روزنامه گسترش صنعت شماره 111

‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺑﻴﺴﺖ ﻭ ﻧﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺎﭘﻰ ‪2084‬‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪111‬‬ ‫‪http://telegram.me/sanatnewspaper‬‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻧﻤﻰﺭﺳﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺎﺭﻳﻮﻯ ﻧﺦﻧﻤﺎﻯ ﺍﺷﺮﺍﻓﻴﺖ ﺯﺩﺍﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺪﻳﺪﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﻨﺠﺎﻝﺑﺮﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺭﻳﺎﺳــﺖﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻯ ﺗﻘﺴــﻴﻢﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ‪ 96‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻴﺮ ﻭ ‪ 4‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺛﺮﻭﺗﻤﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺎﻣﺰﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺒﻠﻴﻐﺎﺗﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪﺑﺎﻗﺮ ﻗﺎﻟﻴﺒﺎﻑ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﻠﻮﻳﺰﻳﻮﻧﻰ ﺗﺒﻠﻴﻐﺎﺗﻰ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻣﺪﻋﻰ ﺷــﺪ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳــﺖ ‪ 4‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ‪ 96‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻣﺎﺑﻘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮ ﻣﻰﺑﺮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺩﻋﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻇﺮﻩ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺗﻰ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﺩﺍﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻻﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﺩﻋﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﻮﻩ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺩ ﻧﻘﺪ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫ﻧﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻫﻮﺷﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪www.sanatnewspaper.com‬‬ ‫ﭘﻨﺠﺸﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻧﻤﻰﺭﺳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺖ ﺑﺎﻻﻯ ‪ 65‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 70‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺻ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰ‬ ‫ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺍﻳﺴــﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪﺭﺿﺎ ﻧﻌﻤﺖ ﺯﺍﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﺷــﻴﻪ ﺟﻠﺴــﻪ ﺩﻳﺮﻭﺯﻫﻴﺎﺕ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻃﺮ ﺩﺍﺭﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 92‬ﻛﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺪﺭﻛﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺪﺭﻛﺎﺭ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺑﻮﺩﻳﻢ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺘﺎﺩ ﺁﻗﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺣﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﺸﻐﻮﻝ ﺑﻮﺩﻳﻢ‪ ،‬ﻋﺪﻩﺍﻯ ﮔﻤﺎﻧﻪ ﺯﻧﻰ ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻣﻰﺭﺳﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﻣﻰﺩﺍﻧﺴــﺘﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻭﻝ ﭘﻴﺮﻭﺯ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺴﺎﻝ ﻫﻢ ﻫﻤﻴﻨﻄﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻋﺪﻩﺍﻯ ﮔﻤﺎﻧﻪ ﺯﻧﻰ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻣﻰﺭﺳﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺁﺳﺘﺎﻧﻪﻣﻨﺎﻇﺮﻩﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯﻧﺎﻣﺰﺩﻫﺎﻯﺭﻳﺎﺳﺖﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻯﻣﻄﺮﺡﺷﺪ‬ ‫‪ 4‬ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺖ‪ 1000 :‬ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫‪ 21‬ﺍﺭﺩﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ ‪1396‬‬ ‫‪ 14‬ﺷﻌﺒﺎﻥ ‪1438‬‬ ‫‪ 11‬ﻣﻪ ‪2017‬‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺎﺯﻩ ﻧﺪﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺑﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﺸﻤﻜﺶﻫﺎ ﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟــﺖ ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻫــﻢ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭ ﺧــﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺁﻏــﺎﺯ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻰ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺬﺍﻛﺮﺍﺕ ﻫﺴــﺘﻪﺍﻯ ﻭ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﺧﻴﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻟﻐﻮ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺭﻭﺑﺮﻭ ﺷﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺖﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴــﺖ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﺑﺤــﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺭﻭ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ ﻧﺠﺎﺕ ﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﻮﺳﺴــﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠــﻰ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﭼﺸــﻢﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﭼﺸــﻢﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯ ﺑﺤﺮﺍﻧﻰ ‪4‬ﺳــﺎﻝ ﭘﻴﺶ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﻜﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴﺖ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﺑﺤﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﻧﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻧﻤﻰﺭﺳﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻭ ﮔﻤﺎﻧﻪ ﺯﻧﻰﻫﺎ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺗﺪﺑﻴﺮ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺖ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﻣﺎ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻣﻴﺪﻭﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﺤﻨﻪ ﺑﻴﺎﻳﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﻫﺒﺮ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﺍﻧﻘــﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﺧﻮﺩ ﺁﻗﺎﻯ ﺭﻳﻴﺲﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺎﻥ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺑﺮ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺕ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﻭ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﺍﻯ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺯﻳــﺮ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌــﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠــﺎﺭﺕ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﮔﻔﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻀﻰﻫﺎ ﺍﺳــﺘﺪﻻﻝ ﻣﻰﺁﻭﺭﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺭﻳﺎﺳــﺖﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻯ ‪2‬‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭﻩﺍﻯ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ ﭘﺲ ﻻﺯﻡ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ‪ 4‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﺩﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺭﻳﺎﺳﺖﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻯ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﻣﻦ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﻛــﻪ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺩﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻫﻢ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻧﻪ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺍﻣﻴﺪﻭﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﺑﺎﻻﻯ ‪ 65‬ﺗﺎ ‪70‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺖ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺗﻰ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﻼﺵ ﻧﻜﻨﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺍﻣﻮﺵ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳــﻊ ﺑــﻪ ﻟﺤــﺎﻅ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺗﻰ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪2 ...‬‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺍﻯ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫ﺑﺒﻴﻨﻴﻢ ﭼﻪ ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ ﺑﺪﺍﻧﻴﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺠﺎ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﻳﻢ‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺖﻭ ﮔﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺗﻌﺮﻓﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﺑﻪﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌــﺖ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳــﻊ ﻣﻐﻔﻮﻝ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺧﺒﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺿﺪﻭﻧﻘﻀﻰ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺁﻥ ﺷــﻨﻴﺪﻩ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻟﻰﻛــﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﻄﻴﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﺩﻋﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺟﻮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻣﻰﺩﺍﻧﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺘــﻰ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺁﺷــﻨﺎﻳﻰ ﺑــﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﺍﺕ ﺑﻮﻣــﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﭼﺮﺍ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ؟ ﺩﺭﺍﻳﻦﺑﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮﻳﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﺤﺴﻦ ﺻﺎﺩﻕﺯﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻴﺸﻜﺴﻮﺗﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ ﮔﻼﻳﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻰﺗﻮﺟﻬﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﻧﻴﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫ﭘﻨﺠﺸﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ‬ ‫‪ 21‬ﺍﺭﺩﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ ‪ 14 1396‬ﺷﻌﺒﺎﻥ ‪ 11 1438‬ﻣﻪ ‪ 2017‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 111‬ﭘﻴﺎﭘﻰ ‪2084‬‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻼﺵ ﻧﻜﻨﻴﻢ ﻓﺮﺍﻣﻮﺵ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳــﻊ ﺑــﻪ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫــﺎﻯ ﻓﻨــﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺎﻩﻫــﺎﻯ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺗــﻰ ﻗــﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﻧــﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺎﻫﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﺠﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻠﻢ ﻭ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺵ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻗﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻫﻤــﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺗﻤﺮﺩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﻀﻮ ﺳﻨﺪﻳﻜﺎﻯ ﺑﺮﻕ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﺮﻕ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺯﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻫﺎﻯﺗﻜﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻣﺤﺼــﻮﻻﺕ ﺁﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺩﻧﻴﺎﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﺳــﺮﻋﺖ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦﺭﻭ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺑﺨﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺩﺭ ﻋﺮﺻﻪ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻧﻴــﺰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨــﺎﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻌﻰ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﺁﻯﺗﻰ‪ ،‬ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ ﻣﺨﺎﺑﺮﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﻋﻘﺐ ﺑﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﭼﺮﺍﻛــﻪ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻫﻤﮕﺎﻡ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺭﻭﺯ ﭘﻴﺶ‬ ‫ﻧﺮﻭﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﺍﻣﻮﺷﻰ ﺳﭙﺮﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻳﺎ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷــﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﺎﻥ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻠﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻓﻨــﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺭﻭﺯ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﭘﺮﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺗﻠﻘﻰ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﻧــﺪ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﻭﻧﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺷــﺒﺨﺘﺎﻧﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﺮﻕ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺟﺰﻭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺎ‬ ‫‪99‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺩﻛﻔﺎﻳﻰ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻜﻴﻪ ﺑﺮ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺑﺎ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎﻳﻰ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﻰﺷﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻜﻴﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻰ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴﺘﻪﺍﻳﻢ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺑﻮﻣﻰﺳﺎﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻳﻢ‪ .‬ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻫﺮﭼﻪ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﭘﻴﺶ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺩ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻯ ﺑﺮ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻰ ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻭ ﻫﻢ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻟﺰﺍﻳﻰ ﺑﺮﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺟﻮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻧﺨﺒﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻋﺮﺻﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻛﻢ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﻳﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺟﻬﺎﺕ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻴــﻢ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺑﺎ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﻧﺶﺑﻨﻴﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻋﺮﺻﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻨﺪﻳﻜﺎﻯ ﺑﺮﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻰ ﺩﺍﻧﺶﺑﻨﻴﺎﻥ ﺷــﻜﻞ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻫﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻧﺖ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ ﻭ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺭﻳﺎﺳــﺖﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻯ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺘﻰ ﻣﻮﺛﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﻧﺶﺑﻨﻴﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﻫﻤﮕﺎﻡ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺍﻧﺶﺑﻨﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻭ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﺳﺖ؛ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫــﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠــﻰ ﺗﻘﺶ ﻣﻮﺛﺮﻯ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﺩﺍﺷــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﺮﻕ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻭ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺁﻥ ﻓﺮﺍﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺯﻫﺎﺳﺖ ﻫﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻗﺪﻣﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﻧﺶﺑﻨﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻴﺶ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺟﺎﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﮕﻮﻳﻴﻢ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﻭ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻦ ‪ 10‬ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺗﺮ ﺩﻧﻴﺎﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯﻩ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﻴﺪ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﻴﻢ ﻗﺪﻡﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺛﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺑﺴﺘﺮﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻭ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ‪ 4‬ﻭ ‪96‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺧﻄﺮﻧﺎﻙ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺷــﻌﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻧــﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻀــﺎﻯ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻨﻜــﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ‪ ،‬ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺑــﻪ ‪ 4‬ﻭ ‪96‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺗﻘﺴــﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺧﻄﺮﻧﺎﻙ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﺎﻥ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﻣﻨﺪ ﻫﺮﮔﺰ ﺩﺭﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺪﺣﻤﻴﺪ ﺣﺴﻴﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ؛ ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻫﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻀﻮ ﻫﻴﺎﺕ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺍﺗﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﺷــﻌﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺳــﺎﺯﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺭﮔﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ ﻛــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺍﻳﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ ﺧﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﻳﻚ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﭼﻘﺪﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷــﻌﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺤﺜﻰ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻳﻘﻴﻦ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺣﺎﺋﺰ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﺰﺩﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺍﻣــﺎ ﺩﺭﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺍﻯ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺴــﺎﺋﻞ ﻭ ﺷــﻌﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﺰﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻧﻤﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﻘﺴــﻴﻢﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ‪ 4‬ﻭ ‪ 96‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺧﻄﺮﻧﺎﻛﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻗﺸﺮ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﻋﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﺪﻳﺸﻪ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﺎﺯﺭﮔﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ‪4 ...‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‬ ‫ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻫﺮﮔﺰ ﺩﺭﺳﺖ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﻭ ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ ﺩﺭﺳﺘﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻓﺮﻳﻦ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺷــﻐﻞ ﻭ ﺗﺤﺮﻙ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻧﺸــﺎﻁ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺸــﺮ ﻛﺎﺭﻣﻨﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﻫﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﻗﻄﻊ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﺪﻩﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺒﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﺳﺎﺯﮔﺎﺭ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻓﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﻫﻢ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ ﻧﻔﺮ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺭﺍ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺩﻭﻗﻄﺒﻰ ﺗﻘﺴــﻴﻢ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻚ ﻫﻤﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺍﻗﺸــﺎﺭ ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻛﺴﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺘﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﺷﻔﺎﻑ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻫﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺳــﺎﺯﻭﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺟﺎﺯﻩ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻧﺸﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺷﻜﺎﻑ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭﻟﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺷــﻌﺎﺭﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﺜﻞ ‪ 4‬ﻭ‬ ‫‪ 96‬ﺩﺭﺻــﺪ ﻫﻴﭻ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﭼﻴﺰﻯ ﻋﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻠﺖ ﻧﺸــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻰﺭﺳﺪ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻌﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﻰ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻟﻰ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩﻫﺎ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﻳﻚ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﺠﻮ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻓﻜﺮ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻰﺳﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭﻙ ﻧﻤﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﺍﺷﺘﺒﺎﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﻭﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻙ ﻧﻤﻰﻛﻨﻨــﺪ ﻭ ﻓﻜﺮ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺷــﻌﺎﺭ ﺭﻭﺯﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻣﺴــﺎﺋﻞ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﺣﺘﻢ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪) .‬ﺍﻳﺴﻨﺎ(‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫‪96‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻭ ‪4‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﺩﺭﺳﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻣﻼﻙ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺁﺳﺘﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﻇﺮﻩ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﺰﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻳﺎﺳﺖ ﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻯ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺎﺭﻳﻮﻯ ﻧﺦﻧﻤﺎﻯ ﺍﺷﺮﺍﻓﻴﺖ ﺯﺩﺍﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻇﻢ ﺩﻝﺧﻮﺵﺍﺑﺎﺗﺮﻯ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢﺑﻨﺪﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﻫﻚ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﻄﻌﻴﺖ ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﻛﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺪﻣﺤﻤﺪﺣﺴﻦ ﺳﻴﺪﺯﺍﺩﻩ‬ ‫‪industry@sanatnewspaper.com‬‬ ‫ﻳﻜــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺪﻳﺪﻩﻫــﺎﻯ ﺟﻨﺠﺎﻝﺑﺮﺍﻧﮕﻴــﺰ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑــﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﺎﺳﺖﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻯ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ‪ 96‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻓﻘﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻭ ‪ 4‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺛﺮﻭﺗﻤﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺎﻣﺰﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺒﻠﻴﻐﺎﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪﺑﺎﻗﺮ ﻗﺎﻟﻴﺒﺎﻑ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﻠﻮﻳﺰﻳﻮﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﻠﻴﻐﺎﺗــﻰ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻣﺪﻋﻰ ﺷــﺪ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺖ ‪ 4‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ‪ 96‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻣﺎﺑﻘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮ ﻣﻰﺑﺮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺡ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺩﻋﺎ ﻭ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﻇﺮﻩ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺗﻰ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﺩﺍﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺴــﺌﻮﻻﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺍﺩﻋﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷــﻴﻮﻩ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔــﻮ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺩ ﻧﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨــﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻘﻴﺪﻩ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻥ ﺳــﻴﺎﻩﻧﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺼﻮﺭ ﻧﺎﺩﺭﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻫــﺮ ﺛﺮﻭﺗﻤﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻓﺮﻳﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺭﺍﻧﺖﺧﻮﺍﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﻣﻨﻔﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﭘﻴﺎﻣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻨﻔﻰ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺨﺴــﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿــﻮﻉ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﻭ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺮ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩ؛ ﻛﺴــﻰ ﻛــﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻤــﺎﻡ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﻭ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳــﻰ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺭﻳﻴــﺲ ﻛﻞ ﺑﺎﻧــﻚ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻯ ﺍﺩﻋﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺎﻣﺰﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻳﺎﺳــﺖﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻯ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻠﻮﻛﻪ ﺷﺪﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻡﻫــﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳــﺖ ‪ 4‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻣــﺮﺩﻡ ﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻰﺍﷲ ﺳــﻴﻒ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪ ﻫﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺩﻋﺎ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺩﻋﺎﻳﻰ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ ﻭ ﻧﺎﺩﺭﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑــﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﭘﺎﺳــﺦ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩﺵ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻣﻌﺠﺰﻩ ﭘﻴﺎﻣﺒﺮ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﭘﺪﻳﺪﻩ ﺗﺒﻠﻴﻐﺎﺗﻰ ﻗﺎﻟﻴﺒﺎﻑ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻄﻰ ﻣﺪﻋﻰ ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭﻯ ﻋﺪﺍﻟﺖ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺭﻳﻴﺲﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻰ ﺭﺍ ‪ 2/5‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﻭ ‪ 5‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﺷــﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻛﻨﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺍﺩﻋﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻓﺎﺿﻠــﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﺩﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻰ ﻗﺎﻟﻴﺒﺎﻑ ﺭﺍ ﭘﻴﺎﻣﺒﺮ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺍﻧﺴــﺖ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺍﻭ ﻧﻮﺷــﺖ‪» :‬ﺑﻰﺷــﻚ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺩﻋﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺷــﺪﻧﻰ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﮕﺮ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻗﺎﻟﻴﺒﺎﻑ ﭘﻴﺎﻣﺒﺮ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻣﻌﺠﺰﻩ ﻛﻨﺪ! ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺍﺩﻋﺎﻯ ﻗﺎﻟﻴﺒﺎﻑ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ‪ 4‬ﺳﺎﻟﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﺳــﺮﺍﻧﻪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﺍﻧﺴــﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴــﺲ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻧﺎﺩﺍ‪ ،‬ژﺍﭘﻦ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﻩﺟﻨﻮﺑﻰ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ «.‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﺕ ‪4‬ﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻫﺮ ﺳﺎﻝ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪26‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺭﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﺳﻠﻴﻤﻰ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻫﺮﻛﺴﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺛﺮﻭﺗﻤﻨﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺭﺍﻧﺖﺧﻮﺍﺭ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻚ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ﻛﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﺍﻭﻝ ‪643‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺩﻻﺭ‪ ،‬ﺳــﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻡ ‪811‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺩﻻﺭ‪ ،‬ﺳــﺎﻝ ﺳــﻮﻡ ‪1022‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺩﻻﺭ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ ‪1287‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺩﻻﺭ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 2/2‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺩﻋﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻣﺤﺎﻝ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺘﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪﻧﺪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﺩﻫﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﺩﭼﺎﺭ ﺁﺳﻴﺐ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺗﻰ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﺴــﻴﻢﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ‪96‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﻭ ‪4‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻯ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺟﻠﺐ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺍﻗﺸــﺎﺭ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻭ ﺿﻌﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﺍﺩﻋﺎﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺭﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻧﺎﺷــﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﻳﻚ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ‪4‬ﺳــﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺷﻜﺎﻑ ﻋﻤﻴﻘﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ﺩﻫﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺭﺥ ﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢﺑﻨﺪﻯ ‪ 9٦-4‬ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪﺣﺴــﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﻋﻀﻮ ﻫﻴﺎﺕ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺍﺗﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺭﮔﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺗﻘﺴــﻴﻢﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ‪96‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻭ ‪4‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺗﻘﺴــﻴﻢﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﺩﺭﺳــﺘﻰ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﻙ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺍﻳﻦﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ ﻛﻪ ‪96‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻘﻴﺮ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ‪4‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﻧــﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺷــﻌﺎﺭﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺎﻣﺰﺩﻫﺎ ﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺕ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﻋﺪﺍﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺳﺖ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﭘﺮﺳــﻴﺪ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﻧﺖﻫﺎ ﭼﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺴــﺎﻧﻰ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ؟ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ‪4‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺁﻣﺪﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﭼﻄــﻮﺭ ﻧﺘﻮﺍﻧﺴــﺘﻴﻢ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳــﺎﻝﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﻧﺖﻫﺎ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ؟ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ ﺟﺮﻳــﺎﻥ ﺍﺻﻼﺡﻃﻠــﺐ ﻭ ﺍﺻﻮﻝﮔﺮﺍ ﺑﺮ ﺳــﺮ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺷــﺎﻥ ﻫــﻢ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﭘﺎﺳــﺦ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﻛــﻪ ﭼﺮﺍ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫‪4‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺁﻣﺪﻧــﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﺎﻇﺮﺍﺕ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺩﻫﻨــﺪ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨــﺶ ﺩﻳﮕــﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺻﺤﺒﺖﻫﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﺍﺷــﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﭼﻨﺪﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻧﻰ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻧﺎﻣﺰﺩﻫﺎ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﻃﺒﻖ‬ ‫ﺷــﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻳﻚ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‬ ‫‪ GDP‬ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺯﺵﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ‪100‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺷﻐﻞ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﺎ ﺳﺎﻝ ﻗﺒﻞ ‪7/2‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‬ ‫ﺭﺷﺪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ ‪5/2‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺁﻥ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻔﺖ‬ ‫ﺑــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻣﺴــﺎﻝ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻔﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺮ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺳﺎﻻﻧﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ‪1/5‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﻳﺎ ‪2‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺷﻐﻞ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺩﻫﻚ‪ ،‬ﻣﻼﻙ ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻇﻢ ﺩﻝﺧﻮﺵﺍﺑﺎﺗﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺳﺨﻨﮕﻮﻯ ﻛﻤﻴﺴﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺷــﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺩﻋﺎ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ ﺗﻘﺴــﻴﻢﺑﻨﺪﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﻫﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﻄﻌﻴﺖ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﺍﻗﺸﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ ﺟﺎﻣﻌــﻪ ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﻮﻩ ﺗﻘﺴــﻴﻢﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﺷﺘﺒﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫــﺎ ﻣﻄﺮﺡﺷــﺪﻩ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧــﺪ ﺩﺭﺳــﺖ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟــﺖ ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ‪16‬ﻫــﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻮﺳــﻂ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨــﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﭼﻄﻮﺭ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ‪4‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺗﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﻨﺪ ﺩﺭﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰﻛﻪ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻬﻴﻦﻳﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻗﺎﺑﻞﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺳــﺨﻨﮕﻮﻯ ﻛﻤﻴﺴﻴﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺷــﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺑــﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻫــﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺤﺚﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﭼﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺑــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴــﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪﻯ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺲ ﺁﻧﻬــﺎ ﺑﺮﺑﻴﺎﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﻫﻨﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻧﺘﻮﺍﻧﺴﺘﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻫﻢ ﻧﻘﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺭﺳــﻤﻰ ﻭ ﻗﺎﺑﻞﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﻝﺧﻮﺵﺍﺑﺎﺗﺮﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻄﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺤﻮﻳــﻞ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺿﻊ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﺩﺍﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺘﻘﺪﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺑﺤﺚﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﻴﻮﻩﺍﻯ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺩﭼﺎﺭ ﭼﺎﻟﺶ ﻧﺸﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻫﺮ ﺛﺮﻭﺗﻤﻨﺪﻯ ﺭﺍﻧﺖﺧﻮﺍﺭ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﺳﻠﻴﻤﻰ‪ ،‬ﻋﻀﻮ ﻛﻤﻴﺴﻴﻮﻥ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺗﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺭﮔﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﻫﻴﭻ ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﻰ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺗﺎﺑﻪﺣﺎﻝ ﻫﻴﭻ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﺩﺍﻧﻰ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﺩﻋﺎﻳﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ‬ ‫ﻧﻜﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺸــﺨﺺ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺩﻋﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻛﺴﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺩﻋﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺷــﺎﺧﺼﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺩﺳــﺘﻪﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫‪96‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻭ ‪4‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﻭ ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﺛﺮﻭﺕ ﻣﺸــﺨﺺ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺳــﻠﻴﻤﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ‪80‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ‪20‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺨﺸﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳــﻦ ‪20‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻴــﺰ ﺧﺼﻮﻟﺘﻰﻫﺎ ﺗﺸــﻜﻴﻞ ﺩﺍﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺷﻜﺎﻑ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻭ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺗﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻠﻰ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺩﻋﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﻭ ﺛﺮﻭﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳــﺖ ‪4‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻓﺮﻳﻨﻰ ﻭ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﺩﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻫﺮﻛﺴﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺛﺮﻭﺗﻤﻨﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺭﺍﻧﺖﺧﻮﺍﺭ ﻭ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻚ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴــﻒ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺼﻮﻳــﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺎﻣﻌــﻪ ﭘﻴﺎﻣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻨﻔﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷــﺖ ﻭ ﺷــﻜﺎﻑ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺗﻰ ﻭ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺗﺴـﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺻﻨﺎﻳـﻊ ﻛﻮﭼـﻚ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻮﺳـﻂ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺪﻯ ﺑﺮ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺩﻋﺎﻯ ‪ 4‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﻀﻮ ﻛﻤﻴﺴﻴﻮﻥ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺗﺎﻕ ﺑﺎﺯﺭﮔﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ‪16‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺩﻋﺎﻯ ﻛﺴﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪﻧﺪ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ‪4‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪،‬ﮔﻔﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺭﺍﻧﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺴــﺘﻢ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺩﻋﺎ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺁﻧﻬﺎﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻮﺳــﻂ ﻗﺸﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺸــﻜﻴﻞ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨــﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳــﻰ ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻧﻰ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻗــﺪﺭﺕ ﻭ ﺛﺮﻭﺕ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ‪16‬ﻫــﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺳــﻨﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺩﻋﺎﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﻣﻨﻔﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﮔﻔﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﻬﻮﻟﺖ ﻛﺴﺐﻭﻛﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺳــﻴﺎﻩﻧﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺑﺮ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮﮔــﺬﺍﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﻧﺎﻣﺰﺩﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺟﻤــﻊﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﺭﺍﻯ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺳــﻴﺎﻩ ﺟﻠﻮﻩ ﺩﻫﻨــﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ‪،‬ﺑــﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻥ ﻭﻋﺪﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﺠﻮﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺳــﻴﺎﻩﻧﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﻭﺿﻌﻴــﺖ ﻣﻮﺟــﻮﺩ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﻣﺨﺮﺑــﻰ ﺑﺮ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻧﺎﻣﺰﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺗﻰ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪﻑ ﻋﻮﺍﻡﻓﺮﻳﺒﻰ ﻭ ﺟﻤﻊﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﺭﺍﻯ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺨﺮﺏ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺭﻭﻧﻪ ﺟﻠﻮﻩ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺎﺯﻩ ﻧﺪﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻗﺮﺑﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﺸﻤﻜﺶﻫﺎ ﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭ ﺧــﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺁﻏــﺎﺯ ﻛــﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺑــﺎ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻰ ﺷــﺪﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﻣﺬﺍﻛﺮﺍﺕ ﻫﺴــﺘﻪﺍﻯ ﻭ ﺑــﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺧﻴﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻟﻐﻮ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺖ ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻪ ﺷــﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺖﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴﺖ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﺑﺤﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺭﻭ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﻧﺠﺎﺕ ﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﻮﺳﺴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﻴﺐﻧﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠــﻰ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺧــﻮﺩ ﭼﺸــﻢﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ ﭼﺸــﻢﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯ ﺑﺤﺮﺍﻧﻰ ‪4‬ﺳــﺎﻝ ﭘﻴﺶ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺗﻜﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﺑﺤﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﻧﺠﺎﺕ ﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺎ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴــﺘﻴﻢ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 1391‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺷــﺪﻳﺪ ‪7/7‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺩﺍﺧﻠــﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩ ﺍﺯ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺑﺤﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺁﻭﺭﺩﻫﺎ ﻧﺸــﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪1395‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻚ ﺑﻪ ‪ 8‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴﺖ ﺗﻮﺭﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺴﺎﺭﮔﺴﻴﺨﺘﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻬﺎﺭ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺁﺭﺍﻣﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻛﺎﻻ ﻭ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺮﺩﺍﻧﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺛﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺮﺥﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺭﻡ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ‪ 45‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻯ ﻭ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﺳﺎﻻﻧﻪ‬ ‫‪ 40‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺷــﺖ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ‪ .‬ﺳــﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﻮﻓﻖ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻳﻢ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ‪ 26‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺗﻮﺭﻡ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻚ ﺭﻗﻤﻰ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﭘﺮﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﺭﻡ ﺗﻚﺭﻗﻤﻰ ﺑﻴﻔﺰﺍﻳﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺸــﺖ ﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺁﺭﺍﻣﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺳــﺘﺎﻭﺭﺩ ﻣﻬﻤﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬ﭘﻴﺎﻡ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺑﺤﺮﺍﻥﺯﺩﺍﻳﻰ ﻭ ﺗﻨﺶﺯﺩﺍﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺁﺭﺍﻣﺶ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 1392‬ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍﻯ ﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻓﻘﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻄﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳــﺖ ﺁﻣﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻋﻤﺪﻩﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﻫــﻢ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢﻫﺎ ﭘﺎﺑﺮﺟﺎ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻫﻢ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﻧﻔﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﺍﺭﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺷــﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺷﻜﻞﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺟﻤﺎﻉ ﻣﻠﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﻰﭘﺬﻳﺮﺩ؛ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺣﻞ ﻣﺴــﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻧﻪ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﭘﻴﭽﻴﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺷﻮﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺑﺮﻣﻰﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴــﻢ ﻣﺠﺮﺩ ﻭ ﻣﺴــﺘﻘﻞ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻥ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺖﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﻫﺎ ﻫﻢ ﺑﺮ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺳــﺎﺯﻭﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺩﻭﺳﻮﻳﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻧﺸــﻮﺩ ﻫﻤﺎﻥﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻪ ﭘﻴﺶﺗﺮ ﺑﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻫﺸــﺪﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩﺍﻡ ﻣﺘﻦ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺁﺳﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻫــﺪ ﺩﻳــﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺟﻤﺎﻉ ﻣﻠﻰ ﺑﺮ ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺗﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﺩﺭﻙ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻙ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻩﺣﻞﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬ﺣﻞ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﭙﺬﻳﺮﺩ ﻭ ﻣﺎ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺟﺎﺯﻩ ﺩﻫﻴﻢ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻗﺮﺑﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻛﺸﻤﻜﺶﻫﺎ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﭘﻨﺠﺸﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ‬ ‫‪ 21‬ﺍﺭﺩﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ ‪ 14 1396‬ﺷﻌﺒﺎﻥ ‪ 11 1438‬ﻣﻪ ‪ 2017‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 111‬ﭘﻴﺎﭘﻰ ‪2084‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺍﻯ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﻛﺎﺏﺯﺩﻥ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺍﻓﻴﻚ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ »ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ« ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻧﻘﻠﻴﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺭﻛﺎﺏ ﺯﻧﻰ ﺑﺴﺘﺮﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﻭﻗﺖ ﻭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ ﺍﻣﻴﺮﺍﺣﻤﺪﻯ‬ ‫‪car@sanatnewspaper.com‬‬ ‫ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﭘﺎﻙ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎﻳﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺟﻠﺐ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ؛ ﺳﻨﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﭘﻴﺶﺗﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﺳﻴﺎﻯ ﺷﺮﻗﻰ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺑﻪ ﭼﺸﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﻤﺖ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧــﻮﺍﻉ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺭﻓﺘﻪﺍﻧــﺪ ﻏﺮﺑﻰﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺠﻰ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺁﻟﻮﺩﮔﻰ ﻫﻮﺍ ﻭ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺳــﺎﻳﻞ ﺣﻤﻞ ﻭ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺧﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪﺗﺎﺯﮔﻰ ﮔﺮﻭﻫﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺎﻥ ﻋﻼﻗﻪﻣﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻯ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻣﺤﻴﻂﺯﻳﺴــﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺷﻌﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﻮﺍﻯ ﭘﺎﻙ‪ ،‬ﮔﺮﻭﻫﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺭﻛﺎﺏﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻪﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻠﻴﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻧﻘﻠﻴﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﭼﻪ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺘﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﭼﻪ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﻗﻄﻌﻪﺳﺎﺯ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺷـﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺤـﺪﻭﺩ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴـﺪ ﻗﻄﻌـﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻴــﺎﺭ ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺹ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻋﻀﺎﻯ ﮔــﺮﻭﻩ ﺭﻛﺎﺏﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺳﺨﺖﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪﻫﺎ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻛﻴﻔﻰ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪﻫﺎ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻟﻮﺍﺯﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐﺗﺮﻯ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ‬ ‫)ﺑﺮﻧﺪ(ﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮﺗﺮﻯ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺭﮔﺎﻧــﻰ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮﺗﺮﻯ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻋﺮﺻﻪ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺷــﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺑــﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺘﻰﺗﺮ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯﺍﻳﻦﺭﻭ ﺷــﺎﻫﺪ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖﺗﺮ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺮﻏﻮﺏﺗﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳــﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺚ ﺭﻭﻧﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪﻫــﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺗﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻭﺭﺯﺷﻜﺎﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﺮ ﻛﻤﻚ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺘﻰ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻀــﻮ ﮔــﺮﻭﻩ ﺭﻛﺎﺏﺯﻧــﺎﻥ ﺍﺩﺍﻣــﻪ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ :‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺖﻫــﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﺍﻯ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻗﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻫﺮ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩﺍﻯ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺮ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺭﺩﻩﻫــﺎﻯ ﭘﺎﻳﻴــﻦ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻭﺟــﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺗﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﻠﺰﻯ ﺳــﻨﮕﻴﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺴﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺨﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﺣﺮﻓﻪﺍﻯ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻟﻮﻣﻴﻨﻴﻮﻣﻰ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺗﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺁﻟﻮﻣﻴﻨﻴﻮﻣﻰ ﺳــﺒﻚ ﻭ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺭﻛﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻥ ﺑﻬﺘــﺮﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺻﺮﻑ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ )‪ 5‬ﺗﺎ‬ ‫‪6‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ( ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪﻫﺎ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﮔﻔﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻗﻄﻌﻪﺳــﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺯﻳــﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻣــﺮ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻗﻄﻌــﺎﺕ ﺁﻥ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴــﺖ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺷــﺎﻳﺪ ﺷــﺮﻛﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺷﻜﺴــﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺩﺭ ﺣــﺎﻝ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣــﻪ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ :‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴــﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﺧﺎﻧــﻪﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺰﻭﻳﻦ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻧــﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻰﺯﻧﺪ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩﻯ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﺗﺎﻳﺮ ﻭ ﺗﻴﻮپ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨــﺪ‪ .‬ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﺻﻠــﻰ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻟــﻮﺍﺯﻡ ﺗﺮﻣﺰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﭘﻰ‪ ،‬ﻃﻮﻗﻪ ﻭ ﺩﻧﺪﻩ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩﻯ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﻧﻴﺎﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺷﻴﻤﺎﻧﻮ ﻟﻮﺍﺯﻡ ﺩﻧﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻣﺰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺧﻮﺩﺷــﺎﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻟﺰﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﺪﻭﻧﺰﻯ‪ ،‬ﺳــﻨﮕﺎﭘﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﭼﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺗﺎﻳﻮﺍﻥ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺷــﻌﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺳــﺎﺧﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺳﺖ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ژﺍﭘﻨﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻳﺎ ﺷــﺮﻛﺘﻰ ﺍﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﺗﺒﻪ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؛ ﻛﻤﭙﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻤﭙﺎﮔﻨﻮﻟﻮ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺍﻳﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺮﻣﺰ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺩﻧــﺪﻩ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺗﻨﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﻰ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺗﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺤﺼﺎﺭ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺼﺎﺭﻑ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺰ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻓﺖﻭﺁﻣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﻣﻔﻴﺪ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪﻫﺎ ﺳــﻨﮕﻴﻦ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪﮔﻮﻧــﻪﺍﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺭﻛﺎﺏ ﺧﻮﺭ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑــﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﺮﻓﺸــﺎﺭ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺳــﺮﺑﺎﻻﻳﻰ ﺭﻓﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺍﺭﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻧﻰ ﭘﻴﺸﺘﺎﺯﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻟﻮﺍﺯﻡ ﺳﺨﺖﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺮﻏﻴﺐ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻣﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ؟ ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﺳــﺦ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺮﺳــﺶ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺍﻓــﺮﺍﺩ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻳﻚﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫‪ 300‬ﺗﺎ ‪400‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﻨﺪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺷــﻬﺮﻯ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺯﻳــﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺁﻟﻮﺩﮔﻰ ﻫﻮﺍ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺷــﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺷــﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺧﻴﺎﺑﺎﻥﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺷﻴﺐﺩﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻪﺩﻟﻴــﻞ ﻛﻮﻫﺴــﺘﺎﻧﻰ ﺑــﻮﺩﻥ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﻨﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺟﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺷــﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺯﺍﻥﻗﻴﻤــﺖ ﻭ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﻰ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻟﻮﺍﺯﻡ ﻭ ﺳــﺨﺖﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﻭﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﻛﺴﻰ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﺣﺘﻰ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﻟﻮﺍﺯﻡ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻰ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﻰ ﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﻨﻰ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺣﻞ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻓﺼﻞ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻳﺎ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺑﻨﺎﻡ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻴﺖ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺭﻛﺎﺏﺯﺩﻥ ﻭ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﭼﻘﺪﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺍﮔﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺮﺍﻓﻴﻚ ﻣﺤﺎﺳــﺒﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻨــﻮﺍﻥ ﻳــﻚ ﺭﺍﻩﺣﻞ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺸــﻜﻞ ﺗﺮﺍﻓﻴــﻚ ﺭﺍ ﺭﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯﺍﻳﻦﺭﻭ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺭﻛﺎﺏﺯﺩﻥ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺍﻓﻴﻚ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻗﻄﻊ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳــﺖ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺷــﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻴﺮﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺻﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﺩ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ‪ 1/5‬ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺻﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺼﺪ ﺑﺮﺳــﺪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪ 30‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 40‬ﺩﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﺮﻓﻪﺍﻯﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺗﺎ ‪ 20‬ﺩﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻭ ﺗﺼﺮﻳﺢ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﻣﻬﻢ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺩﺭﺳــﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺯﺍﻳﻦﺭﻭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺭﻛﺎﺏﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺭﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺚ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻣﺘﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺷــﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻣﻮﺯﻧــﺪ ﺩﺭﺳــﺖ ﺭﻛﺎﺏ ﺑﺰﻧﻨــﺪ‪ .‬ﻛﺴــﺎﻧﻰ ﻛــﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﺮﺍﺽ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺧﺴــﺘﻪ ﺷــﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﻭ ﻋﺮﻕ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻟﺒﺎﺱ ﺧﻴﺲ ﺳــﺮﻛﺎﺭ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻰﺑﻴﻨﻨﺪ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﺩﺭﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺑﺎ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﺭﺍﺣﺖﺗــﺮ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺳــﻴﻠﻪ ﻧﻘﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺯﺍﻥ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺍﻥﺑﻬﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺗﻌﺮﻓﻪ ﺣﺮﺑﻪﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌــﺖ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻣﻐﻔﻮﻝ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺧﺒﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺿﺪﻭﻧﻘﻀﻰ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺁﻥ ﺷــﻨﻴﺪﻩ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻟﻰﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﻄﻴﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﺩﻋﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺟﻮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻣﻰﺩﺍﻧﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺁﺷﻨﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﺍﺕ ﺑﻮﻣﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ )ﺑﺮﻧﺪ(‬ ‫ﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﺷــﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﭼﺮﺍ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ؟ ﺩﺭﺍﻳﻦﺑﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮﻳــﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﺤﺴــﻦ ﺻــﺎﺩﻕﺯﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻴﺸﻜﺴــﻮﺗﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ )ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺎﻩ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﻏﺰﺍﻝ( ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ ﮔﻼﻳﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻰﺗﻮﺟﻬﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﻧﻴﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻳﻚ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺍﺯ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺷﺎﻳﺪ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﻫﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ ﻟﻨﺖ ﺗﺮﻣﺰ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﻳﻚ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻣــﺎ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭﻗﻄﻊ ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻟﻨﺖﺗﺮﻣﺰ ﭘﮋﻭ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﺍﻳــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻨﺰ ﻭ‪ ...‬ﺑﺎ ﻳﻜﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻫﻤﻴﻦﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻳــﻚ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺷﻨﻴﺪﻩﻫﺎ ﺣﺎﻛﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺁﻳﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺎﻳﻴﺪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻴﺪ؟‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﭘﻴﺸــﻴﻨﻪ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪30‬‬ ‫ﺗﺎ ‪ 40‬ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺸــﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺒﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻧﺸﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻻﻳﻠﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺰ ﻧﺸﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺸﻨﺎﺳﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻣﻰﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳﺰﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﻧﻜﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻧﻴﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺗﺎ ﭼﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻭﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﻧﻘﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺗﻰ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﻭﺳــﺎﻳﻞ ﻧﻘﻠﻴﻪ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﺳﻴﻜﻠﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺩﻳــﺪﻩ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺷــﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 26‬ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ‪ 30‬ﻧﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻻﺳــﺘﻴﻚ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻳﺎ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺗﻨﻪ ﺑﻠﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩ ﻳﺎ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺳﺮﺩﺳــﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺗﻰ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﺮﻣﺰ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧــﻪ ﻗﻄﻌﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻡ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺻﻞﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺯﻧﺠﻴﺮ ﺟﻠﻮ ﻭ ﻋﻘﺐ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻗﻮﺍﻯﻣﺤﺮﻛﻪ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺍﮔـﺮ ﺑﺨﻮﺍﻫﻴﺪ ﺑـﻪ ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫـﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺍﺷـﺎﺭﻩ ﻛﻨﻴـﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﻭ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﺁﻥ ﭼﻴﺴﺖ؟‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﻭ ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﺵ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻻﻥ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﺮﺳﺎﻧﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﭼﺮﺍ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺗﻌﺮﻓﻪ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺳــﻴﻠﻪ ﻣﻮﺭﺩﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻫﺮ ﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳــﺶ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﻭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻗﺎﭼﺎﻕ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻓﺮﺍﻫــﻢ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺗﻌﺮﻓﻪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻗﺎﭼﺎﻕ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭﻗﻄﻊ ﻛﺎﺳﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺑﻪﻫﺮﺣﺎﻝ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺗﻌﺮﻓﻪﻫﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ؟‬ ‫ﺍﺑﺘــﺪﺍ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑــﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻭ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻰ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﻛــﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﻭ ﺑﺤﺚﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﺮﻓﻪﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻳﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻗﻄﻌﻪﺍﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﺗﻌﺮﻓﻪ ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻰ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻗﻄﻌﻪﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﻮﻣﻰﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺁﻥ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﻧﻜﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩﻯ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺁﻥ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﭼﻪ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺗﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺗﻌﺮﻓﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؟‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﻗﻄﻌﻪﺳﺎﺯ ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﻫﻢ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺗﻨﻪ ﺁﻟﻮﻣﻴﻨﻴﻮﻣﻰ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻢ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺑﺎﻻﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺟﺎﺯﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻧﻤﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﺻﻨﻌﺘﮕﺮ ﻫﻤﺖ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ ﻛﺎﺭﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﺎﻳﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺭﺍﻩﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻯ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺁﻳﺎ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﻭﺍﻡ ‪5‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨﺪ؟‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴــﺌﻮﻻﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺪﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻜﺮ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻧﻴﺴــﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﻭ ﭘﺸــﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻰ ﻧﻤﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺷــﻌﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﺭﺍﻩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﺧــﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﻛﺮﺩﻳــﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺗﻌﺮﻓﻪ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦﺳــﻮ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻗﻴﻤﺖﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺕ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﺟﻠﻮﻯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺗﺎﻳﺮ ﻭ ﺗﻴﻮپ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦﺳﻮ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻫﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﻭ ﻗﻴﻤﺖﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻫﺴــﺘﻢ ﺍﺩﻋﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻛﻨﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎﺯﺭﺳــﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻧﺎﻇﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺷــﻨﺪ ﻛــﻪ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﻗﻴﻤﺖﻫﺎ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻓــﺮﻭﺵ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨــﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺳــﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻳــﺪ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺒﻴﻨﻨﺪ ﺑــﺎﻻ ﺭﻓﺘﻦ ﺗﻌﺮﻓﻪﻫﺎ ﺣﺮﺑﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﻪﺩﺳــﺖ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﻗﻴﻤﺖﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻫﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻨﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺠﺒﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻛﺎﻻﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ‪15‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻰ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪20‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨــﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺑــﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺁﻣــﺪﻩ ﻗﻴﻤﺖﻫــﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻧﻘﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯﺍﻳﻦﺭﻭ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻟﺰﺍﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻄﻴﻠﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﺮ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﻪﺭﺍﺣﺘﻰ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ‬ ‫ﺫﺧﻴــﺮﻩ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻣﺸــﻜﻞ ﺳــﻮﺩ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻛﻨــﺪ ﻭ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺩﻟﺴﻮﺯ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺁﻥ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻧﻔﺮ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺸــﻐﻮﻝ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ‬ ‫‪ 30‬ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻓﻀﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﺴــﺎﻋﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﺍﺕ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺰ ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺕ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳــﺶ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖﭘﺬﻳــﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﻣﺴــﺘﻠﺰﻡ ﺗﺪﻭﻳــﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺘﻰ ﺟﺎﻣــﻊ ﺩﺭ ﺣــﻮﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻓﻪﻫﺎﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪96‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺣﻤﺎﻳــﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﺩﺍﺧــﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨــﺪ ﺗﺪﻭﻳــﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣــﻪﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺁﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺧﺎﻟﻘﻰ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﻌﺮﻓﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﻀﻮ ﻫﻴﺎﺕﻣﺪﻳﺮﻩ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﻫﺴﺘﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺯﺍﻳــﻦﺭﻭ ﺑﺎﻳــﺪ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﻼﻥ ﻭ ﺟﺪﻯﺗﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺘــﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻤﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ ﻗﻄﻌﻪﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘــﻪ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋــﻪﺍﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﻭ ﻗﻄﻌﻪﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻦ ﻛﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ ﺁﺳــﻴﺐﭘﺬﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻓﺸــﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﺮﻭﻧﻰ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺑــﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜــﻪ ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﺗﺒﻴﻴﻦ ﻧﻈــﺎﻡ ﺗﻌﺮﻓﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﻫﺪﻑ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﻢﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﻭ ﺳــﺎﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻰ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺧﺎﻃﺮﻧﺸﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺎﻻﻯ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻌﺮﻓﻪ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻯ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺑﻪﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﭘﻠﻜﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻌﺮﻓﻪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻯ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﻣﻬﻤﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺁﻳﺎ ﻛﺎﻻ ﻭ ﻗﻄﻌﻪﺍﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻛﻤﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ؟ ﭘــﺲ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻋﻤﻖ ﺳــﺎﺧﺖ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻮﺭﺩﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗــﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﭼﻪ ﺳــﻬﻤﻰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻫﻤﮕﻰ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺗﻌﺮﻓﻪ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻛﻨﻮﻧﻰ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﻭ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨــﺪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳــﺖ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺗﻘﺎﺿــﺎ ﻭ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻴــﺎﺯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﻣﻌﺘﻘــﺪﻡ ﺗﺎ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺼــﻮﻻﺕ ﺑﺎﻛﻴﻔﻴــﺖ ﻭ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺒﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﺧــﻞ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻧﺒﺎﻳــﺪ ﻣﺎﻧــﻊ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳــﺨﺖﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﺷﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﻰﺷــﻚ ﺗﻌﺮﻓﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﺑﺮﺍﺯﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﺑﺮﺍﺯ ﻣﺸــﻮﻗﻰ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﺗﺎ ﻓﻀﺎﻳﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﻳﺪﮔﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﻟﻰ ﻧﻘﺸﻪ ﺭﺍﻩ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧــﻞ ﻧﻴــﺎﺯ ﺑــﻪ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺨــﺶ ﺩﻭﻟﺘــﻰ ﻭ ﺧﺼﻮﺻــﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﺳﻴﻜﻠﺖ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﻪﺩﻧﺒــﺎﻝ ﺁﻥ ﻗﻄﻌــﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﺳــﻴﻜﻠﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺷﺪ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖﻫــﺎ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﺒﻴﺐﺍﷲ ﻣﺤﻤﻮﺩﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻗــﻰ ﺩﺭﺍﻳﻦﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺭﺥ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻳﺐﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﺪﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻗﻄﻌﻪﺳﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﺳﻴﻜﻠﺖ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻑﻫــﺎﻯ ﻛﻠﻰ ﺯﻳــﺎﺩ ﺯﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﺍﻣــﺎ ﻫﻴــﭻ ﺭﺍﻩﺣﻞ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺸﻪ ﺭﺍﻫﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﺎﺧﺖ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺮﺑــﻮﻁ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻗﺪﻣﻰ ﺑﺮﻧﺪﺍﺷــﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﻣﺒﺎﺩﻟﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺗﻌﺮﻓﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪ ﻧﺎﭼﻴﺰ ﻭ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻓﻪﻫــﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦﺭﻭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺑﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻧﺎﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﺮ ﻣﻰﺑﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺭﻳﻞﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺯﻯ‪ ،‬ﻃﺮﺡﻫــﺎﻯ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦﻫﺎ ﻫﻴﭻ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪﺍﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷــﺖ ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﻫﻴــﭻﮔﺎﻩ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻧﺸــﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻣــﺮﻭﺯ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺨﺶﻫــﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪﻯ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺑﺤﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﻗــﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺻﻨﺎﻳــﻊ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺮ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻓﻀﺎ ﻭ ﺍﺑﺮﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳــﻦ ﻣﺎﻧﻊ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ﻧﻘﺸﻪ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻭ ﺷــﻴﻮﻩﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﻧﻊ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴــﻴﺮ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎﻛﻴــﺪ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻣﺒﻨﻰﺑﺮ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ﺷــﻤﺎﺭﻩﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﺗﻮﺭﻯﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻟﺰﻭﻡ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﺳﻴﻜﻠﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻧﮋﻛﺘﻮﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﺍﻧﺠﻴﻦ ﺍﻧﮋﻛﺘﻮﺭﻯ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧــﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻋﻤﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﻧﺎﮔﺰﻳﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻧﮋﻛﺘﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﭼﻴﻨﻰ ﻫﺴﺘﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭﻯﻛــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺭﺧﺎﻧﺠﺎﺕ ﭼﻴﻨﻰ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻧﮋﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﻧﻴﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺮﻳﺪﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﻧﺘﺎژﻛﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﻢﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﺳــﻴﻜﻠﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﻓﺮﻭﺷــﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺧﺮﻳــﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﻧﻤﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺩﺍﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﭘﺲ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦﺭﻭ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﻮﻕﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﺩ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭﻯﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻋﺮﺿﻪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻻﻯ ﺩﺍﺧﻠــﻰ ﺩﺭﺻــﺪﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺎﺕ ﺗﻜﻠﻴﻔﻰ ﻣﺸــﺎﻏﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﻔﻴﻒ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺧﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﭘﻨﺠﺸﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫‪ 21‬ﺍﺭﺩﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ ‪1396‬‬ ‫‪ 14‬ﺷﻌﺒﺎﻥ ‪1438‬‬ ‫‪ 11‬ﻣﻪ ‪2017‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺑﻴﺴﺖ ﻭ ﻧﻬﻢ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 111‬ﭘﻴﺎﭘﻰ ‪2084‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﺧﻼﻕ ﺣﺮﻓﻪﺍﻯ ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪﻧﮕﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺻﻤﺖ‪www.smtnews.ir/about.html :‬‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ‪ :‬ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ ﻣﻄﺒﻮﻋﺎﺗﻰ )‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ‪ :‬ﻧﺎﺻﺮ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﻤﻬﺮ‬ ‫(‬ ‫ﺳﺮﺩﺑﻴﺮﻛﻞ‪ :‬ﻣﺴﻌﻮﺩ ﺩﻫﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﺩﺑﻴﺮ‪ :‬ﻣﺠﺘﺒﻰ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﻣﻘﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪ - 82190 :‬ﻧﻤﺎﺑﺮ‪ -88713730 :‬ﭘﻴﺎﻣﻚ‪ -300082190 :‬ﭘﻴﺎﻣﮕﻴﺮ ﺻﻮﺗﻰ‪88105304 :‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺁﮔﻬﻰﻫﺎ‪ - 88722732-3 :‬ﻧﻤﺎﺑﺮﺁﮔﻬﻰ ﻫﺎ‪88109733 :‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻮﺭ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻛﻴﻦ‪ - 88722735 :‬ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‪88105309 :‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎﻥﻫﺎ‪88724211 :‬‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻰ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺧﻴﺎﺑﺎﻥ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﺎﻧﻰ‪ -‬ﻛﻮﭼﻪ ﺁﺯﺍﺩﮔﺎﻥ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪26‬‬ ‫ﻛﺪ ﭘﺴﺘﻰ ‪1586733811‬‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‪pr@smtnews.ir:‬‬ ‫ﺁﮔﻬﻰ‪ads@smtnews.ir :‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥﻫﺎ‪ostanha@smtnews.ir :‬‬ ‫ﭼﺎﭘﺨﺎﻧﻪ‪ :‬ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﭼﺎپ ﺭﻭﺍﻕ ﺭﻭﺷﻦﻣﻬﺮ‬ ‫‪www.sanatnewspaper.com‬‬ ‫‪http://telegram.me/sanatnewspaper‬‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺗﻮﻥ ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺡﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﺍﻧﻪ ﺑﺴﺘﺮﺳﺎﺯ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﺴﺐﻭﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺳﻄﻪ ﺭﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﮔﻮﺷــﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻠﻔﻦ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﻭ ﻟﭗﺗﺎپﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﺳــﻮ ﻭ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻴﺒﺮﻳﺪﻯ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﺍﺳــﺮ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩﺳــﺎﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺑﻪﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺑﺎﺗﺮﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻟﻴﺘﻴﻮﻣﻰ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﭼﺸﻤﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﭼﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦﺭﻭ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﻓﺰﺍﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﻭﺭﻧﻤﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺼﺮﻑﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺗﺮﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻟﻴﺘﻴﻮﻣﻰ‪ ،‬ﺷــﺒﻜﻪ ﺑﺎﺗﺮﻯ ﻧﺎﻧﻮ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ‪ ،‬ﺳــﺎﺧﺖ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺳﻠﻮﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﻟﻴﺘﻴﻮﻣﻰ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﻰﺑﺮ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻧﻮ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺳﺘﺎﺩ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﻧﺎﻧﻮ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﻳﻚ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺗﺮﻯ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﮔﺰﺍﺭﻯ ﻳﻚ ﭼﺎﻟﺶ ﻧﻮﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ »ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺳﻠﻮﻝ ﺑﺎﺗﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺘﻮﻣﻰ« ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﮔﺎﻡ ﻧﺨﺴــﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﺍﻧﺒﻮﻩ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻧﻮﺑﺎﺗﺮﻯﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﻪﺗﺎﺯﮔﻰ ﺍﺯ ‪ 56‬ﻃﺮﺡ‬ ‫ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﺍﻧــﻪ ﻭ ﻣﺤﺼــﻮﻻﺕ ﺧﺎﺗﻤﻪﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻓﻨﻰ ‪ 56‬ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ ﺩﺍﻧﺶﺑﻨﻴﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﻌﻠﻢ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺩﺍﻧﺶﺑﻨﻴﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﻧﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺳــﻨﺦ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﺡﻫــﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺪﻩﻫﺎ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻳﻚ ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺫﻫﻦ ﺑﺮﺳــﺎﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺍﻳﺪﻩﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺭﺷﺘﻪﺍﻯ ﻓﻜﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﺡﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺩﺳــﺘﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎ ﻳــﺎ ﺭﻭﻳﺪﺍﺩﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺑﺎﺗﺮﻯ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺷﺪ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻓﺮﺍﮔﻴﺮ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ ﻣﺪﺗﻰ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻛﻞ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭﺑﺮ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺷﺮﺡ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺯﻩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺯﮔﺎﺭﻯ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﻚﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪﺩ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺎﻳﻠﻮﻥ ﻭ ﻛﻴﺴﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﻜﻰ ﺟﺰﻭ ﻣﺼﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻰ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺣﺬﻑ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﺮ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺗﺒﻠﻴﻐﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮﻧﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﻜﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺎﻳﻠﻮﻥ ﻭ ﻛﻴﺴﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﻜﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻀﻤﻮﻥ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻴﺴﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﺎﻳﻠﻮﻥ ﻭ ﻧﺎﻳﻠﻜﺲ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﭼﺮﺍ ﻛﻪ ﻓﺰﻭﻧﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﻴﺴﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺤﻴﻂﺯﻳﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﺮﻧﺎﻙ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ‪1000‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﻃﻮﻝ ﻣﻰﻛﺸﺪ ﺗﺎ ﻳﻚ ﻛﻴﺴﻪ ﻧﺎﻳﻠﻮﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺩﻝ ﺧــﺎﻙ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﻭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻣــﺎ ﺑﻪﺗﺎﺯﮔﻰ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺩﺍﻧﺶﺑﻨﻴﺎﻥ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﻛﻴﺴﻪ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﻜﻰ‬ ‫ﺣــﺎﻭﻯ ﻧﺎﻧــﻮﺫﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﻧﺎﻳﻠﻮﻥ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺣﺎﻭﻯ ﻧﺎﻧﻮﺫﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﻴﺴﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﻜﻰ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ ﻓﺮﺍﻭﺍﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺑﺸﺮ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻳﻜﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳــﺘﺎﻥ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﻛﻴﺴﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺯﺑﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻓﺮﻭﺷــﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻣﻴﻮﻩ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻩﺑﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻛﻴﺴــﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻴﻮﻩ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﻛﺸﺸــﻰ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻛﻢ ﻛﻴﺴﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﻴﺴــﻪﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﻧﺎﻧﻮ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ ﺩﺍﻧﺶﺑﻨﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺷــﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻛﻮﭼﻚﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻓﺸﺎﺭﻯ ﭘﺎﺭﻩ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﻥ ﺯﻳــﺎﺩﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﺩﻭﺍﻡ ﻭ ﺍﺳــﺘﺤﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﺴــﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻏﻠﺐ ﻛﻴﺴــﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻠﻰﺍﺗﻴﻠﻦ ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﺴﻪﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﺤﻜﺎﻡ ﻛﺸﺸﻰ ﺍﻧﺪﻙ ﺩﭼﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﺭﮔﻰ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦﺭﻭ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺎﻧــﻮﺫﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﺹ ﺍﺳــﺘﺤﻜﺎﻡ ﻛﺸﺸــﻰ ﻛﻴﺴــﻪﻫﺎ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﭘﮋﺋﻮﻫﺸﮕﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﮕــﺮﺍﻥ ﻗــﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﻴﺴــﻪﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻧﺎﻳﻠﻮﻥﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﭘﻼﺳــﺘﻴﻜﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺳــﺘﺎﺩ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﻧﺎﻧﻮ ﺗﺎﻳﻴــﺪ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﻴﺮ ﺍﺷــﺮﺍﻗﻰ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻧﻮ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ :‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻛﻴﺴﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺯﺑﺎﻟﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺑﺎﺯﻳﺎﻓﺘﻰ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﺛﺒﺎﺕﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻀﻞ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺴــﺖﻣﺤﻴﻄﻰ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻫﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻳﻠﻮﻥﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻧﺎﻳﻠﻜﺲﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺯﻳﺴــﺖﺗﺨﺮﻳﺐﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺁﻟﻮﺩﮔــﻰ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯﺯﺍﻳﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﺮﻃﺮﻑ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻛﻴﺴﻪ ﺯﺑﺎﻟﻪﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻯ ﺩﺳــﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﺗﻮﻛﻼﻭ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻛﻴﺴﻪ ﺯﺑﺎﻟﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻧﻤﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﻛﻴﺴــﻪ ﻧﺎﻳﻠﻮﻧﻰ ﺭﺍﻩﺣﻞ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﻰ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ﭼﺮﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﻛﻴﺴــﻪ ﺯﺑﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺭﺑﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﻧﺎﻧﻮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺸــﻜﻞ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﻃﺮﻑ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﺴﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺯﺑﺎﻟﻪ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﻜﻰ ﺁﻧﺘﻰ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﺎﻝ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺡ‪ :‬ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻴﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﻫﻮﺷﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﻴﻪ ﺭﺿﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫‪s.industrial@sanatnewspaper.com‬‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺸــﻜﻴﻞ ﺍﺗﺎﻕﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﻜﺮ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺳــﺮﻓﺼﻞﻫﺎ ﻭ ﭼﺸــﻢﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳــﻊ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻰ ﺭﺍ ﭼﻨﺎﻥ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻛــﺮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯﻩ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻮﻳﻦ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻬﻤﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻣــﻮﺭ ﺍﺯﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﻳﻔﺎ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨــﺪ ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺟﺰﻭ ﻧﺨﺴــﺘﻴﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺍﻧﺴــﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺷــﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻣﺎ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ‪ 7‬ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺳﺎﺣﻠﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﻭ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻳــﺎ ﺍﻳﺠــﺎﺏ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑــﺎ ﻧــﮕﺎﻩ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻰﺗﺮ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻊﺗﺮﻯ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳــﻦﺭﻭ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩ ﺭﺍﻫﺒــﺮﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧــﺪ ﺍﻳﺪﻩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺩﻳﺪﮔﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺳــﺎﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺌــﻮﺭﻯ ﺑﻪﻋﻤــﻞ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻚ ﻛﻨــﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨــﺎﺭ ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻫﺒﺮﺩ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﻳــﺪﺍﺭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻛﻢ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﭼﺮﺍﻛــﻪ ‪90‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺗﺠــﺎﺭﺕ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻩ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ ‪60‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﻴــﺰ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺧﻠﻴﺞﻓﺎﺭﺱ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛــﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﺮ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﻧﺸــﺎﻥﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﺰﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳــﻦﺭﻭ‪ ،‬ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨــﺎﺭ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖﻫــﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺗﻰ ﺧﻸﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺯﻭﺍﻳﺎﻯ ﻧﺎﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﻣــﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺎﺯﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﻫﺒﺮﺩ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻰ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻠﻨﺪﻣــﺪﺕ ﻣﻨﻌﻜﺲ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻣﺜﺒﺘﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺩﺭﻳﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻨﻌﻜﺲ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﮔﺰﺍﺭﻯ ﻫﻤﺎﻳﺶﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻧﺸﺴــﺖﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺗﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺩﻳﺪﮔﺎﻩﻫﺎ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺶ ﺳﺎﺯﻧﺪﻩﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖﺩﻫﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﻣﻮﺭﺩﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﻔﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻮﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺧﻸﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺎ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻢﺍﻧﺪﻳﺸﻰ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺯ ﺩﻧﻴــﺎ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗــﻰ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﻧﻮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻮﺁﻭﺭﺍﻧﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻸﻫﺎ ﺑﺴــﺘﺮ ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺪﻩﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻜﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻧﻜﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﻣﺎ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻮﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺒﻴﻨﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺭﺿــﺎ ﺍﺣﻤﺪﻯﻣﻴﺎﻧﺠﻰ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺯ ﻛﺎﺭﺧﺎﻧﻪﺍﻯ ‪ 100‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺮﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺑــﻪ ‪ 10‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻧﻔﺮ ﻛﺎﻫــﺶ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻴﻢ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻣــﻮﺭ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺰﺍﻳﺮ‪ ،‬ﺳــﻮﺍﺣﻞ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻳﺎ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ‪ 90‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻧﻔﺮ ﭼﻪ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺍﺷــﺘﻐﺎﻟﻰ ﺩﺭﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺗﺨﺎﺗــﻪ ﺗﺸــﻜﻴﻞ ﺩﺍﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎ ﻧﻴــﺰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﻭﺟــﻮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﺍﺣﻞ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻏﻴﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ‬ ‫ﻫﺮﭼﻪ ﺻﺤﻴﺢﺗﺮ ﻭ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺷﻜﺴﺖ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﺷﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺍﻓــﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻓﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺣﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻗﺪﻳﻤــﻰ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﻛــﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﻫﻢﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺩﺍﻧﺸــﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯﻫــﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺯ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺭﺷﺘﻪﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﻭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻴــﻢ‪ .‬ﺑﻬﺮﻩﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺑــﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﺮﻕ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺭﺷــﺘﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺏ ﺩﺭﻳﺎ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻣﺎ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻳﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻳﻦﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺭﺷــﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺘــﻪ ﻧــﮕﺎﻩ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺗﻰ ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ ﺑــﻪ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺗﻰ ﻭ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸــﻰ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﻣــﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺸــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦﺭﻭ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻮﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻮ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﻨﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩ ﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻜﺎﺭﮔﻴﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﻓﻨــﻰ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﭼﻴﺴــﺖ ﻭ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻳﻬــﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘــﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﻧﻈﺮﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﺴﺘﺮﺳــﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺪﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺳﻌﻴﺪ ﻣﻈﺎﻫﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻋﻀﻮ ﻫﻴﺎﺕﻣﺪﻳﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻈﺎﻫﺮﻯ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﻨﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺍﺳﻜﻠﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺯﺭﮔﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠﻤــﻦ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳــﻰ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳــﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨــﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻇﺮﻓﻴــﺖ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯﻫــﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﻮ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺑﻬــﺮﻩ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻧــﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻋﻀــﻮ ﻫﻴﺎﺕﻋﻠﻤــﻰ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸــﻜﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﻴﺎﻧﻮﺱﺷﻨﺎﺳــﻰ ﻧﻴــﺰ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺁﻣﺪﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﻴــﺮﻯ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪﻫــﺎﻯ ﮔﻤﺮﻛﻰ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﮔﻔــﺖ‪ :‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺪﺍﻧﻴــﻢ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﻧﻮﻳﻦ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺗــﻰ ﻣﻰﺗــﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺁﻣﺪﻥ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﻧﻮﻳﻦ ﻭ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻀــﻮ ﻫﻴﺎﺕﻋﻠﻤــﻰ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸــﻜﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻧﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﻴﺎﻧﻮﺱﺷﻨﺎﺳﻰ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻧــﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﻛﺎﻻ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻻ ﻭ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺗﻰ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺗﻜﻴﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺗــﻰ ﺑــﺎ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖﻫــﺎﻯ ﺑــﺎﻻ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻟﻮﻛــﺲ؛ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﺎﻛﻢ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻭ ﻟﻮﻛﺲ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻢ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﻜﺎﺭﮔﻴﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻯ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﺍﻧﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻃﺮﻑ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻈﺎﻫــﺮﻯ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻭﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪﻯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺍﻯ ﻫﻮﺷﻤﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻫﺴﺘﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﻭ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﻳﻚ ﺷــﺎﺧﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮﻧﻰ ﺩﺧﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﺴــﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻳﺎ ﻏﻴﺮﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻋﻮﺍﻣــﻞ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺗﺎ ﮔﺮﺩﺁﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺕﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ؛ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﻓﻨﻰ ﺭﻭﺯ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴــﺰﺍﺕ ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﻭ ﻣــﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﺮﻏﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨــﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺍﺯ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺕﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﭘﻮﻳﺎﻳﻰ ﻳﻚ ﺷــﺎﺧﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘــﻰ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻫﻤﻴﺸــﮕﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﺭﻭﺯ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻫﺮ ﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺷــﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺭﺍ ﻛﺴﺐ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻫﻤﮕﺎﻡ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻮﻻﺕ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻻﺯﻣﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺗﻌﺮﻳــﻒ ﺁﻥ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺭﻭﺯ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻣﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﺭﻭﺯ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﻤﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺰﻳﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﻰ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻭ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺠﺎﻝ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺴﺐ ﻋﻠﻢ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻧﻤﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻣﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﺩﻯ ﺷــﺎﻳﺪ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩ ﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻫﺮﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺷــﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ ﺍﺗﺎﻕ ﻓﻜﺮ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺍﮔﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩﺟﻪ ﻭ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﺍﻯ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﺑﻴﻬﻮﺩﻩ ﻧﺒﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺎﻋﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻌﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎﺕ ﻣﻠــﻰ ﻭ ﻓﺮﺍﻣﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺑــﻪ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﺭﺍﻫﺒــﺮﺩﻯ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﮋﻩﺍﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺒﻴﻨﻴﻢ ﭼﻪ ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺪﺍﻧﻴﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺠﺎ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﻋــﻼﻭﻩ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﻳــﺪﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳــﺪ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌــﺖ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻰ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺖ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑــﻰ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺁﺏ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﺍﺯﻥ ﻛﺸــﺘﻰﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺎﻣﻌــﻪ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ ﻋﻴﻨﻰ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺘﻜــﺶ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﭼﻪ ﺳﻴﺴــﺘﻤﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﻳــﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻳﻢ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺁﺏﻫﺎﻯ ﻋﻤﻴﻖ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻳﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳــﻦﺭﻭ‪ ،‬ﻫــﻢ ﻗﻮﺍﻋــﺪ ﻭ ﻗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌــﺖ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻰ ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦﺭﻭ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﭼﻴﻨﺶ ﻭ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﺶ ﻭ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻛﺴــﺐ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﮔﺎﻡ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﻭ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺭﺿﺎ ﻣﺤﻤﺪﻋﻠﻰﺑﻴﮕﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﻓﻨﻰ ﻭ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺑﻮﻣﻰﺳــﺎﺯﻯ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻢ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﭼﻪ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺎ ﻣﺘﺎﺳــﻔﺎﻧﻪ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﺳــﺘﻰ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿــﻮﻉ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﻮﺟــﻪ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨــﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﻤﻮﻧــﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩﻯ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ‪ 5‬ﺳــﺎﻟﻪ ﻭ ‪ 10‬ﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺁﻳﻤﻮ)ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻧﻮﺭﺩﻯ( ﻓﺮﺳــﺘﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﻛﺸﺘﻰﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦﺭﻭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﺷــﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻘﺸــﻪ ﺭﺍﻩ ﭼﻪ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻣﺎ ﭼﻘــﺪﺭ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﻭﺑﻪ ﭼﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻰ ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺳﺘﺎﺩ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺍﻧﺶﺑﻨﻴﺎﻥ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻨﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛــﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌــﻪ ﻛﺘــﺎﺏ ﻧﻘﺸــﻪ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻧﻮﺭﺩﻯ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸــﻰ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻰ ﺩﺭﻳﺎ‪ ،‬ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﻜﺪﻩ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﻭ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ )‪ (1395 – 1404‬ﻳﺎ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻭ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺮ ﺩﺭﻳﺎ ﻭ ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﺯﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺸــﺎﺑﻪ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﺑﻪﻃــﻮﺭﻯ ﻛــﻪ ﺑﺮﺁﻳﻨــﺪ ﻛﻞ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮﮔــﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺑﻴﻨﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻨﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺷــﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﺳــﻄﺤﻰ ﻭ ﻧﺎﻗﺺ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﻰﺗﻮﺟــﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻫــﺪﺍﻑ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺣــﻮﺯﻩ ﺩﺭﻳﺎ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻬــﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺟﺎﻣﻌــﻪ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﻼﻥ‪ ،‬ﭼﻨــﺪﺍﻥ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺁﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﻧﻘﺸــﻪ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭژﻩﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧــﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻴﭻﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﻧﻄﺒﺎﻗﻰ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﺷــﻔﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻟﺤــﺎﻅ ﻛﻤــﻰ ﻭ ﻛﻴﻔﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﺳــﺎﻻﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺧــﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ ﻭ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﻗﻀﺎﻭﺕ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬