ ﺳﺎﻝ ﺟﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﻣﺪﺕ ﻣﺸــﺎﺑﻪ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﺭﺍ ﻣﻲﺗــﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺟﺴــﺘﺠﻮ ﻛﺮﺩ ﺩﺭ ‪ 5‬ﻣﺎﻩ ﻧﺨﺴــﺖ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﺟﺎﺭﻱ »ﻣﻴﻌﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﮔﺎﺯﻱ« ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﺨﺴــﺘﻴﻦ ﻗﻠﻢ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻲ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﻣﺸــﺎﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻝ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ‬ ‫‪ 5/39‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻱ ﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻬﻢ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﺪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻲ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺍﺭﺯﺷﻲ ﻛﻞ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﭘﺘﺮﻭﺷﻴﻤﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ‪ 4‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻱ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﻛﻤﺎﻝ ﺗﺎﺳﻒ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻗﻼﻡ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻲ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﭘﺴﺘﻪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺯﻋﻔﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺒﺪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻲ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ‪ 5‬ﻣﺎﻩ ﻧﺨﺴﺖ ﺍﻣﺴﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻧﺰﺩﻳــﻚ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻔﺮ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺩﻻﻳﻞ ﺩﻳﮕــﺮ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﻲ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻄﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺗﻼﺵ ﺳﺘﻮﺩﻧﻲ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻬﺎﺭ ﺗﻮﺭﻡ )ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﺭﺳــﻤﻲ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻱ ﺗﻮﺭﻡ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﺣﺪﻭﺩ‬ ‫‪ 10‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ( ﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻲ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺘﻮﺳــﻂ ﺗﻮﺭﻡ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺩﻻﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﻴﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻋﻤﻞ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖﭘﺬﻳﺮﻱ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻱ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻲ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫــﺎﻱ ﺟﻬﺎﻧــﻲ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻫﺮﭼﻪ‬ ‫ﺳــﺮﻳﻊﺗﺮ ﻭﻋــﺪﻩ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻲ ﻭ ﺗﻚ ﻧﺮﺧﻲ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﺍﺭﺯ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﺁﻥ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺑــﺎ ﺗﻔﺎﺿﻞ ﺗﻮﺭﻡ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﻭ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣــﺎ ﺑــﺮﺍﻱ ﻋﺒــﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻛﻮﺭﺩﻫﺎﻱ ﻓﻌﻠــﻲ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﺟﻬﺶ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻲ ﭼﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ؟‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻲ ﻣﺴﺘﻠﺰﻡ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﻧﺨﺴــﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻤﺴــﺎﻳﮕﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘــﻪ ﺧﺎﻭﺭﻣﻴﺎﻧــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺳــﺎﻳﺮ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﺳﻮ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻣﻮﺍﻓﻘﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻞ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ ﻭ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﭘﻴﻮﺳــﺘﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺒﻌﻴﺾﺁﻣﻴﺰ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻲ ﻣﺎ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻲ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺘﺎﺳﻔﺎﻧﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺑﻪﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻋﻀﻮﻳﺖ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﺠــﺎﺭﺕ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻘــﺮﺭﺍﺕ ﺗﻌﺮﻓﻪﺍﻱ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮﺗﻌﺮﻓــﻪﺍﻱ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨــﻲ ﻭ ‪ ...‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﻣــﻞ ﺗﺒﻌﻴﺾﺁﻣﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻗﺒﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﻛﺎﻻﻱ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻏﻴﺎﺏ ﺗﺒﻠﻴﻐﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠــﻲ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻳﺎﺑــﻲ ﺿﻌﻴﻒ‪ ،‬ﺗــﻼﺵ ﻛﻢﺍﺛﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪﮔﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻳﺰﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺯﺭﮔﺎﻧﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﻫﺪﻑ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺳﺨﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺷﻮﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻱ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺳــﺎﻟﻪ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﺳــﺎﻡﺁﻭﺭ ﺗﺎﻣﻴــﻦ ﻧﻘﺪﻳﻨﮕﻲ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺭﻡ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻫــﺎﻱ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ﺯﻳﺮﺳــﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﺒﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺳــﺮﺩﺧﺎﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺴﺘﻪﺑﻨﺪﻱ‪ ،‬ﺑﻨﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻭ ﮔﻤــﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻲ ﻫﻤﻪ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻪ‪ ،‬ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻲ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻲ ﺭﺍ ﻫﺮ ﺳﺎﻝ ﺳﺨﺖﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﻝ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻥ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻋﻤﺪﻩﺍﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻴﻌﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﮔﺎﺯﻱ ﻭ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﭘﺘﺮﻭﺷــﻴﻤﻲ)ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪50‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺻﺪ( ﺗﺸــﻜﻴﻞ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑــﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻳﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﻔــﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻗﻼﻡ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺳــﺘﺨﻮﺵ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻮﻝ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺮﺍﺯ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺟﺪﻱ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﺳــﺘﻮﺭﻱ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪﻋﻨــﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺶ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻳﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳــﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟــﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻣﺮ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘــﻲ ﻛــﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺻــﻮﻝ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺘــﻲ‬ ‫)ﺑﺮﻭﻥﮔﺮﺍﻳــﻲ( ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻜﺎﻟﻴــﻒ ﺍﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﻭ ﻗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻻﺩﺳــﺘﻲ‬ ‫)ﺳﻨﺪﭼﺸــﻢﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺷﺸﻢ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﻭ‪ ( ...‬ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ‬ ‫ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻥ ﺑــﻪ ﺍﻫــﺪﺍﻑ ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨــﻲ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﻣﺼــﻮﺏ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ‪ 50‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﻻﺭﻯ ﺑــﺮﺍﻱ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﻓﻘــﻂ‪ 44‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴــﺎﺭﺩ ﺩﻻﺭ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻣﺴــﺎﻝ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ‪ 25‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻱ ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺟﺒﺮﺍﻥ ﻋﻘﺐﻣﺎﻧﺪﮔﻲ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺗﻮﻓﻴــﻖ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺤﻘــﻖ ﻫــﺪﻑ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﺟــﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮﻭﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢﻫــﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺑﻲ ﺍﺗﺨــﺎﺫ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﺴــﺘﻪ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺘﻲ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺍﺯﺳــﻮﻯ ﻣﻌــﺎﻭﻥ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺭﻳﻴﺲﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺷــﺨﺼﺎ ﭘﻴﮕﻴﺮ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻲ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻳﻲ ﺍﺑﻼﻍ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪﺳــﺎﺯ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﺟﺒــﺮﺍﻥ ﻋﻘﺐﻣﺎﻧﺪﮔﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣــﻮﺍﺭﺩﻱ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﻧﺤــﻮﻩ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻧﻘﺪﻳﻨﮕــﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻞ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﻣﻠــﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺑﺎﻧﻜــﻲ ﻭ ﺭﺩﻳﻒﻫﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩﺟﻪ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺸــﻮﻕﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﺑﺨﺸﻲ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﻭ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻــﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻫﺪﻑ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎﻣﻴــﻦ ‪ 50‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭﻱ ﺧﻄﻮﻁ ﻣﻨﻈﻢ ﺭﻳﻠــﻲ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﻭ ﻫﻮﺍﻳﻲ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺸــﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﺩ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻲ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨــﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻛﺎﻻ ﻭ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﻩﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻱ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﺑﺨﺸﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﺛﺒﺖ ﻧﺸــﺎﻥ)ﺑﺮﻧﺪ( ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻫﺪﻑ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﺑﺨﺸﻲ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫــﺎﻱ ﺗﺒﻠﻴﻐﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻳﺎﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻃﻼﻉﺭﺳــﺎﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﺟﺎﻳﺰﻩ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻲ‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﻨﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳــﻲ‪ ،‬ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻲ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭﻱ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﻣﻮﻗﺖ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﺍﺕ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻲ‪ ،‬ﺗﺴﺮﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺩﺍﺩ ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻱ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻲ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺻــﺪﻭﺭ ﺭﻭﺍﺩﻳــﺪ ﺗﺠــﺎﺭﻱ ﺑــﺮﺍﻱ ﺧﺮﻳﺪﺍﺭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻛــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺑﻼﻏﻴﻪ ﻣﻌــﺎﻭﻥ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺭﻳﻴﺲﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭ ﻭﺟــﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺎﻧﭽﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺳــﺮﻋﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻭ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻳﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻀﺎﻱ ﻛﺴــﺐ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳﺰﻱ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺑﺴــﺘﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺗﺸــﻮﻳﻖ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳــﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺎﻟﻲ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻲ ) ﺟﺬﺏ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺷــﺮﻛﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻲ(‪ ،‬ﺣﻞ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻲ ﻭ ﻋﺎﺩﻱﺳــﺎﺯﻱ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺭﻳﺴﻚ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﺒﺎﺩﻻﺕ ﺍﺭﺯﻱ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻲ )‪،LC‬‬ ‫ﻳﻮﺯﺍﻧﺲ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻳﻨﺎﻧﺲ ﻭ‪ ( ...‬ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺎﺕ ﺟﻬﺶ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻲ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﺴﺘﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺩﺭ ﭼﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻲ ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻧﮕﺎﻫﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﺮﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺁﻳﻴﻦﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ ﺣﺎﻛﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺍﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﺑﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺳﻨﺎﺩ ﺑﺎﻻﺩﺳﺘﻲ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻲ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻡ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺸــﻮﺭﺕ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻲ‪ ،‬ﺷﻮﺭﺍﻱ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮﻱ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﻗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻦ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺮﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺿﻌﻒ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺕ ﻭ ﺭﺻﺪ ﻧﺸــﺪﻥ ﻭ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﺴــﺘﻤﺮ‪ ،‬ﺍﻏﻠﺐ ﻛﻢ ﺍﺛﺮ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻦ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺮﺭﺍﺕ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ ﺩﺳﺘﺨﻮﺵ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﻠﻴﻘﻪﺍﻱ ﻭ ﺷﺨﺼﻲ ﻭ ﻣﺤﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﺰﺍﻉ ﻭ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﻓﺮﺍﻓﻜﻨﻲ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻫﺮ ﻧﻬﺎﺩ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻱ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻘﺼﺮ ﻧﺎﻛﺎﻣﻲ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻴﻜﻪ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻲ ﻭ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻭﺍﺑﺴﺘﮕﻲ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﺮﻭﻥﺭﻓﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻠﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻲ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺒﻊ‪ :‬ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺁﻧﻼﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺑﻴﻜﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺁﻥ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻧﺎﻫﻨﺠﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‪ ،‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺑﻪ »ﺑــﺎﻭﺭ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ« ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﻪ ﺁﺣﺎﺩ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺍﻋﻢ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻲ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻓﺮﻳﻨﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻــﻲ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨــﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺣﺘﻲ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﻓﻜﺮ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﺎﺷــﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﻗﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﻭ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻮﻝ ﻫﺮ ﺯﺣﻤﺘﻲ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻣﺮﻏﻮﺏ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻲ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫــﺎﻱ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺘﺨﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﺑﻠﻨﺪﻱ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻭ ﻣﻠﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﻳﻢ‪ .‬ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﻁ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻣﺪﻱ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﻘﺮﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩ ﻭ ﺑــﺎﻭﺭ ﻗﻠﺒﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻡ ﻋﻤﻠﻲ ﺑــﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺱﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺗﻼﺵ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﻣــﺎ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫــﺎﻱ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳــﺶ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩﻣﺪﺕ ﭼﻴﺴــﺖ؟ ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮﺭ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﺳــﺦ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺸــﻴﻦ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷــﺪ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻪﻋﻨــﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻜــﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺘﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺸﺒﺮﺩ ﺑﺮﻭﻧﮕﺮﺍﻳﻲ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺻﻠﻲﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﻫﺒﺮﺩﻫﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﮋﻱ ﺑﻠﻨﺪﻣﺪﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺣﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻘﻄﻌﻲ ﺍﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩﻣﺪﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﺛﺮﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺗﺪﺍﻭﻡ ﺁﻥ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‪ ،‬ﺭﺻﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﺴــﺘﻤﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﻭ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﻗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻦ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺮﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﺰﺍﺣﻢ ﻭ ﻣﺨﻞ ﻛﺴــﺐ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﻘــﺮﺭﺍﺕ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﻛﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻟﻴــﺎﺕ ﻭ‪ ...‬ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﻘــﺎﻝ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﻓﻨﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﺎﺯﺳــﺎﺯﻱ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﺯﻱ‬ ‫ﺧﻄــﻮﻁ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳــﺶ ﻇﺮﻓﻴــﺖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻣﺰﻳــﺖ ﻧﺴــﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻗﻌــﻲ ﻭ ﺗــﻚ ﻧﺮﺧﻲ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﺍﺭﺯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﺭﺯﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺴــﺎﺩ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻟﻐﻮ ﺍﻧﺤﺼﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯﻫــﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺧﺼﻮﻟﺘﻲﻫــﺎ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭﻱ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠــﻒ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻲ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﻜﺎﺭﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻋﻈﻴﻢ ﻣﺎﺩﻱ ﻭ ﻣﻌﻨﻮﻱ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﺍﺳــﺮ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﻭ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻪﻋﻨــﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋــﻪﺍﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﻫﺒﺮﺩﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺭﺷــﺪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺁﻥ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺍﺳــﺖ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﻲ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺣﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫــﺎﻱ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗــﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﺗﺐ ﻣﺸــﻜﻞ ﺗــﺮﺍﺯ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻮﻉ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻗﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻲ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺘﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ)ﺑﺮﻧﺪ(ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﺮﻳﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻠﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻓﻖ ﻓﻮﺭﻱ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻋﺮﺍﻕ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﺎﺯﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﺁﻥ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩﻣــﺪﺕ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﺎﻭﺭﺯﻱ ﻭ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻨﻲ ﺭﺍ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﻳﺪ ﭼﻘﺪﺭ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻬﺶ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻲ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺭﻭ ﺧﻮﺷﺒﻴﻦ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺷﺒﺨﺘﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺳﺘﺎﺩ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻲ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻠﻲ ﭘﻴﺸﺒﺮﺩ ﺑﺮﻭﻥﮔﺮﺍﻳﻲ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺒﻪ ﺟﺪﻱ ﺭﻫﺒﺮ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻻﻥ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴــﺮ ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺯﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﻌــﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠــﺎﺭﺕ ﻭ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻱ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪ ﺩﻫﻪ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﺳــﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻱ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻚ ﺑــﺎ ﻳﻜﺪﻳﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻳﺪﮔﺎﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﻫﻢ ﺁﺷــﻨﺎ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻲ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﻛﺎﻣــﻞ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎﻻ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩﺳــﺎﺯﻱ ﺳــﺎﻳﺮ ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻳﻲ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻫﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﺭﺯﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺴــﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳﺰﻱ ﻭ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥﻣــﺪﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩ ﺟﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﻭ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺕ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻣﺴــﺘﻤﺮ ﻓﻀﺎﻱ ﻛﺴــﺐ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻫــﺮ ﺩﻭ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺼﺪﻱ ﻣﺴــﺌﻮﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﺷــﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﻴــﺪ ﻣﻲﺭﻭﺩ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺍﻳﺸــﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﻭ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩﺳــﺎﺯﻱ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻻﻥ ﺑﻪﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻱ ﺗﺪﺍﻭﻡ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﻛﺎﻫﺸــﻲ ﺗﻮﺭﻡ‪ ،‬ﺭﺷــﺪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺍﻣﻴﺪ ﺁﻥﺭﻭﺯ‬

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